Amynthas lioujia, Wang & Shih, 2017

Wang, Yu-Hsi & Shih, Hsi-Te, 2017, Figs. 17 - 21. 17 - 20 in Taxonomic Review of Zavreliella Kieffer from East Asia, Zoological Studies 56 (18), pp. 1-12 : 6-8

Amynthas lioujia n. sp.

( Fig. 3 )

urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:265FE1D5-8C28-40FE-9D79-B42C934BC689

Material examined: Holotype: 1 clitellate (NCHUZOOL 14491), Lioujia , Tainan, Taiwan, 23°13'51.2"N, 120°23'51.3"E, 139 m, 3 November 2010, collected by Y.-H. Wang et al . Paratypes: 8 clitellates (NCHUZOOL 13547) same collection data as for holotype.

Etymology: This species is named for its type locality, Lioujia District, Tainan City, Taiwan. The name is used as a noun in apposition.

Diagnosis: Size 167.2-244.9 mm. Segments 120-142. Setae regularly distributed around segmental equators; 17-25 setae between male pores. Prostomium, epolibic. First dorsal pore at 12/13 or 13/14. Clitellum annular, xiv-xvi, smooth. Female pore single on xiv. Male pores on xviii with many wrinkled edges, with 2 large round genital markings close to each pore on xviii. Spermathecal pores 3 pairs laterally at 6/7-8/9, with genital markings present in front of each pore or absent. Spermathecae three pairs in vii-ix. Seminal vesicles large in xi and xii. Prostates large in xvii-xviii, ducts thick, muscular; without copulatory pouch.

Description: External: Dimensions 167.2- 244.9 mm by 7.5-9.0 mm in x, 6.9-7.5 mm in xxx, 7.3-8.8 mm in clitellum; body cylindrical throughout, segments 120-142. Setae regularly distributed around segmental equators; 17-25 setae between male pores; setal formula AA: AB: YY: YZ = 2.2: 1: 5: 1.2 on xxv. Prostomium, epilobic. First dorsal pore at 12/13 or 13/14. Clitellum annular, xiv-xvi, smooth. Female pore single on xiv. Male pores on xviii ( Fig. 3A ).

Male pores enlarged, with many wrinkled edges, with 2 large round genital markings close to each pore on xviii ( Fig. 3A ). Spermathecal pores laterally at 6/7-8/9, with genital markings present in front of each pore or absent; 1 pair of large genital marking ventrally on viii, each pore with a slightly swollen edge between segments ( Figs. 3A, B ).

Septa, 5/6-7/8 thick, 8/9 thin, 9/10 absent, 10/11-12/13 thick, 13/14-15/16 thin; large gizzard in x. Intestinal origin from xv; lymph glands absent; typhlosole simple from xxvii, extending forward as a small ridge to xv. Intestinal caeca simple, originating in xxvii, extending anteriorly to xxiii ( Fig. 3E ). Hearts in xi-xiii.

Male sexual system holandric, testes connected at ventral side, funnels ventrally joined to sacs in x and xi. Seminal vesicles large in xi and xii, with large dorsal lobe. Prostates in xviii, 3 main lobes, prostate ducts thick, muscular; without copulatory pouch; joining vasa deferentia distal to glandular portion; vasa deferentia non-muscular ( Fig. 3D ).

Ovaries in xiii. Spermathecae paired in vii-ix, ampulla large, ball-shaped in vii-ix; diverticulum axis shorter than ampulla axis, twisted and coiled on same plane, its limbs inseparable; with mass accessory glands in viii ( Fig. 3C ).

Ecology and behavior: The vegetation of the habitat was dense and with hard loess. When stimulated, the earthworm secreted coelomic fluid from its dorsal pores as mentioned in Amynthas fusing n. sp.

Remarks: This species is similar to Amynthas binoculatus , A. fusing n. sp., and A. majia n. sp., but with some different characters. Amynthas binoculatus has a pair of large disk-like genital markings on viii and 3 large genital markings with the male pore ( Tsai et al. 1999: fig. 4A). Amynthas fusing and A. majia lack genital markings on viii, A. fusing has large C-shaped genital markings close to the male pore ( Fig. 2A ), and A. majia has a large V-shaped genital marking close to the male pore ( Fig. 4A ). Although Amynthas lioujia n. sp. has large disk-like genital markings on viii, it has 2 large round genital markings close to each male pore ( Fig. 3A ). A comparison of characters is given in table 1.

Figures

Fig. 3. Amynthas lioujia n. sp. holotype, NCHUZOOL 13547: (A) ventral view of male pores with two large genital markings on xviii; (B) lateral views of left spermathecal pores from two specimens (left, NCHUZOOL 13547; right, NCHUZOOL 13547 (no. 4)); (C) right spermathecae and accessory glands; (D) right prostate; (E) right intestinal caeca. ag, accessory gland; amp, ampulla; dv, diverticulum; fp, female pore; gm, genital marking; mp, male pore; sp, spermathecal pore. All scale bars = 1 mm.

Fig. 2. Amynthas fusing n. sp. holotype, NCHUZOOL 13542: (A) ventral view of male pores with large C-shaped genital markings on xviii; (B) left lateral view of spermathecal pores at intersegmental furrows with genital markings; (C) right spermathecae and accessory glands; (D) right prostate; (E) right intestinal caeca with vasa. ag, accessory gland; amp, ampulla; dv, diverticulum; fp, female pore; gm, genital marking; mp, male pore; sp, spermathecal pore. All scale bars =1 mm.

Fig. 4. Amynthas majia n. sp. holotype, NCHUZOOL 13548: (A) ventral view of male pores with large V-shaped genital markings on xviii; (B) left spermathecae; (C) left prostate; (D) right intestinal caeca. ag, accessory gland; amp, ampulla; dv, diverticulum; fp, female pore; gm, genital marking; mp, male pore; sp, spermathecal pore. All scale bars = 1 mm.