Ophion inclinans Johansson, 2019

Johansson, Niklas & Cederberg, Björn, 2019, Review of the Swedish species of Ophion (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae: Ophioninae), with the description of 18 new species and an illustrated key to Swedish species, European Journal of Taxonomy 550, pp. 1-136 : 67-69

Ophion inclinans Johansson sp. nov.

urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:53FE412C-94FB-4D9B-A4EF-10EA7145189A

Figs 6C, E , 8F , 13C , 16D , 19 C–D, 33

Diagnosis

Separated from other Ophion species by the combination of the carinated scutellum, the dorsal undulation of the first tergite, the shape of the head and placement and size of the ocelli. Very similar to Ophion pteridis and O. vardali Johansson sp. nov., but without infuscate areas on the mesosoma, slightly wider head in anterior view and the occipital carina usually centrally rounded or straight. From O. pteridis it is also distinguished by the usually widely interrupted posterior transverse carina of the propodeum with the area posterior to the carina rather smooth. In all studied specimens of O. pteridis the posterior transverse carina is complete and the area delimited by it strongly wrinkled. Also quite similar to Ophion paukkuneni Johansson sp. nov. but with less buccate head and the lateral ocellus touching the compound eye. Perhaps most easily confused with Ophion arenarius Johansson sp. nov., but with the flagellomeres more elongate and the head usually slightly narrower in anterior view.

Etymology

Inclinans from the dorsal undulation of the first tergite in this species.

Material examined

> 350 ♀♀, 77 ♂♂ ( Sweden); 3 ♀♀ ( Finland); 1 ♀ ( Italy); 2 ♀♀, 1 ♂ ( Estonia); 27 ♀♀, 3 ♂♂ ( Norway).

Type material

Holotype

SWEDEN • ♀; Norrbotten, Haparanda, Reikkola ; 65.818° N, 24.140° E; 9 Sep.–8 Oct. 2016; N. Ryrholm and C. Källander leg.; MV-light trap in boreal forest, meadow; STI-NJBC28 ; NHRS-HEVA000008667. Paratypes

SWEDEN • 1 ♀; Bohuslän, Tossene, Stora Hultet ; 58.446° N, 11.409° E; 24 Jul.–14 Sep. 2014; N. Ryrholm and C. Källander leg.; MV-light trap in farmland; NHRS-HEVA000008668 • 1 ♀; Norrbotten, Haparanda, Santasaari ; 65.817° N, 24.133° E; 9 Aug.–8 Oct. 2016; N. Ryrholm and C. Källander leg.; MV-light trap; STI-NJBC29 ; NHRS-HEVA000008669 • 1 ♀; Bohuslän, Tossene, Stora Hultet ; 58.446° N, 11.409° E; 15 Sep.–16 Oct. 2014; N. Ryrholm and C. Källander leg.; MV-light trap in framland; STI-NJBC18 ; NHRS- HEVA000008670 • 1 ♂; Gotland, Fleringe, Rute ; 57.834° N, 18.923° E; 17–24 Jul. 2017; J. Törnvall leg.; MV-light; NHRS-HEVA000008671 • 1 ♂; Gotland, Sundre, Suders ; 56.945° N, 18.303° E; 14 Jul.–17Aug. 2017; N. Ryrholm and C. Källander leg.; MV-light trap in deciduous woodland; NHRS-HEVA000008672 • 1 ♂; Uppland, Norrtälje, Rådmansö ; 59.708° N, 18.955° E; 10 Oct.–15 Nov. 1991; N. Ryrholm and C. Källander leg.; MV-light trap in mixed coastal forest; NHRS-HEVA000008673 • 1 ♀; Norrbotten, Haparanda, Reikkola ; 65.818° N, 24.140° E; 9 Sep.–8 Oct. 2016; N. Ryrholm and C. Källander leg.; MVlight trap in boreal forest, meadow; NHRS-HEVA000008674 .

