Anillinus loweae Sokolov & Carlton, 2004

Harden, Curt W. & Caterino, Michael S., 2024, Systematics and biogeography of Appalachian Anillini, and a taxonomic review of the species of South Carolina (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Trechinae, Anillini), ZooKeys 1209, pp. 69-197 : 69-197

Anillinus loweae Sokolov & Carlton, 2004

Figs 2 O , 21 Q , 24 N , 38 , 39 B

Anillinus dunavani Jeannel 1963: 76; Barr 1995: 245.

Anillinus loweae Sokolov & Carlton, 2004: 218.

Material examined.

Holotype male ( USNM), point mounted, not dissected, labeled “ USA: NC: Haywood Co., GSMNP, Cataloochee Divide Trail near Purchase , UTM 311819 E 3940339 N C. Carlton 17 July 2002 ” “ HOLOTYPE Anillinus loweae sp. n. Sokolov and Carlton des 2003 ”

Other material

(n = 244). USA • Georgia (new state record) • 2 ♂, 1 ♀; Rabun Co.; Chattahoochee National Forest, Rabun Cliffs ; 34.9707, - 83.3008; 25 Nov. 2019; M. S. Caterino leg.; CWH- 280 to CWH- 282, CUAC 000168354 to CUAC 000168356 ; • North Carolina • 1 ♀; Canton Co.; Art Loeb Trail ; 35.3957, - 82.8690; 15 Jul. 2015; S. Myers leg.; MSC- 2462, CUAC 000185782 ; • 1 ♂; Haywood Co.; Pisgah National Forest, Mount Hardy summit ; 35.3036, - 82.9274; 8 Sep. 2020; C. W. Harden leg. ; • 1 ♂, 1 ♀; Haywood Co.; Pisgah National Forest, Black Balsam Knob ; 35.327, - 82.874; 20 Oct. 2020; M. S. Caterino leg. ; • 14 ♂, 15 ♀; Haywood Co.; Mount Pisgah ; 35.4250, - 82.7529; 10 Aug. 2021; M. Caterino and A. Haberski leg. ; • 1 ♂; same data as previous; CWH- 477, CUAC 000066797 ; • 6 ♂, 9 ♀; Haywood Co.; Great Smoky Mountains National Park, Cataloochee Divide ; 35.5859, - 83.0815; 8 Jun. 2020; B. Camper leg. ; • 6 ♂, 9 ♀; Haywood Co.; Great Smoky Mountains National Park, Cataloochee Divide ; 35.5865, - 83.0811; 8 Jun. 2020; B. Camper leg. ; • 1 ♂; Haywood Co.; Great Smoky Mountains National Park, Cataloochee area , Rough Fork Trail ; 35.610, - 83.117; 29 Jul. 2002; C. Carlton leg.; NCSU _ENT 00293718 ; • 1 ♂; Haywood / Jackson Cos.; Waterrock Knob ; 35.46, - 83.13; 30 May 2001; R. Davidson leg. ; • 2 ♂, 3 ♀; Jackson Co.; Whiteside Mountain, near Highlands ; 35.083, - 83.138; 25 May 2014; T. Lawton leg.; TLc ; • 2 ♂; Jackson Co.; Toxaway Mountain ; 35.132, - 82.982; 5 Aug. 2020 ; • 13 ♂, 10 ♀; same data as previous; 13 Oct. 2020 ; • 1 ♂; Jackson Co.; Balsam Mountain Preserve ; 35.3008, - 83.0971; 20 Jul. 2016; M. Caterino and L. Vasquez leg.; CUAC 000055510 ; • 1 ♂; Jackson Co.; Blue Ridge Parkway, Rough Butt Overlook ; 