Dilacreon (Eluzalmon) transversus, Chen & Zhi, 2023

Chen, Xiang-Sheng & Zhi, Yan, 2023, Taxonomic study of the Eucarpiini (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha: Cixiidae) from China, Zootaxa 5347 (1), pp. 1-100 : 43-47

Dilacreon (Eluzalmon) transversus sp. nov.

( Figs 27‒29 )

Description. Body length: male 5.2‒5.5 mm (n = 16), female 5.4‒5.8 mm (n = 27).

Coloration. General color yellowish brown ( Fig. 27A–F ). Eyes blackish brown, ocelli light yellow, semitransparent. Vertex generally yellow. Face and rostrum yellow. Pronotum yellowish brown, mesonotum with area between lateral carinae yellowish brown, lateral areas slightly darker. Forewing yellowish brown, semi-translucent; stigma yellowish brown. Hind tibiae and abdominal sternites yellowish brown.

Head and thorax. Vertex ( Figs 27C , 28A ) broad, 2.2 times wider than long; anterior margin truncated, posterior margin archedly recessed. Frons ( Figs 27D , 28B ) widest slightly below the level of antennae, 1.2 times as long as wide; frontoclypeal suture nearly concave into an arch; middle carina complete; lateral carinae distinct and slightly elevated. Pronotum ( Figs 27C , 28A ) 2.2 times longer than vertex; median carina indistinct, posterior margin nearly at right angle. Mesonotum 1.9 times longer than pronotum and vertex combined. Forewing ( Fig. 28C ) 2.7 times longer than wide, with 10 apical and 6 subapical cells; fork Sc+RP slightly basad of fork CuA 1 +CuA 2, first crossvein r-m slightly basad of fork MP, RP two branches, MP with five terminals: MP 11, MP 12, MP 2, MP 3, and MP 4, fork MP 1 +MP 2 basad of fork MP 3 +MP 4. Metatibiotarsal formula: 6/6/8, second segment of hind tarsus with two to three platellae.

Male genitalia. Pygofer ( Fig. 28D, E ) symmetrical, dorsal margin concave and U-shaped, slightly widened towards apex and concaved medially in ventral view; in lateral view, lateral lobes arched extended caudally, medioventral process round in ventral view. Anal segment ( Fig. 28D, F ), tubular, dorsal and ventral margin almost straight, apical lobes finger-like in lateral view; 1.5 times longer than wide in dorsal view; anal style strap-shaped, beyond anal segment. Gonostyli ( Fig. 28D, E, G ) symmetrical in ventral view; in inner lateral view, base of ventral margin slightly concave, dorsal margin bending inwards in an acute angle in the middle, apical part extended, apical margin round. Aedeagus ( Fig. 28H–K ) with total of five processes. The apex of ventral margin of periandrium with a large smooth laminal protrusion, nearly triangular; the right apex with a large spinous process, basal 2/3 parallel to the periandrium, apical 1/3 bent to the left through a strong arc over the dorsal margin of periandrium; the left basal 1/3 of periandrium with a short spinous process, slightly curved and left-dorsocaudally directed. Endosoma (=flagellum) moderately sclerotised, long, generally dorsally curved. Left side with a medium-sized spinous process basally, apex left-cephalically directed; left apex with a small spinous process, slightly curved and left-ventrocephalically directed.

Female genitalia. Posterior margin of pregenital sternite concave. Tergite IX ( Fig. 29A, D ) moderately sclerotised, 1.1 times wider than long in caudal view. Anal tube ( Fig. 29A, C ) short, nearly rectangular, 1.2 times longer than wide in dorsal view; dorsal and ventral margins nearly straight in lateral view, anal styles strap-shaped. Gonapophysis VIII ( Fig. 29E ) elongate, and slightly curved upwards. Gonapophysis IX ( Fig. 29F ) with one middle tooth, at a distance ratio, between middle tooth to apex and length of denticulate portion, of 1.8. Gonoplac ( Fig. 29G ) rod-like, 3.7 times longer than wide. Posterior vagina ( Fig. 29H, I ) elongate. The sclerites located only at the base. The left and right sides of ventral wall with one small long sclerite and the left side of dorsal wall with one small round sclerite.

Type material. Holotype: ♂, CHINA: Daweishan National Nature Reserve (22°35’N, 103°20’E), Pingbian County, Yunnan Province, 8 August 2014, leg. Ying-Jian Wang; paratypes: 1♂, same data as holotype; 2♂♂ 6♀♀, same collection area as holotype, 4‒5 June 2016, leg. Ying-Jian Wang and Qiang Luo; 10♂♂ 19♀♀, same collection area as holotype, 18‒20 August 2017, leg. Yan Zhi, Qiang Luo, Nian Gong and Yong-Jin Sui; 2♂♂ 2♀♀, Gulinqing Town (22°48’N, 103°57’E), Maguan County , Yunnan Province, 1 June 2016, leg. Ying-Jian Wang and Liang-Jing Yang.

Host plant. Unknown.

Distribution. China (Yunnan).

Remarks. Male genitalia of D. (E.) transversus sp. nov. are similar to those of D. (E.) pentagonus Fennah, 1980 , but differ in: (1) the right apex with a large spinous process, apical 1/3 bent to the left through a strong arc over the dorsal margin of periandrium (the spinous processes on the right apex not bent to the left in D. (E.) pentagonus ); (2) the left basal 1/3 of periandrium with a short spinous process (the left basal 1/3 of periandrium without short spinous process in D. (E.) pentagonus ); (3) left apex of periandrium without spinous process (the latter with two long spinous processes in the same position).

