Ochyrocera itatinga, Castanheira & Pérez-González & Prado & Baptista, 2019

Castanheira, Pedro De Souza, Pérez-González, Abel, Prado, André Wanderley Do & Baptista, Renner Luiz Cerqueira, 2019, Three new species of Ochyrocera (Araneae, Ochyroceratidae) from Southeastern Brazil, Zootaxa 4657 (3), pp. 523-544 : 533-540

Ochyrocera itatinga new species

( Figs. 10–14A )

Type material. Holotype: BRAZIL, Rio de Janeiro: Rio de Janeiro: Parque Estadual da Pedra Branca, Camorim, Açude , 22°58’08.3”S, 43°26’38.5”W, 342 m, 31.III.2014,litter sieving, R. Baptista coll.(1 male, MNRJ 06841) . Paratypes: BRAZIL, Rio de Janeiro: Rio de Janeiro: Parque Estadual da Pedra Branca, Camorim ( Açude 22°58’08.3”S, 43°26’38.5”W, 342 m), 31.III.2014, litter sieving, R. Baptista coll. (1 female, MNRJ 06840) ; 02.VI.2013, litter sieving, R. Baptista coll. (1 female, UFRJ 1010) ; 15.IX.2013, litter sieving, R. Baptista coll. (1 male, MACN-Ar 34859, ex UFRJ 1015) ; idem, Parque Estadual da Pedra Branca , Pau-da-Fome (trilha da Figueira 22°55’57.0”S, 43°26’32.3”W, 138 m), 12.VI.2013, litter sieving, R. Baptista coll. (1 female, MACN-Ar 34860 ex UFRJ 1016) ; idem, Parque Estadual da Pedra Branca , Pau-da-Fome [Trilha informativa (= interpretation walking trail), ruínas (Padaria) 22°56’12.8”S, 043°26’29.1”W, 133 m], 16.III.2014, litter sieving, R. Baptista coll. (1 male, UFRJ 1011)

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Other material examined. BRAZIL, Rio de Janeiro: Rio de Janeiro: Parque Estadual da Pedra Branca, Camorim ( Sede 22°56’12.8”S, 43°26’29.1”W, 160 m) , 07.IV.2014, cryptic, P. Castanheira coll. (1 female, MACN- Ar 35084 ex UFRJ 1012); idem, Parque Estadual da Pedra Branca, Camorim ( Açude 22°58’08.3”S, 43°26’38.5”W, 342 m) , 01.VI.2013, cryptic, R. Baptista coll. (1 immature, UFRJ 1013); 14.IX.2013, cryptic, R. Baptista coll. (1 immature, UFRJ 1014); 15.IX.2013, litter sieving, R. Baptista coll. (1 female, MACN-Ar 35087 ex UFRJ 1015); idem, Parque Estadual da Pedra Branca, Pau-da-Fome (trilha da Figueira 22°55’57.0”S, 43°26’32.3”W, 138 m) , 13. VI.2013, looking down, R. Baptista coll. (1 female, MACN-Ar 35086 ex UFRJ 1017); 22.IX.2013, litter sieving, R. Baptista coll. (1 female, UFRJ 1018); 10.XII.2013, litter sieving, P. Castanheira coll. (2 females, 1 immature, UFRJ 1019); 9–17.XII.2013, pitfall traps, R. Baptista & P. Castanheira coll. (1 female, UFRJ 1020); 16.III.2014, litter sieving, R. Baptista coll. (1 male, MNRJ 06858, burned in MNRJ fire); idem, Parque Estadual da Pedra Branca, Pau-da-Fome [Trilha informativa (= interpretation walking trail), ruínas (Padaria)] 22°56’12.8”S, 043°26’29.1”W, 133 m), 1–9.VI.2013, pitfall traps, R. Baptista & P. Castanheira coll. (1 immature, UFRJ 1021); 22.IX.2013, litter sieving, P. Castanheira coll. (1 female, MNRJ 06857, burned in MNRJ fire); 23.IX.2013, litter sieving, R. Baptista coll. (1 male, MACN-Ar 35080 ex UFRJ 1022); 16.III.2014, litter sieving, R. Baptista coll. (3 females, 1 immature, UFRJ 1023).

Etymology. The specific epithet “itatinga” is a Tupi word, language used by Indian tribes that lived in Rio de Janeiro city, and is a direct translation of the Portuguese name of the type-locality, Pedra Branca.