Description

Fore wing length 13–17 mm. Antenna in both sexes with 50–59 flagellomeres. First flagellomere 3.5–4.0 times as long as wide. Central flagellomeres 1.8–2.0 times as long as wide ( Fig. 8F ). Subapical flagellomeres long and slender, about 3.0 times as long as wide with long prominent pilosity. Temple slightly buccate. Head in lateral view about 0.4–0.6 times as long as compound eye. Head slightly wider than long in frontal view (width/height measured from the apical margin of clypeus to the top of head about 1.25) ( Fig. 19 C–D). Ocelli in dorsal view touching compound eye in female, in male with small interstice between posterior ocellus and compound eye. Ocelli smaller than in O. pteridis , the distance between posterior ocelli usually about 0.6–0.8 times the diameter of ocellus. Occipital carina in a majority of specimens centrally straight or rarely evenly rounded, in this respect differing from the more angled carina in O. pteridis and O. vardali Johansson sp. nov. Malar space about 0.1–0.2 times as long as mandibular base in female and about 0.2–0.3 times in male. Mandibular gape right-angled, with internal angles. Wing membrane clear. Ramellus distinct, reaching about 0.2–0.3 times the width of the discosubmaginal cell. Radius sinuous. Face below antennal sockets with quite scarce punctures, polished or weakly shagreened. Wing membrane clear. Mesopleuron shagreened and distinctly punctate. Spaces between punctures about equal to their diameter. Pleurosternal angles weakly obtuse to right angled, obviously anterior to sternal angles. Scutellum with distinct lateral carinae ( Fig. 6C ). Propodeum slightly coriaceous, often quite polished with anterior transverse carina strong but sometimes partly absent laterally. Posterior transverse carina often widely interrupted centrally (as in Fig. 10A ) and the area delimited by it quite smooth without any obvious wrinkles. Area superomedia often with lateral and anterior carinae. Central longitudinal carinae often distinct. Sclerotised part of first sternite ending obviously posterior to spiracle. First tergite in lateral view with slight or distinct median undulation ( Fig. 6E ). Hind trochantellus shorter than wide in dorsal view. Legs quite slender with hind femur about 7.0 times as long as wide ( Fig. 16D ). Inner spur of hind tibia 0.5 times as long as hind metatarsus.

Colour

Body testaceous. Head with inner and outer orbits yellow. Mandibular teeth black. Ovipositor sheath testaceous, of same colour as posterior metasomal segments.

DNA barcode

The DNA barcode sequences of ten Swedish specimens of Ophion inclinans Johansson sp. nov. are available at the BOLD systems database (www.boldsystems.org, BIN. BOLD: AAH1753. Specimen codes: STI-NJBC: 15–16, 18, 20, 22, 27–29, 77, 242).

Ecology

Ophion inclinans Johansson sp. nov. is active in late summer and autumn, August–October, in semiopen agricultural landscapes and light forests. Due to confusion with other species the host records are difficult to interpret. A female in NHRS was reared from Lacanobia contigua (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775) . According to Brock (1982) it has been been reared from Hadena sp. Schrank, 1802, Ceramica pisi ( Linnaeus, 1758) and Lacanobia oleracea ( Linnaeus, 1758) . Some of these host records might refer to other previously undescribed species similar to O. inclinans Johansson sp. nov.

Distribution in Sweden

This species is the most widely distributed of all Ophion species in Sweden, but seems to be rarer in the south.

Remarks

This species has widely been treated under the name Ophion pteridis due to a misinterpretation of the lectotype and original description of that species (see remarks under O. pteridis and Discussion). Ophion inclinans Johansson sp. nov. forms a very closely related species pair with O. arenarius Johansson sp. nov. Specimens from subalpine areas in central and northern Sweden have the clypeus narrower and entirely shagreened, while it is wider and polished in typical specimens. These specimens also shows a small but consistent genetical difference from typical O. inclinans ( Fig. 5 ) and cluster with some Finnish specimens forming two quite distinct groups. Further research is needed to clearify if these forms represent different taxa.

Figures

Fig. 6. A–D. Scutellum, dorsal view. A. Ophion luteus (Linnaeus, 1758). B. O. areolaris Brauns, 1889. C. O. inclinans Johansson sp. nov., holotype, ♀ (NHRS-HEVA000008667). D. O. dispar Brauns, 1895. E–H. Firsttergite, lateral view.E. O.inclinansJohanssonsp.nov.,holotype,♀ (NHRS-HEVA000008667). F. O. dispar. G. O. artemisiae Boie, 1855. H. O. luteus. I–J. Shape of male parameres, lateral view. I. Ophion sp. cf. pseudocostatus Meyer, 1935. J. O. artemisiae.

