Scaptodrosophila coracina species group

Liu, Yi-Qin & Chen, Hong-Wei, 2018, The genus Scaptodrosophila Duda part II: the coracina species group from East Asia, with morphological and molecular evidence (Diptera, Drosophilidae), ZooKeys 736, pp. 119-148 : 122-123

Scaptodrosophila coracina species group

Scaptodrosophila coracina species group Mather 1955: 550; Bock 1982: 70; van Klinken 1997: 424.

Diagnosis

(modified from Bock 1982 and van Klinken 1997). Body yellowish brown to black; arista with three or four dorsal and two ventral branches in addition to terminal bifurcation; facial carina narrow and flat; prescutellar setae usually large, as long as anterior dorsocentral setae; hypandrium usually with a pair of very large paramedian setae.

Description.

Male and female: Head (Figs 3 - 7A, B ): Eyes red to brownish red. Ocellar triangle yellowish brown to brown, mostly with three pairs of setae above ocellar setae. Frons narrower than 1/2 width of head, with a few minute setulae medially. Anterior reclinate orbital setae usually outside and close to proclinate orbital setae; posterior reclinate orbital seta larger than others. Face usually yellowish brown to black. Clypeus mostly yellowish brown to brown. Palpus usually yellowish brown. Vibrissa prominent; subvibrissal setae small. Gena and postgena narrow.

Thorax (Figs 3 - 7C-F ): Mesonotum yellowish brown to black, sometimes with longitudinal stripe(s). Postpronotal lobe mostly yellowish to dark brown, with three long setae, and a few of shorter setae. Acrostichal setulae mostly in ca. eight to ten regular rows. Pleura mostly yellowish brown to dark brown. One small proepisternal seta. Katepisternum medially with three large setae and some small ones. Scutellum yellowish brown to black. Wing hyaline, sometimes infuscate. Basal medial-cubital crossvein absent. R4+5 nearly parallel with M1 distally. Halter mostly white to yellowish. Legs mostly yellowish brown to black.

Abdomen (Figs 3 - 7C-F ): Tergites usually yellowish brown to black, with dark brown caudal bands.

Male terminalia (Figs 8 - 16A-D ): Epandrium usually pubescent, with several setae around anteroventral corner to posterior margin. Surstylus with a row of peg-like prensisetae long caudal margin, several setae on outer and inner surfaces. Cercus separated from epandrium, pubescent, and setigerous. Hypandrium pale brown. Paramere with several sensilla. Gonopods fused with each other, broadened to hood-shaped. Aedeagus bilobed subbasally.

Female terminalia (Figs 8 , 9 , 11 , 15 , 16E ): Oviscapt mostly yellowish brown to brown, usually broadened subapically in lateral view, and with numerous peg-like ovisensilla.

In the following individual species descriptions, only characters that depart from the above description are provided for brevity.

Figures

Figure 3. Frontal, dorsal, and lateral views of male. Scaptodrosophila coracina from Okinawa, Japan (A, C, E) and Guizhou, China (B, D, F). Scale bars: 0.5 mm.

Figure 7. Frontal, dorsal, and lateral views of male. Scaptodrosophila ventriobscurata sp. n. (A, C, E); S. zebrina sp. n. (B, D, F). Scale bars: 0.5 mm.

Figure 8. Scaptodrosophila coracina (Kikkawa & Peng, 1938). A and B epandrium (epand), surstylus (sur), and cercus (cerc) (posterior and lateral views, respectively) C and D hypandrium (hypd), parameres (pm), gonopods (gon), aedeagus (aed), and aedeagal apodeme (aed a) (ventral and lateral views, respectively) E oviscapt (lateral view). Scale bars: 0.1 mm.

Figure 9. Scaptodrosophila fuscilimba sp. n. A and B epandrium, surstylus, and cercus (posterior and lateral views) C and D hypandrium, parameres, gonopods, aedeagus, and aedeagal apodeme (ventral and lateral views, respectively) E oviscapt (lateral view). Scale bars: 0.1 mm.

Figure 11. Scaptodrosophila helvpecta sp. n. A and B epandrium, surstylus, and cercus (posterior and lateral views) C and D hypandrium, parameres, gonopods, aedeagus, and aedeagal apodeme (ventral and lateral views, respectively) E oviscapt (lateral view). Scale bars: 0.1 mm.

Figure 15. Scaptodrosophila ventriobscurata sp. n. A and B epandrium, surstylus, and cercus (posterior and lateral views) C and D hypandrium, parameres, gonopods, aedeagus, and aedeagal apodeme (ventral and lateral views, respectively) E oviscapt (lateral view). Scale bars: 0.1 mm.

Figure 16. Scaptodrosophila zebrina sp. n. A and B epandrium, surstylus, and cercus (posterior and lateral views) C and D hypandrium, parameres, gonopods, aedeagus, and aedeagal apodeme (ventral and lateral views, respectively) E oviscapt (lateral view). Scale bars: 0.1 mm.