Anadolua moli Şirin, Sevgili and Taylan, 2024

Şirin, Deniz, Taylan, Mehmet Sait, Sevgili, Hasan, Akyildiz, Dilan Hevra & Güngör, Oğuzhan, 2024, A revision of Anadolua (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Tettigoniinae) based on morphological and bioacoustic characters: Newly confirmed data suggesting a new synonym and two new species, Zootaxa 5529 (2), pp. 201-244 : 231-233

publication ID	https://doi.org/ 10.11646/zootaxa.5529.2.1
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:3117C020-E488-4791-A629-4357194BEDEC
DOI	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14022230
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/A00ACE79-FFFD-8144-35FD-FB24FDCCFBCC
treatment provided by	Plazi
scientific name	Anadolua moli Şirin, Sevgili and Taylan
status	sp. nov.

Treatment

Anadolua moli Şirin, Sevgili and Taylan , sp. nov.

Distribution: Specimens belongs population of new species have been collected only from the Konya, AkŞehir, Sultandağ Mountains ( Fig. 21A View FIGURE 21 ).

Holotype: Male (deposited in alcohol, NKUEM). Türkiye, Konya: AkŞehir, Dereçine , Sultandağı Mountain , N 38.653945, E 31.315380, 1912 m N.N., 08.VIII.2022, 5 males (including holotype) and 6 females, leg.: D. Sirin, H. Sevgili & M.S. Taylan. GoogleMaps

Description. Head equal width with pronotum in both sexes. Fastigium slightly wider than scapus in male and distinct wider than scapus in female. Maximum width of fastigium / Maximum width of scapus 1.0– 1.40 in male, 1.27–1.43 in female. A black band between the eyes present. Disk of pronotum with hourglass shape and surface weakly flattened in prozona but distinctly flattened in metazona, and also with a deep transverse depression behind the middle, and its posterior edge is broadly rounded. Maximum distance between lateral carinae / minimum distance between lateral carinae 2.47–2.64 in male, 2.17–2.54 in female. The median carinae is absent or slightly distinct, and the lateral carinae is prominent as round in the second part of the metazona. Hind femur long, its length 4.25–5.0 times of its maximum width in male 4.76–5.68 in female. Male tegmina micropterous form and barely reaches the end of second abdominal tergite; female tegmina is the squamipterous not touching and only slightly protruding beyond posterior margin of pronotum. The speculum is in quadriform shape (generally trapezoidal), and, usually, no lateral vein development occurs. Costal vein absent or very weak; subcostal vein is not reach to the apex, parallel to radial vein, and generally, they may merge with radial vein near the apex. Medial vein sinuate at the apex and usually has a dichotomy at the ¾ from the base ( Fig. 4L View FIGURE 4 ). Male cercus short (1.3–1.5 mm), shorter than half of anterior femur, with a strong tooth near the middle of it or just before ( Fig. 9L View FIGURE 9 ), with internal tooth; last tergite of male with a wide excision, which nearly divides the plate in two lobes ( Fig. 5L View FIGURE 5 ). Subgenital plate with a deep deltoid excision ( Fig. 7L View FIGURE 7 ). Female subgenital plate large, with a distinct angled excision, and a diamond like depression at the base of plate ( Fig. 8J View FIGURE 8 ). Basal arms of titillator spineless, while the apical arms bear a small number of spines near the tip ( Fig. 11L View FIGURE 11 ). Ovipositor longer than 20 mm, straight. Males mostly blackish brown or dark yellowish dorsally and brownish or yellowish ventrally in their general appearance. Although the colour of females is similar to that of males, they generally have lighter tones. Male and female individuals usually have a pattern of brownish and/or blackish spots on their bodies on a grey background. Some individuals with yellowish and/or dirty yellowish body colour may not have spot patterns. The tegmina from base to apex is dark in colour up to nearly 1/2 part of it and the rest of it is yellowish or brownish (Figure Tegmina). The entire leg colour matches the general body colour and pattern.