35.3039, - 82.9429; 27 Jun. 2018; K. E. Schnepp leg.; KESc ; • 1 ♂; Jackson Co.; Blue Ridge Parkway, Cowee Mountain Overlook ; 35.3556, - 82.9888; 27 Jun. 2018; K. E. Schnepp leg.; KESc ; • 2 ♂; Jackson Co.; Balsam Mountain Preserve ; 35.3681, - 83.1036; 17 Jun. 2015; S. Myers leg.; SSM 236 and SSM 237, CUAC 000185547 and CUAC 185548 ; • 1 ♀; Jackson Co.; Balsam Mountain Preserve ; 35.3703, - 83.1216; 17 Jun. 2015; S. Myers leg.; SSM 412, CUAC 000185549 ; • 2 ♂; Jackson Co.; Balsam Mountain Preserve ; 35.3772, - 83.0921; 17 Jun. 2015; S. Myers leg.; SSM 229 and SSM 231, CUAC 000185545 and CUAC 000185546 ; • 1 ♀; Jackson Co.; Balsam Mountain Preserve ; 35.3808, - 83.0971; 17 Jun. 2015; S. Myers leg.; SSM 413, CUAC 000185550 ; • 2 ♂, 1 ♀; Jackson Co.; Balsam Mountain Preserve ; 35.3869, - 83.1507; 16 Jun. 2015; S. Myers leg.; CWH- 135 to CWH- 137, CUAC 000168348 to CUAC 000168350 ; • 3 ♂, 4 ♀; Jackson Co.; Balsam ; 35.42, - 83.08; 17 Jul. [no year]; OSUC 442495 to OSUC 442501 ; OSUC ; • 3 ♂; Jackson Co.; Tennessee Mt [sic]; 18 May 1972; J. Hunter leg; NCSU _ENT 00293720 to NCSU _ENT 00293722 ; • 1 ♀; Macon Co.; Highlands ; 35.05, - 83.19; 24 Jul. 1962; R. C. and A. Graves leg.; NCSU ; • 3 ♂, 3 ♀; Macon Co.; 1 mi northwest of Highlands ; 35.061, - 83.217; 24 Aug. 1981; J. Pakaluk leg.; NCSU ; • 1 ♀; Macon Co.; 1.5 mi northwest of Highlands ; 35.063, - 83.174; 2 Jul. 1983; J. Pakaluk leg.; NCSU ; • 6 ♂, 4 ♀; Macon Co.; 2.5 mi northwest of Highlands ; 35.072, - 83.230; 30 Jun. 1983; NCSU ; • 1 ♂, 1 ♀; Macon Co.; Nantahala National Forest, trail to Cliffside Lake near Highway 28 ; 35.0745, - 83.2390; 2 Jul. 2020; C. W. Harden and L. M. Thompson leg.; CWH- 210 and CWH- 211, CUAC 000168351 and CUAC 000168352 ; • 4 ♀; Macon Co.; Jones Gap ; 35.0841, - 83.29786; 28 Jul. 2015; S. Myers leg.; SSM 163 to SSM 166, CUAC 000185542 to CUAC 000185544 and CUAC 000185903 ; • 1 ♂, 1 ♀; Swain Co.; Great Smoky Mountains National Park, Double Springs Gap ; 35.5646, - 83.5447; 3 Jun. 2020; S. Bewick leg.; CUAC ; • 3 ♂; Swain Co.; Great Smoky Mountains National Park, Double Springs Gap ; 35.5649, - 83.5447; 3 Jun. 2020; B. Camper leg.; CUAC ; • 1 ♂; Swain Co.; Great Smoky Mountains National Park, Newfound Gap ; 35.6103, - 83.4285; 29 Sep. 2020; C. W. Harden; CUAC ; • 10 ♀; Transylvania Co.; Sassafras Mountain ; 35.0656, - 82.7776; 11 Jun. 2020; CUAC ; • 8 ♂, 19 ♀; Transylvania Co.; Sassafras Mountain ; 35.0657, - 82.7757; 20 Oct. 2020; F. Etzler and P. Wooden leg.; CUAC ; • 1 ♂; Transylvania Co.; Sassafras Mountain ; 35.0658, - 82.7763; 20 Oct. 2020; F. Etzler and P. Wooden leg.; CWH- 371, CUAC 000168357 ; • 2 ♂, 11 ♀; same data as previous ; • 1 ♂, 3 ♀; Transylvania Co.; Balsam Grove ; 35.2530, - 82.9032; 11 Sep. 2019; M. S. Caterino leg.; CUAC ; • 1 ♀; Transylvania Co.; Courthouse Falls Trail ; 35.2716, - 82.8964; 23 Jul. 2015; S. Myers leg.; SSM 263, CUAC 000170596 ; • 1 ♂, 1 ♀; Transylvania Co.; Courthouse Falls Trail ; 35.2747, - 82.8902; 23 Jul. 2015; S. Myers leg.; SSM 264 and SSM 265, CUAC 000170597 and CUAC 000170598 ; • 1 ♂; Transylvania Co.; Pisgah National Forest, Sycamore Flats ; 35.2760, - 82.7120; 15 Jun. 1965; J. F. Cornell leg.; ex slime mold; NCSU ; • 1 ♂; Transylvania Co.; Blue Ridge Parkway ; 35.2871, - 82.9080; 29 May 2015; S. Myers leg.; MSC- 2456, CUAC 000185779 ; • 1 ♀; Transylvania Co.; Pisgah National Forest, Highway 215 1 mi south of Blue Ridge Parkway ; 35.2910, - 82.9133; 8 May 2018; M. S. Caterino, R. Kucuk, L. Cushman leg. ; • 1 ♂; Transylvania Co.; Near Brevard, Pisgah National Forest , Pink Bed Area , Forest Road 1206, in deer dung; 4 Aug. 2009; J. F. and T. A. D. Cornell leg.; NCSU ; • 9 ♂, 2 ♀; • same data as previous, but ex flood debris ; • Tennessee • 1 ♂; Cocke Co.; Great Smoky Mountains National Park, Albright Grove ; 35.7340, - 83.2807; 6 Aug. 2006; J. F. Cornell and S. Ranger leg.; NCSU ; • 3 ♂, 1 ♀; Sevier Co.; Great Smoky Mountains National Park, Newfound Gap ; 35.6110, - 83.4250; 17 Jul. 2003; S. O’Keefe leg.; NCSU ; • 1 ♂; Sevier Co.; Great Smoky Mountains National Park, Newfound Gap ; 35.6110, - 83.4250; 16 Jul. 2003; J. S. Ashe leg.; NCSU ; • 1 ♂; Sevier Co.; Great Smoky Mountains National Park ; 35.6125, - 83.5425; 6 Jun. 2020; B. Camper leg.; CUAC ; • 2 ♂, 1 ♀; Sevier Co.; Great Smoky Mountains National Park ; 35.6130, - 83.5427; B. Camper leg.; 6 Jun. 2020; B. Camper leg.; CUAC ; • 3 ♂; Sevier Co.; Great Smoky Mountains National Park, Mount LeConte ; 35.6382, - 83.4387; 28 Sep. 2021; M. Caterino and E. Recuero leg.; MSC- 9549, CUAC 000160000 , CUAC 000173086 and CUAC 000173087 ; CUAC & GRSM ; • 2 ♂, 2 ♀; Sevier Co.; Great Smoky Mountains National Park, Trillium Gap ; 35.6734, - 83.4338; 7 Jun. 2020; B. Camper leg.; CUAC ; • 1 ♀; Sevier Co.; Great Smoky Mountains National Park, Trillium Gap ; 35.6738, - 83.4336; 7 Jun. 2020; S. Bewick Leg.; CUAC ; • 1 ♀; Sevier Co.; Great Smoky Mountains National Park, Albright Grove ; 35.7340, - 83.2807; 4 Jun. 2020; B. Camper leg.; CUAC .

