Diphya napo, Ott & Rodrigues & Brescovit, 2023

Ott, Ricardo, Rodrigues, Everton Nei Lopes & Brescovit, Antonio D., 2023, On the genus Diphya: notes on the Brazilian D. bicolor and a new species from Ecuador (Araneae: Tetragnathidae), Iheringia, Série Zoologia (e 2023004) 113, pp. 1-13 : 9-13

Diphya napo , sp. nov.

urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:E2D692C2-D24B-45C4-9147-10A241FCC2A0

( Figs 39-58 )

Types: male holotype and female paratype IBSP 283136; male paratype IBSP 283137; male paratype MCN-ARA 56875; all from Equador: Napo, Cantón Quijos, Parroquia Cosanga , Yanayacu Research Station (00°35.955’S 77°53.431’W) 2128 asl, 24-31.XI.2009, Equipe PBI Oonopidae leg .

Etymology. The species name is a noun in apposition taken from the type locality.

Diagnosis. The male palp of Diphya napo sp. nov. resembles the South American species of Dyphia by the shape of cymbium, embolus, conductor and also the rounded prolateral paracymbium; however it can be easily distinguished from all known South American species by the shape of the retrolateral tibial apophysis, which is flattened, slightly C-shaped in the prolateral and retrolateral view, elongated, with internal groove on bulb facing side and a very conspicuous spur at distal end ( Figs 8F , H-J); retrolateral tibial apophysis is inconspicuous in D. bicolor (see Figs 6-9 , 11, 15, 16 ), hook-like in D. spinifera (see also ÁLVAREZ-PADILLA & HORMIGA, 2011:744, fig. 29C, F) and finger-like in D. macrophtalma (see MARUSIK & OMELKO, 2017:4-5, figs 12, 16-18). Females of Diphya napo sp. nov. can be recognized by the epigynum without a conspicuous marginal plate and anterior pockets, by the presence of a septum dividing the whole atrium and by the large, triangular-shaped basal plate ( Figs 54-57 ). The last character is shared between D. napo and African species of the genus (see OMELKO et al., 2020:275-276, figs 11A-D, 12A-L; same as “Sb, septum base”).

Description. Male (Paratype, IBSP 283137). Carapace yellow, border of eyes black, cephalic portion behind eyes with olive-colored pattern; borders of carapace slightly darker, suffused with olive color ( Figs 39-42 ). Chelicerae yellow; endites suffused with olive color; labium yellow with anterior border suffused with olive color; sternum yellow, border with narrow olive colored area ( Figs 42, 43 ). Legs yellow with conspicuous, dark olive-colored distal markings at each article and also a stripe of same color at first half of tibia of legs I and II; tarsi of legs I-IV orange, metatarsi of legs I and II also orange ( Figs 39, 40, 43 ). Abdomen oval, slightly elongated, with cream colored background; dorsally with some very small, white guanine dots at anterior half; two olive-colored, broad, sinuous lines on each border, and some transversal olive lines in the posterior quarter ( Fig. 41 ); laterally with a large, white guanine patch on the anterior third and from this patch backwards some wrinkled tegument bearing olive colored longitudinal lines ( Figs 39, 40 ); ventrally suffused in olive color around the book lungs area, central area cream colored without patterns, some transversal olive lines in front of spinnerets ( Fig. 43 ).

Measurements: total length 2.63; carapace 1.48 long, 1.14 wide; eye diameters and interdistances: AME 0.06; ALE 0.17; PME 0.16; PLE 0.16; AME-AME 0.03; AME-ALE 0.02; PME–PME 0.05; legs: femur I 1.91; patella + tibia I 2.27; metatarsus I 2.30; tarsus I 0.96; patella + tibia II 1.71; patella + tibia III 0.96; patella + tibia IV 1.29; palp: cymbium 0.35; tibia 0.18. Palp with orange-colored bulbus, tibia, patella and femur yellow; bulb relatively small, length about half of chelicerae length; cymbium covering almost the whole bulbus when in prolateral view ( Figs 8B, H ); embolus and cymbial ectomedian process heavily sclerotized ( Figs 45-48 ); broad conductor with an stout and abruptly narrowed tip ( Figs 45-48 ); paracymbium rounded distally; retrolateral apophysis slightly flattened and C-shaped with internal groove on bulb facing side and a very conspicuous spur at distal end ( Figs 44, 46-48 ).