Fig. 8. A–C.Apical flagellomeres in female. A. Ophion parvulusKriechbaumer, 1879. B. O. paraparvulus Johansson sp. nov., paratype, ♀ (NHRS-HEVA000008696). C. O. tenuicornis Johansson sp. nov., paratype, ♀ (NHRS-HEVA000008743). D–F. Apical flagellomeres in female (pilosity removed). D. O. ellenae Johansson sp. nov., paratype, ♀ (NHRS-HEVA000008655). E. O. arenarius Johansson sp. nov., paratype, ♀ (NHRS-HEVA000008606). F. O. inclinans Johansson sp. nov., holotype, ♀ (NHRS-HEVA000008667). G–H. Apical hind tarsal segments dorsal view in female. G. O. parvulus. H. O. costatus Ratzeburg, 1848. I–J. Generalized punctation below antennal sockets in anterior view. I. O. confusus Johansson sp. nov., holotype, ♀ (NHRS-HEVA000008637). J. O. mocsaryi Brauns, 1889. K–L. Posterior segments of female metasoma lateral view. K. O. areolaris Brauns, 1889. L. O. ocellaris Ulbricht, 1926. M. Central flagellomeres in female of O. brevicornis Morley, 1915. N–O. Basal flagellomeres. N. O. confusus Johansson sp. nov., holotype, ♀ (NHRS-HEVA000008637). O. O. mocsaryi.

Fig.13.A.Right forewingOphiontenuicornisJohanssonsp.nov.,paratype,♀(NHRS-HEVA000008743), the evenly curved radius arrowed. B. Pterostigma O. autumnalis Johansson sp. nov., holotype, ♀ (NHRS-HEVA000008620). C. Right fore wing O. inclinans Johansson sp. nov., holotype, ♀ (NHRS- HEVA000008667), the sinous radius arrowed. D. Pterostigma O. kevoensis Jussila, 1965. E–F. Hind wing nervellus, interception of discoidella arrowed. E. O. brocki Johansson sp. nov., paratype, ♀ (NHRS- HEVA000008633). F. O. splendens Johansson sp. nov., paratype, ♀ (NHRS-HEVA000008708).

Fig. 16. A–B. Right fore wing. A. Ophion scutellaris Thomson, 1888. B. O. wuestneii Kriechbaumer, 1882. C–D. Right hind femur of female, lateral view. C. O. wuestneii. D. O. inclinans Johansson sp. nov., holotype, ♀ (NHRS-HEVA000008667). E–F. Head, anterior view of female. E. Ophion kevoensis Jussila, 1965. F. Ophion broadi Johansson sp. nov. paratype, ♀ (NHRS-HEVA000008950).

Fig. 19. Head in anterior and lateral view of female. A‒B. Ophion vardali Johansson sp. nov., paratype, ♀ (NHRS-HEVA000008748). C‒D. O. inclinans Johansson sp. nov., holotype, ♀ (NHRS- HEVA000008667). E‒F. O. pteridis Kriechbaumer, 1879.

Fig. 10. Generalized carination of propodeum in females, posterodorsal view. A. Ophion luteus (Linnaeus, 1758)/O. scutellaris Thomson, 1888/O. obscuratus Fabricius, 1792. B. O. costatus Ratzeburg, 1848. C. O. brocki Johansson sp. nov., paratype, ♀ (NHRS-HEVA000008633). D. O. confusus Johansson sp. nov., holotype, ♀ (NHRS-HEVA000008637). E. O. crassicornis Brock, 1982. F. O. artemisiae Boie, 1855. G. O. ellenae Johansson sp. nov., paratype, ♀ (NHRS-HEVA000008655). H. O. perkinsi Brock, 1982. I. O. ocellaris Ulbricht, 1926. J. O. areolaris Brauns, 1889. K. O. dispar Brauns, 1895. L. O. tenuicornis Johansson sp. nov., paratype, ♀ (NHRS-HEVA000008743). M. O. longigena Thomson, 1888. N. O. brevicornis Morley, 1915. O. O. forticornis Morley, 1915.

Fig. 5. Phylogeny of Ophion inclinans Johansson sp. nov. and Ophion arenarius Johansson sp. nov. (BIN. BOLD: AAH1753) as obtained from cytochrome oxidase 1 (COI) sequences. Maximum likelihood tree is shown with clade support based on 150 bootstrap iterations using the General Time Reversible model and analysed with MEGA-X. The sample ids “NJBC” refer to the BOLD database.