Diagnosis. This species is more similar to O. viridissima Brignoli, 1974 , and O. diablo Pérez-González, Rubio & Ramírez, 2016 , as all three share a small ovoid cymbium, with a very protruding and large pedestal, and an apophysis abruptly arising near the retrolateral apical margin. Females of all three species also have an elongate and columnar uterus externus, with several rings, and an oval abdomen, near as high as long ( Brignoli 1974, figs. 1, 2, 6; Pérez-González et al. 2016, figs. 7C–D, F, 9A–E; Figs. 11A, C , 12 A–C). However, the males of O. itatinga new species and O. diablo are easily separated from O. viridissima by the palpal tibia shorter and inflated at the basal half and by the straight cymbial apophysis, bearing a claw-like terminal cuspule ( Brignoli, 1974, figs. 1, 6; Pérez-González et al., 2016, figs. 7C–D, 9A–E; Figs. 11A , 12 A–C). Finally, O. itatinga new species may be recognized by long macrosetae on the eye region, wider and more inflated palpal tibia, longer and thinner tegulum, a well-marked transition between the tegulum and the more elongated sickle-like embolus, with a long and straight filiform tip ( Figs. 10 A–B, 11A, 12A, C). The female vulva of O. itatinga new species and O. viridissima bear short spermatheca and a columnar uterus externus apparently without a neck and a ragged tip ( Brignoli, 1974, fig. 2; Fig. 11C ). Ochyrocera itatinga new species is set apart by a much widerspermatheca, apparently without an adjoining pore plate and by the much longer and thinner columnar uterus externus ( Fig 11C ).

Description. Male (Holotype MNRJ 06841): Measurements: Total length (prosoma + opisthosoma) 1.13. Carapace 0.53 long, 0.46 wide, 0.13 high. Abdomen 0.61 long, 0.44 wide, 0.40 high. Prosoma: Cephalothorax with light yellow background ( Fig. 10A ). Carapace ovoid with one median longitudinal navy blue stripe from the back of the eyes towards its posterior margin and two other navy blue stripes laterally, running in parallel from the base of the palps towards its posterior margin ( Fig 10A ). Fovea covered in blue ( Fig. 10A ). Sternum pale yellow with two longitudinal lateral dirty pale blue strips ( Fig. 10C ). Chelicerae bluish green, with reddish yellow fangs bear ing eight subequal promarginal teeth attached to the lamina ( Fig 11B ). Eyes: Six eyes slightly elevated moderately divided in three groups, PME more elevated than the others ( Figs. 10B ). One long macroseta projected from the base of each group of eyes, in a total of three, in addition to one fourth macrosetae in the medium part of carapace projected toward the eyes ( Fig. 10B ). Legs: Leg I with three tarsal claws. Prolateral superior claw bears two rows of teeth, inner row with two small teeth at the apical third, outer row with three unequal teeth, the distal one larger and connected to a curtain-like wrinkled plate extending to the basis of the claw, the median tooth small and the basal tooth intermediate in size, both placed externally to the wrinkled plate. Retrolateral claw with a single row of teeth ( Fig. 12 E–F). Opisthosoma ( Figs. 10 A–C; 12D): Abdomen bluish green, ovoid and relatively short without strips on the dorsum ( Fig. 10A ). Venter dominated by blue spots of a similar colour growing in quantity towards the spinnerets ( Fig. 10C ). Epiandrous with five fusules clearly divided in two groups, one with two and the other with three fusules. All fusules with globular base and linearly arranged (recurved) in a rugose depression anterior to epigastric furrow ( Fig. 12 G–H). Anal tubercle much wider the high, rounded by few setae ( Fig. 13E ). Spinnerets ( Fig. 13 ): colulus well developed and shaped as an inverted water drop ( Fig 13 A–B); ALS with one major ampullate gland spigot, a nubbin and five piriform spigots ( Fig. 13D ); PMS with one minor ampullate spigot ( Fig. 13C ); PLS with a compactly packed row of 12 aciniform gland spigots with long bases ( Fig.13C ). Genitalia ( Figs. 11A ; 12 A–C): Palpal femur tubular ( Figs. 11A ; 12A ). Patella short, curved ( Figs. 11A ; 12A ). Tibia inflated and wider near its basis ( Figs. 11A ; 12A ). Cymbium small, ovoid, with a stout and protruding pedestal and a subdistal, slender finger-like apophysis, ending in a slightly curved cuspule ( Figs. 11A ; 12A ). Tegulum cylindrical, much longer than wider with sperm ducts diameter varying from large on the coiled fundus to much thinner near the middle of the tegulum, then nearly keeping its diameter in the remaining elongated and curved portion up to opening ( Fig. 11A ). Tip of tegulum bevelled at its prolateral side, forming a clear constriction at the origin of the embolus, which originates from the retrolateral side of the tegulum ( Figs. 11A ; 12A ). Embolus sickle-like, very elongated, more than 2x longer than the tegulum, with its straight and filiform tip clearly separated by a constriction ( Figs. 11A ; 12A, C ).