Literature records. USA • North Carolina • Haywood Co.; Blue Ridge Parkway, Woodfin Cascade ; 35.4526, - 83.0634; 28 May 1986; A. Smetana leg.; CNC ; • Haywood Co.; Great Smoky Mountains National Park, Purchase Knob ; 35.5828, - 83.0625; 20 Jul. 2002; C. E. Carlton leg.; GRSM ; • Haywood Co.; Great Smoky Mountains National Park, McKee Branch Trail ; 35.5850, - 83.0833; 14 Jul. 2002; C. E. Carlton leg.; LSAM ; • Haywood Co.; Great Smoky Mountains National Park, Rough Fork Trail upper; 35.5893, - 83.1415; 29 Jul. 2002; C. E. Carlton; LSAM ; • Haywood Co.; Great Smoky Mountains National Park, Cataloochee Divide Trail north ; 35.6113, - 83.0630; 23 Jul. 2002; C. E. Carlton leg.; GRSM ; • Haywood Co.; Great Smoky Mountains National Park, Chestnut Branch Trail ; 35.760, - 83.123; 1 Aug. 2001; A. K. Tishechkin leg.; LSAM ; • Jackson Co.; Whiteside Mountain near Highlands ; 35.0797, - 83.1412; 21 May 1986; A. Smetana leg.; CNC ; • Jackson Co.; Blue Ridge Parkway, Waterrock Overlook, Mile 452 ; 35.4607, - 83.1406; 1 Nov. 1967; J. M. and B. A. Campbell leg.; CNC ; • Macon Co.; Highway 64 near Dry Falls ; 35.0673, - 83.2385; 16 May 1986; A. Smetana leg.; CNC ; • Swain Co.; Great Smoky Mountains National Park, Flat Creek Trail ; 35.5502, - 83.1725; 31 Jul. 2001; A. K. Tishechkin leg.; LSAM ; • Swain Co.; Great Smoky Mountains National Park, Collins Picnic area, Quiet Walk ; 35.5656, - 83.3408; 20 Jul. 2002; C. E. Carlton leg.; LSAM ; • Swain Co.; Great Smoky Mountains National Park, Heintooga overlook ; 35.5727, - 83,180 7; 29 Jun. 1994; J. F. Cornell leg.; LSAM ; • Swain Co.; Great Smoky Mountains National Park, Kanati Fork Trail ; 35.5765, - 83.3745; 20 Jul. 2002; C. E. Carlton leg.; LSAM ; • Swain Co.; Great Smoky Mountains National Park, Quiet Walk, across from Kanati Fork Trail ; 35.5859, - 83.3628; 20 Jul. 2002; C. E. Carlton leg.; LSAM ; • Swain Co.; Great Smoky Mountains National Park, Deep Creek trail upper ; 35.5977, - 83.4245; 22 Jul. 2002; C. E. Carlton leg.; LSAM ; • Swain Co.; Great Smoky Mountains National Park, Kephart Prong trail ; 35.6100, - 83.3655; 20 Jul. 2003; A. K. Tishechkin; LSAM ; • Swain Co.; Great Smoky Mountains National Park, Beech Gap trail ; 35.6275, - 83.2116; 20 Oct. 2001; C. E. Carlton and A. Cline leg.; LSAM ; • Swain Co.; Great Smoky Mountains National Park, Smokemont Campground ; 35.5573, - 83.3116; 10 Jun. 1982; Y. Bousquet leg.; CNC ; • Transylvania Co.; Pisgah National Forest, along Forest Road 215 ; 35.166, - 82.840; 4 Mar. 1997; C. E. Carlton leg.; LSAM ; • South Carolina • Pickens Co.; Sassafras Mountain ; • Tennessee • Cocke Co.; Great Smoky Mountains National Park, Albright Grove Trail ; 35.7361, - 83.2791; 19 Oct. 2001; C. E. Carlton, A. Cline, A. Tishechkin leg.; LSAM ; • Cocke Co.; Great Smoky Mountains National Park, Gabes Mountain Trail at Hen Wallow Falls ; 35.7586, - 83.2381; 19 Jul. 2002; C. E. Carlton leg.; LSAM ; • Sevier Co.; Great Smoky Mountains National Park; Chimneys Picnic Area nature trail ; 35.6350, - 83.4958; 30 Jun. 2001; C. E. Carlton, A. Tishechkin, V. Moseley leg.; LSAM ; • Sevier Co.; Great Smoky Mountains National Park, Roaring Fork area , Rainbow Falls Trail ; 35.6614, - 83.4608; 1 Aug. 2002; C. E. Carlton leg.; LSAM .

