Eriauchenius andriamanelo, Wood, Hannah M. & Scharff, Nikolaj, 2017

Wood, Hannah M. & Scharff, Nikolaj, 2017, A review of the Madagascan pelican spiders of the genera Eriauchenius O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1881 and Madagascarchaea gen. n. (Araneae, Archaeidae), ZooKeys 727, pp. 1-96 : 1

Eriauchenius andriamanelo sp. n. Figs 3, 29

Type material.

Male holotype: Madagascar, Antsiranana Prov., Parc National Montagne d’Ambre, 3.6 km 235° SW of Joffreville, 12°32'4"S, 49°10'46"E, 925 m, 20-26 Jan 2001, montane rainforest, general collection, day. Coll. J.J. Rafanomezantsoa et al. (deposited in CAS; CASENT9002806).

Other material examined.

MADAGASCAR: Female paratype, same data as holotype, but collected by L.J. Boutin (CASENT9000729); 1M,1F,1Juv, same data as paratype (CASENT9000728); 1M,1Juv, same data as paratype, but collected by beating and sweeping forest understory; 1M, same data as holotype, but by beating low vegetation, EB17 (CASENT9006679); 8M,2F,2Juv Antsiranana, Parc National Montagne d’Ambre, 2.79 air km NE park entrance, 12°32'S, 49°10'E, 1000 m, 21-30 Nov 1993, forest, J. Coddington, C. Griswold, N. Scharff, S. Larcher, R. Andriamasimanana (CASENT9010067, CASENT9010069, CASENT9046597, CASENT9046588, CASENT9046591, CASENT9046580, CASENT9010070); 1M, Antsiranana, Réserve Spéciale d’Ambre, 3.5 km 235° SW Sakaramy, 12°28'8"S, 49°14'32"E, 325m, 26-31 Jan 2001, L.J. Boutin (CASENT9000786); 1M, Antsiranana, Montagne d’Ambre, 12°30'57"S, 49°11'4"E, 12 Aug 1992, V. & B. Roth (CASENT9010068); 1M,1F,1Juv, Park National Montagne d’Ambre, 1.2 km 184° S Joffreville, 12°31'53.5"S, 49°10'36.8"E, 1000-1200 m, 14-20 Dec 2005, montane rainforest, general collecting day and night, H. Wood, H. Raholiarisendra, J. Rabemahafaly (USNMENT01377255, USNMENT01377256, USNMENT01377257); 1M,1Juv, Antsiranana, Parc National Montagne d’Ambre, 12.2 km 211° SSW Joffreville, 12°35'47"S, 49°9'34"E, 1300 m, 2-7 Feb 2001, montane rainforest, general collecting day, J.J. Rafanomezantsoa et al. (CASENT9004508); 2M,2Juv, Antsiranana, Nosy Be, Réserve Naturelle Intégrale de Lokobe, 6.3 km 112° ESE Hellville, 13°25'10"S, 48°19'52"E, 30 m, 19-24 Mar 2001, rainforest, general collecting night, J.J. Rafanomezantsoa et al. (CASENT9003299); 1F, Antsiranana, Nosy Be, Réserve Naturelle Intégrale de Lokobe, 6.3 km 112° ESE Hellville, 13°25'10"S, 48°19'52"E, 30 m, 19-24 Mar 2001, rainforest, general collecting day, J.J. Rafanomezantsoa et al. (CASENT9003265); 1F,4Juv, Antsiranana, Nosy Be, Réserve Naturelle Intégrale de Lokobe, 6.3 km 112° ESE Hellville, 13°25'10"S, 48°19'52"E, 30 m, 19-24 Mar 2001, rainforest, EC30 beating low vegetation, J.J. Rafanomezantsoa et al. (CASENT9003228); 1M, Antsiranana, Nosy Be, Lokobe Forest, 13°24'58.8"S, 48°18'26.5"E, 11-14 Aug 1992, V & B Roth (CASENT9010071); 1F, Antsiranana, Nosy Be, Reserve Naturelle Integrale de Lokobe, 3.61 km ESE Hellville, 13°24'31.4"S, 48°18'9.8"E, 0-50 m, 9-11 Dec 2005, rainforest, general collecting day and night, two feet off ground on vegetation, H. Wood, H. Raholiarisendra (USNMENT01377258); 1M,3F, Antsiranana, Réserve Spéciale de l’Ankarana, 22.9 km 224° SW Anivorano Nord, 12°54'32"S, 49°6'35"E, 80 m, 10-16 Feb 2001, tropical dry forest, EF28, beating low vegetation, Fisher, Griswold et al. (CASENT9007025, CASENT9007026); 1M,2Juv, Antsiranana, Ampasindava, Forêt d’Ambilanivy, 3.9 km 181°S Ambaliha, 13°47'55"S, 48°9'42"E, 600 m, 4-9 Mar 2001, rainforest, general collecting night, J.J. Rafanomezantsoa et al. (CASENT9002367, CASENT9002369); 1F, Antsiranana, Ampasindava, Forêt d’Ambilanivy, 3.9 km 181°S Ambaliha, 13°47'55"S, 48°9'42"E, 600 m, 4-9 Mar 2001, rainforest, EC30 beating low vegetation, Fisher, Griswold et al. (CASENT9007370); 2M,3F, Antsiranana, Forêt d’Anabohazo, 21.6 km 247° WSW of Maromandia, 14°18'32"S, 47°54'52"E, 120 m, 11-16 Mar 2001, tropical dry forest, EF28, beating low vegetation, Fisher, Griswold et al. (CASENT9007495, CASENT9007494, CASENT9007496); 2F, Antsiranana, Forêt d’Anabohazo, 21.6 km 247° WSW of Maromandia, 14°18'32"S, 47°54'52"E, 120 m, 11-16 Mar 2001, tropical dry forest, general collecting night, J.J. Rafanomezantsoa et al. (CASENT9002561, CASENT9002562); 2M,1F,3Juv, Antsiranana, Forêt d’Anabohazo, 21.6 km 247° WSW of Maromandia, 14°18'32"S, 47°54'52"E, 120 m, 11-16 Mar 2001, tropical dry forest, EF28, beating low vegetation, J.J. Rafanomezantsoa et al. (CASENT9003125); 2M,1F, Antsiranana, Réserve Spéciale de l’Ankarana, 13.6 km 192° SSW Anivorana Nord, 12°51'49"S, 49°13'33"E, 210 m, 16-20 Feb 2001, tropical dry forest, beating low vegetation, Fisher, Griswold et al. (CASENT9001532); 2M,1F, Mahajanga, Parc National d’Ankarafantsika, Forêt de Tsimaloto, 18.3 km 46° NE de Tsaramandroso, 16°13'41"S, 46°8'37"E, 135m, 2- 8 Apr 2001, tropical dry forest, EF28, beating low vegetation, Fisher, Griswold, J.J. Rafanomezantsoa et al. (CASENT9007694, CASENT9002864); 1F, Mahajanga, Parc National d’Ankarafantsika, Ampijoroa Station Forestière, 40 km 306° NW Andranofasika, 16°19'15"S, 46°48'38"E, 130 m, 26 Mar - 1 Apr 2001, tropical dry forest, EF28, beating low vegetation, Fisher, Griswold et al. (CASENT9007562); 1M, Mahajanga, Réserve Spéciale de Bemarivo, 23.8 km 223° SW Besalampy, 16°55'30"S, 44°22'06"E, 30 m, 19-23 Nov 2002, tropical dry forest, general collecting day, Fisher, Griswold et al. (CASENT9017961); 1M,2F,1Juv, same as previous except EF28, beating low vegetation, (CASENT9017958); 3M,2F, same as previous except general collecting night (CASENT9017991); 2Juv, same as previous except general collecting, beating and puffing spiders (CASENT9018002).