Descriptive diagnosis. Anadolua moli sp. nov. is a member of Anadolua . Among the specimens of this species, it shares similarities with A. schwarzi Ramme, 1939 . The new species shows similarity to A. schwarzi with several characters, longest femur, and teeth shape of stridulatory file in male and longest ovipositor ( Table 3 View TABLE 3 , Figs. 12 View FIGURE 12 , 19C View FIGURE 19 , 20 View FIGURE 20 ). Also, these characters can separate both A. moli sp. nov. and A. schwarzi from all other Anadolua species. A . moli sp. nov. differs prominently from others by its distinctive morphological and bioacustical characters. Male cercus length in between 1.3 and 1.4 mm and it is the shortest cercus length in genus (1.6–1.9 mm in A. schwarzi , 2.2.– 2.4 mm in A. bergeri sp. nov., and 2.9 mm in A. davisi ). The length of hind femur generally slightly shorter than A. schwarzi ( Table 3 View TABLE 3 ), and ratio hind femur/cercus ranges between 12.5 and 14.4 mm (5.2 mm in A. davisi , 9.2–12.0 mm in A. schwarzi , and 7.0– 8.2 mm in A. bergeri sp. nov.). The phrase content of A. moli sp. nov. and A. schwarzi are very similar differing from that of A. bergeri sp. nov., whereas, the phrase of A. moli sp. nov. with its double syllables group series differs from A. schwarzi which has triple syllables group series. There are additional morphological and bioacoustical diagnostic characters in the keys as well.

Coloration: The intra-population colour variation of this species, of which only one population is known, almost completely coincides with the colour scale of nine different populations of A. schwarzi (Apppendix 8). Measurements (mm). Holotype: Measurements (mm): Body length: 22.0, Pronotum: 6.32, Cercus: 1.28, Hind femur: 18.0 ( Table 3 View TABLE 3 ).

Etymology. Named after Turkish Orthopterist Abbas Mol, who has done outstanding works on the Orthoptera fauna of Turkey.

Remarks. The distribution of the population is close to A. rammei which was synonymized to A. burri by Ünal (2018). A. rammei was described by Karabağ (1952) based on the paratype of A. schwarzi , which was a single female. The female characters mentioned by Karabağ (1952) appear to be variational when we have examined large populations of the genus in our study. The synonym process made by Ünal (2018) seems correct. A. moli sp. nov. is clearly separated from other species in the genus both morphologically and bioacustically.

IUCN status proposal. This species has not been assessed for the IUCN Red List (2023-1). The distribution of the A. moli is restricted and its habitats are strongly under the threat of anthropogenic effects such as camping areas, picnic areas, hiking routes, and overgrazing. The species should be considered of a Critically Endangered (B1ab (iii+v)) status on the basis of the extent of occurrence criteria of IUCN (https://www.iucnredlist.org/).

Description of song: Twenty calling song recordings of three males have been examined. The male calling song consists of quite variable phrases in duration, just as in A. schwarzi species ( Fig. 21B, C View FIGURE 21 ). The phrase structure is similar to the A. schwarzi species song type, with some differences, and consists of double syllables group series. Phrase duration varies between 3.12 s and 17.21 s (6.63 ± 3.14 s). Each phrase contains variable number (31–167) double syllables group. The phrase usually starts with a low amplitude syllable group series ranging from 3 to 7 and continues and lasts with a similar amplitude syllable group series. In a double syllables group, syllable durations are quite similar, and the amplitude of the calling song varies and the first syllable with almost low amplitude according to second syllable. Oscillographic analyses show that the period durations of the double syllables group vary between 87.7 and 164.2 ms (104.1 ± 13.5). The durations of the first and second syllables in the double syllables group vary between 23.2–47.4 ms (28.5 ± 4.64) and 28.5–43.0 ms (32.5 ± 3.52), respectively. Each syllable shows a standard structure, formulated as a short and quite indistinct soft opening hemisyllable + loud closing hemisyllable ( Fig. 21D View FIGURE 21 ). Each closing hemisyllable begins with a low amplitude, reaches the highest level at approximately the midpoint, and lasts by decreasing in amplitude after this point. The spectral analysis shows that Delta and Peak frequencies of the first low amplitude syllable group vary between 23.96 and 41.89 kHz (30.43 ± 4.73) for Delta and between 18.75 and 31.50 kHz (25.24 ± 3.98) for Peak. Delta and Peak frequencies of the Phrase syllable group (except first one) vary between 27.67 and 42.73 kHz (37.05 ± 4.25) for Delta and between 18.38 and 35.63 kHz (25.27 ± 4.13) for Peak ( Table 7 View TABLE 7 ).