Female (Paratype MNRJ 06840): Measurements: Total length 1.15. Carapace 0.48 long, 0.45 wide, 0.2 high. Abdomen 0.71 long, 0.60 wide, 0.69 high. Colouration and markings as in male but lighter ( Figs. 10 D–F). Sternum as in male but with slightly darker and wider lateral stripes ( Fig. 10F ). Carapace, eyes and opisthosoma as in male ( Figs 10 D–F). Legs purple with yellow and green marks on edge of articles and tarsus, as in male ( Figs. 10 D–F). Venter of opisthosoma with darker colour in comparison to male with suffused yellowish pigment throughout ( Fig. 10F ). Genitalia: vulva with two tubular rounded spermathecae with few glandular pores; uterus externus columnar, elongated, approximately 2x as long as the spermathecae, upward projected, laterally bent, weakly sclerotized, with 17 internal rings and apparently without a neck ( Fig. 11C ).

Natural History. The specimens were collected from the forest litter, in small sheet-webs among fallen trunks (with sieving and cryptic techniques) and twigs and also from pitfall-traps on the forest ground.

Distribution. Only known from type locality ( Fig. 14A )

Figures

FIGURE 10. Ochyrocera itatinga new species, male holotype (MNRJ 06841): A, dorsal habitus. B, lateral habitus (arrow, points to macrosetae on ocular area). C, ventral habitus. Female paratype (MNRJ 06840): D, dorsal habitus. E, lateral habitus. C, ventral habitus. Scale bars, 0.5 mm.

FIGURE 11. Ochyrocera itatinga new species, male (MACN-Ar 35080): A, left palp, retrolateral view. B, chelicerae, upper view. Female (MACN-Ar 35086): C, vulva, dorsal view. Abbreviations, CyA, cymbial apophysis; CyP, cymbial pedestal; E, embolus; Sp, spermatheca; UE, uterus externus. Scale bars, A, 0.2 mm; B, C, 0.05 mm.

FIGURE 12. Ochyrocera itatinga new species SEM photos, male (MACN-Ar 35080): A, right palp, retrolateral view; B, cymbial apophysis cuspule, detail; C, embolus, detail; D, abdomen, ventral view G, epiandrous, ventral view; H, epiandrous, spigot detail. Female specimen (MACN-Ar 35084): E, F, left leg I, tarsal claws.Abbreviations, BLSp, book lung spiracle; CyA, cymbial apophysis; CyP, cymbial pedestal; E, embolus; PrC, prolateral claw; RtC, retrolateral claw; TrSp, tracheal spiracle. Scale bars, A, D, 0.2 mm; B, 0.05 mm; C, E, F, 0.01 mm; G, 0.02 mm; H, 0.002 mm.

FIGURE 13. Ochyrocera itatinga new species SEM photos, male (MACN-Ar 35080):A, spinnerets, posterior view; B, colulus, detail; C, posterior median and posterior lateral spinnerets; D, anterior lateral spinnerets; E, anal tubercle. Abbreviations, Ac, aciniform gland spigot; AT, anal tubercle; ALS, anterior lateral spinnerets; MaAm, major ampullate gland spigot; MiAm, minor ampullate gland spigot; Pi, piriform gland spigot; PLS, posterior lateral spinnerets; PMS: posterior median spinnerets. Scale bars, A, 0.1 mm; B, 0.05 mm; C, E, 0.02 mm; D, 0.01 mm.

FIGURE 14. Current distribution of Ochyrocera species in South America: A, species from Brazil, Argentina and French Guiana, including the new species; B, species from Ecuador and Peru; C, species from Venezuela.