Etymology.

The specific name is a noun in apposition and commemorates King Andriamanelo, the founder of the Merina Kingdom.

Diagnosis.

Males and females are considered part of the " workmani group" based on having a single dorsal protuberance on the abdomen (a triangular shaped abdomen). Males are distinguished from all other species in the " workmani group" by the tip of the conductor, which is divided into two separate sclerotized processes (Fig. 3E, H, K), and by the hook shaped MA (Fig. 3C). Females are distinguished from all other species in the " workmani group" by the presence of a heavily sclerotized “T” shaped structure on the posterior of the bursa (Fig. 3B, L).

Description.

Male holotype (CASENT9002806). Total length 4.57, carapace 1.69 long, 1.52 wide. Abdomen 2.61 long, 2.50 high, with a dorsal hump. Carapace tilt angle 81.5°, tilt height (CtH) 4.20, constriction 0.55, head length 1.88, neck length 2.29. CtH divided by carapace length 2.49. Cephalon with AME on a large bulge and 4 post-ocular protrusions on the apex of the cephalon (Fig. 3A), each provided with a short modified spine at the tip. Chelicerae 4.25 long, and with spine 0.72 from base of chelicerae (Fig. 3A). Femur I 10.0 long. Sternum 1.20 long, 0.64 wide. Carapace, chelicerae, sternum and femora I & II reddish dark brown with many white setae. All coxae yellowish brown and legs III & IV yellowish brown, with darker annulations on tibiae and metatarsi. Abdomen mottled brown and beige, with tufts of white setae and white book-lung covers (Fig. 3A). Pedipalpal tegulum of the " workmani group" form, with apical conductor encircling a pit-like cavity (Fig. 3 C–K). Conductor tip divided into two separate sclerotized processes (Fig. 3K, arrows). MA relatively short, and hook-shaped (Fig. 3C). Embolus similar to other " workmani group" species, being broad and complex with the sperm duct opening in the middle and sclerotization only at the tip (Fig. 3 D–K).

Female paratype (CASENT9003265). Total length 4.61, carapace 1.55 long, 1.37 wide. Abdomen 2.83 long, 3.52 wide, with dorsal hump. Carapace tilt angle 79.8°, tilt height (CtH) 4.21, constriction 0.47, head length 1.52, neck length 2.32. CtH divided by carapace length 2.72. Cephalon as in male. Chelicerae 4.09 long, and with spine 0.57 from base of chelicerae. Femur I 6.59 long. Sternum 1.02 long, 0.55 wide. Colours as in male. Female genitalia with sclerotized plate and bursa pores similar to other " workmani group" species, however, having a “T” shaped sclerotized structure on the posterior of the bursa (Fig. 3B, L).

Variation.

Total length 3.98-5.17 (males; n=5), 4.47-5.31 (females; n=5); Carapace length 1.58-1.97 (males; n=5), 1.55-1.90 (females; n=5); Femur I 5.38-6.48 times the length of carapace in males (n=5) and 3.80-4.25 times the length of carapace in females (n=5). CtH divided by carapace length 2.35-2.85 in males (n=5) and 2.13-2.72 in females (n=5). Average femur I length 10.44 (males; n=5), 6.89 (females; n=5).

Natural history.

Specimen were collected in montane rainforest, rainforest and tropical dry forest, by beating low vegetation, by beating and sweeping forest understory, and by general collecting day and night. Specimens occur from 30-1300 m in elevation.

Distribution.

Northern to central western Madagascar (Fig. 29).