Etymology. The specific name refers to the right apex of periandrium with a large transverse spinous process which bent to the left.

Genus Eucarpia Walker, 1857

Eucarpia Walker, 1857 , 1: 159.

Ptoleria Stål, 1859 , 3: 321, synonymised by Fennah, 1980.

Ambalangoda Distant, 1912 , 8: 188, synonymised by Fennah, 1980.

Type species: Eucarpia univitta Walker, 1857 (by monotypy).

Diagnosis. Body size. Medium-sized cixiid species. Body moderately compressed.

Head. Head including eyes slightly narrower than pronotum. Vertex parallel-sided or slightly widened to posterior emargination, apical margin transverse; broader than long and without subapical carina, lateral carinae slightly or moderately elevated, medium carina distinct or obsolete. Frons not markedly elongate, hollowed in basal 1/2. Frons narrowest at base, widest across or below level of antennae, lateral carinae elevated, medium carina complete or at least distinct on apical half, disc somewhat depressed on basal half. Median ocellus absent. Clypeus with strongly elevated median carina, and elevated lateral carinae.

Thorax. Pronotum short, chevron-shaped, with or without median carina, intermediate carinae finely curved. Mesonotum tricarinate. Forewing in resting position steeply tectiform, widened towards apex, with rounded or obliquely truncate apical margin, with 10‒11 apical cells, Sc+R forked basad of CuA, first crossvein MP 3+4 -CuA 1 basad of level of crossvein r-m, distinctly longer than vein MP 3+4 from MP fork to first crossvein MP 3+4 -CuA 1, and about as long as crossvein r-m, subapical cell MP with upper margin (vein MP) fine concave. Wings with simple R. Hind tibia lacking lateral spines.

Distribution. Australian, Afrotropical, Oriental and Sino-Japanese regions.

Remarks. The authors tried to obtain the type specimens of Eucarpia specialis Tsaur & Hsu, 2003 , E. stellata Tsaur & Hsu, 2003 and E. truncate Tsaur & Hsu, 2003 for examination from Taiwan Agricultural Research Institute (TARI), Department of Entomology, National Chung Hsing University (NCHU), Department of Entomology, National Taiwan University (NTU) and The Natural History Museum (BMNH), but unfortunately could not find one.

Fennah (1980) provided an identification key to the genera of the ‘ Eucarpia ’ group (now the tribe Eucarpiini ). In order to key to Eucarpia the forewing of the specimen needs to have crossvein MP 3+4 -CuA 1 basad of level of crossvein r-m, distinctly longer than MP 3+4 from MP fork to this crossvein, and about as long as crossvein r-m. The illustations of forewings of type species of Ptoleria Stål and Ambalangoda Distant , placed in synonymy under Eucarpia , confirming Fennah’s opinion. However, Tsaur and Hsu (2003) claimed otherwise, namely crossvein MP 3+4 -CuA 1 extremely short and the crossvein is located distally than level of veinlet r-m, which is inconsistent with the type species Eucarpia univitta Walker, 1857 ( Walker, 1857: Plate VIII, Fig. 3 ) and Fennah’s identification key. According to the key in Fennah and original description in Tsaur and Hsu, Eucarpia specialis , E. stellata and E. truncate most probably belong to the genera Kirbyana Distant, 1906 , Bajauana Distant, 1907 or Dilacreon Fennah, 1980 . However, some key characters such as the hindwing venation, if the vertex in same line as thorax and meeting frons abruptly rectangularly in profile horizontal and the ratio of the length between the subapical and apical segments of the rostrum are not included in descriptions made by Tsaur and Hsu. Therefore, in the future, the types should be examined or the specimens should be collected from the type locality for further study.

Figures

FIGURE 3. Dilacreon (Eluzalmon) apiculatus sp. nov., male. A. Habitus, dorsal view; B. Habitus, lateral view; C. Head and thorax, dorsal view; D. Face, ventral view; E. Head, lateral view. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.

FIGURE 27. Dilacreon (Eluzalmon) transversus sp. nov., male.A. Habitus, dorsal view; B. Habitus, lateral view; C. Head and thorax, dorsal view; D. Face, ventral view; E. Head, lateral view. F. Hindwing. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.

FIGURE 28. Dilacreon (Eluzalmon) transversus sp. nov., male. A. Head and thorax, dorsal view; B. Face, ventral view; C. Forewing; D. Genitalia, lateral view; E. Pygofer and gonostyli, ventral view; F. Anal segment, dorsal view; G. Gonostyli, inner lateral view; H. Aedeagus, right side; I. Aedeagus, left side; J. Aedeagus, dorsal view; K. Aedeagus, ventral view. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, B, D–K); 1.0 mm (C).

FIGURE 29. Dilacreon (Eluzalmon) transversus sp. nov., female.A. Genitalia, lateral view; B. Genitalia, ventral view; C.Anal segment, dorsal view; D. Tergite IX, caudal view; E. Gonapophysis VIII and gonocoxa VIII, ventral view; F. Gonapophysis IX, lateral view; G. Gonoplac, lateral view; H. Posterior vagina, ventral view; I. Posterior vagina, dorsal view. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.