Diagnosis.

The male genitalia are unique within the loweae group in having a group of dark, sclerotized spines in the endophallus. The apex of the median lobe has a more prominent dorsal projection. The flagellum is slightly rotated dorsally, and is slightly sinuate, with the distal 1 / 2 nearly straight. Females (Fig. 39 B ) are similar in habitus to males, though smaller. The spermatheca is S-shaped (Fig. 21 Q ), with a deep basal bend, similar that of A. merritti . The spermathecal duct is short and not coiled.

Distribution.

The species has a relatively wide range that includes the Great Balsams, Plott Balsams, Eastern Smokies, and portions of the Southern Blue Ridge escarpment as far west as Rabun Bald in Georgia. Sassafras Mountain is the only known South Carolina occurrence (Fig. 38 ).

Sympatry.

In South Carolina, specimens have been collected in association with Serranillus dunavani . Elsewhere, the species has also been collected with A. murrayae , A. langdoni , and A. sp. “ North Carolina, Balsam Mountain. ”

Natural history.

Specimens examined were collected from sifted litter, sifted flood debris, deer dung, slime mold (Stemonitis sp.), and underneath rocks.

Notes.

Jeannel (1963 a) and Barr (1995) illustrated this species as Anillinus dunavani Jeannel , but the holotype of that species was found to be a Serranillus . See Sokolov et al (2004) for discussion. We have not seen specimens collected in South Carolina.

Figures

Figure 2. Habitus of eastern Nearctic Anillini. A Serranillus dunavani (South Carolina, Oconee Co.) B Anillinus moseleyae (Tennessee, Sevier Co.) C Anillinus dentatus (South Carolina, Abbeville Co.) D Serranillus jeanneli (South Carolina, Oconee Co.) E Anillinus folkertsioides (Alabama, Blount Co.) F Anillinus pecki (North Carolina, Avery Co.) G Anillinus sp. “ Georgia, Barnes Creek sp. 1 ” H Anillinus montrex (South Carolina, York Co.) I Anillinus sp. “ Tennessee, Kings Saltpeter Cave ” J Anillinus virginiae (Virginia, Bath Co.) K Anillinus erwini (Virginia, Grayson Co.) L Serranillus sp. (North Carolina, Graham Co.) M Anillinus sp. “ South Carolina, Waldrop Stone ” (South Carolina, Pickens Co.) N Anillinus sp. “ Alabama, Horseshoe Cave sp. 1 ” O Anillinus loweae (North Carolina, Haywood Co.) P Anillinus sp. “ Kentucky, Hestand sp. 1 ” Q Anillinus indianae (Indiana, Lawrence Co.) R Anillinus cf. barberi (West Virginia, Greenbrier Co.) S Anillinus hirsutus (Alabama, Madison Co.). Scale bar: 1 mm.

Figure 21. Spermathecae of Anillini species A, B Anillinus chandleri C Anillinus castaneus D Anillinus murrayae E Anillinus simplex F Anillinus dentatus G Anillinus sp. “ South Carolina, Coon Branch ” H Anillinus micamicus I Anillinus mica J Anillinus choestoea K Anillinus seneca L Anillinus montrex M Anillinus arenicollis N Anillinus jancae O Anillinus cf. nantahala P Anillinus cherokee Q Anillinus loweae R Anillinus merritti S Serranillus dunavani T Serranillus jeanneli. Scale bar: 0.1 mm.

Figure 24. Male ring sclerite, ventral aspect. A Anillinus chandleri B Anillinus castaneus C Anillinus sp. “ South Carolina, Chestnut Ridge ” D Anillinus murrayae E Anillinus simplex F Anillinus dentatus G Anillinus mica H Anillinus micamicus I Anillinus choestoea J Anillinus seneca K Anillinus arenicollis L Anillinus montrex M Anillinus jancae N Anillinus loweae O Anillinus cherokee P Anillinus merritti. Scale bar: 0.5 mm.

Figure 38. Distribution map of langdoni - group and loweae - group species that occur in South Carolina. Data are from Harden (2024).

Figure 39. Dorsal habitus of female Anillinus in the loweae group A Anillinus merritti, sloped-humeri form (Georgia, Rabun Bald) B Anillinus loweae (Georgia, Rabun Cliffs) C Anillinus cherokee (South Carolina, Coon Branch). Scale bars: 1 mm.