Female (paratype, IBSP 283136 ). As in male except as noted ( Figs 49-53 ). Abdomen slightly oval, almost rounded, more conspicuous dorsally ( Fig. 51 ); laterally and ventrally olive-colored markings distributed in patches rather than in stripes, small white guanine dots present ( Figs 49, 50, 52 ) .

Measurements: total length 3.60; carapace 1.68 long, 1.38 wide; eye diameters and interdistances: AME 0.06; ALE 0.17; PME 0.16; PLE 0.16; AME-AME 0.03; AME-ALE 0.02; PME–PME 0.05; legs: femur I 1.58; patella + tibia I 2.02; metatarsus I 1.72; tarsus I 0.83; patella + tibia II 1,80; patella + tibia III 0.92; patella + tibia IV 1,26. Epigynum with large basal plate forming a posteriorly directed, broad, triangular, and flaplike projection; lateral plates strongly sclerotized at ectal borders; atrium clearly divided by septum; copulatory openings at mesal portion of atrium, at anterior border of basal plate ( Figs 54, 56, 57 ); copulatory ducts originating at dorsal most portion of atrium, directed posteriorly and then ventrally, making a strong 180 degree turn in dorsal direction and then running ectally to the spermathecae ( Figs 54-57 ); fertilization ducts runs straight from spermathecae to posterior direction and then mesally along the posterior border of the basal plate; spermathecae comma-shaped, anterior portion rounded (Figs 56,57).

Variation. Males (n=3): total length 2.63−2.69; carapace length 1.48−1.55; femur I length 1.91−2.14.

Distribution. Known only for the type locality ( Fig 58 ).

Figures

Figs 39-48. Diphya napo sp. nov., male paratype IBSP 283137: 39-43, body; 44-48, palp. 39, 40, Lateral view; 41, dorsal view; 42, carapace, frontal view; 43, ventral view; 44, detail, retrolateral tibial apophysis, prolateral view; 45, dorsal view; 46, prolateral view; 47, ventral view; 48, retrolateral view (Co, conductor; Cy, cymbium; CEMP, cymbial ectomedian process; E, embolus; PC, paracymbium; RTA, retrolateral tibial apophysis).

Figs 49-57. Diphya napo sp. nov., female paratype IBSP 283136: 49-53, body; 54-57, epigynum. 49, 50, lateral view; 51, dorsal view; 52, ventral view; 53, carapace, frontal view; 54, epigynum, ventral view; 55, epigynum, posterior view; 56, ventral, clove oil cleared; 57, dorsal, clove oil cleared (A, atrium; BP, basal plate; CD, copulatory duct; CO, copulatory opening; FD, fertilization duct; LP, lateral plate; S, spermathecae).

Fig. 58. Distribution of Diphya bicolor Vellard, 1926 and D. napo sp. nov. in South America.

Figs 6-10. Diphya bicolor Vellard, 1926, male MCN 35220, palp: 6, retrolateral view; 7, ventral view; 8, dorsal view; 9, prolateral view; 10, frontal view (Co, conductor; Cy, cymbium; CEMP, cymbial ectomedian process; E, embolus; PC, paracymbium).

Figs 11-16. Diphya bicolor Vellard, 1926, male IBSP 20101. SEM palp: 11, retrolateral view; 12, ventro-apical view; 13, dorsal view; 14, apical view; 15, detail, posterior view; 16, prolateral view (Co, conductor; Cy, cymbium; CEMP, cymbial ectomedian process; E, embolus; PC, paracymbium; RTA, retrolateral tibial apophysis).