Homoneura bistriata (Kertesz, 1915) Palpus

Zhang, Mengjing, Gao, Xuefeng & Shi, Li, 2019, Three new species of genus Homoneura from Qinling Mountains, China (Diptera: Lauxaniidae), Zoological Systematics 44 (2), pp. 146-157 : 147

3 Taxonomy bistriata -group

Diagnosis. The species group is different from other species groups by following: Body is yellow; palpus is yellow except for black tip; mesonotum generally has two brown median stripes (rarely absent). Wing has seven brown spots: apex of R 1, R 4+5 and M 1, preapical spot of R 2+3, r-m and dm-cu, and a brown medial spot present between crossvein r-m and apical spot on R 4+5, brown preapical or apical spot on R 2+3 confluent or isolated with medial spot on R 4+5. Male genitalia are different by: surstylus originated from ventroapical corner of epandrium; hypandrium H-shaped, hypandrial apodeme distinct; gonites shorter than phallus.

This group is similar to singularis -group, but the latter has two brown spots between r-m and apical spot on R 4+5. It is also similar to the striatifrons -group, but the latter has larger brown spots and a small brown spot is present on the crossed base of R 2+3 and R 4+5. It is very similar to tibetensis -group, but the latter has brown apical spot on R 2+3 very close to tip.

Key to the eight species of bistriata -group (modified from Shi & Yang, 2014).

1. Wing with brown apical spot at tip of Sc and R 1 and brown cloud spot on r-m entirely or slightly confluent .....................................2 Wing with brown apical spot at tip of Sc and R 1 and brown cloud spot on r-m separated distinctly....................................................6

2. Wing with a brown wide transverse band extending from tip of subcostal cell and preapical section or tip of R 2+3, confluent with brown cloud on r-m and medial spot between r-m and apical spot on R 4+5 ..........................................................................................3 Wing without brown wide transverse band as above ...........................................................................................................................4

3. Wing with brown integrated transverse band (see Yang et al., 2002: fig. 9); antenna long plumose; mesonotum with two dark brown stripes; abdominal tergites 3–6 each with blackish medial spots.............................................. H. (H.) hainanensis Yang, Hu & Zhu Wing with two small hyaline spots inserting in brown wide transverse band (see Yang et al., 2001: fig. 14); antenna pubescent; mesonotum without brown stripes; abdominal tergites 4–6 each with narrow blackish medial stripes.................................................. ....................................................................................................................................................... H. (H.) extensa Yang, Hu & Zhu

4. Mesonotum without brown stripes; surstylus situated at tip of epandrium, long, curved and truncate apically (see Sasakawa & Ikeuchi, 1985: fig. 4)................................................................................................................................................ H. (H.) mayrhoferi Czerny Mesonotum with two narrow brown stripes; surstylus situated at anterior ventral corner or at middle of epandrium, short claviform. ............................................................................................................................................................................................................5

5. Palpus yellow, except for brown on apical 1/3–1/2; abdominal tergites 4–6 each with a brown medial spot; surstylus slightly curved, tips of two hypandrial apodemes close to each other (see Sasakawa & Ikeuchi, 1982: fig. 5).................... H. (H.) bistriata (Kertész) Palpus yellow, except for black apically; abdominal tergites 5–6 each with a small black medial spot; surstylus curved downward apically, tips of two hypandrial apodemes parallel (see Yang et al., 2002: figs 2–3) ............. H. (H.) conjunctiva Shi, Wang & Yang

6. Mesonotum with four brown stripes .................................................................................................................................................... 7 Mesonotum with two brown stripes; face without black spots or stripes; abdominal tergites 1–6 each with a small black spot; epandrium not contorted in lateral view; surstylus wide sheet-like (see Yang et al., 2002: figs 4–6) .................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................... H. (H.) separata Yang, Hu & Zhu

7. Face with a pair of grayish black spots on upper half and basal sections of two spots confluent, and a pair of brown thin lateral stripes; abdominal tergites 3–6 each with brown stripe-like spots and a pair of transverse stripe-like lateral spots on posterior margin; male genitalia: surstylus as a short claviform process in lateral view (see Shi & Yang, 2014: fig. 200)......................................................... ......................................................................................................................................................... H. (H.) quadristriata Shi & Yang Face without black spots or stripes ( Fig. 2 ); abdomen entirely yellow; male genitalia: surstylus as a long claviform process in lateral view ( Fig. 7 )......................................................................................................................... H. (H.) gaotangensis Gao & Shi sp. nov.

Figures

Figures 1–6. Homoneura (Homoneura) gaotangensis Gao & Shi sp. nov., paratype, male. 1. Habitus, lateral view. 2–3. Head, anterior and lateral view. 4. Thorax, dorsal view. 5. Abdomen, lateral view. 6. Wing.

Figures 7–11. Homoneura (Homoneura) gaotangensis Gao & Shi sp. nov., paratype, male genitalia. 7. Syntergosternite and epandrial complex, lateral view. 8. Epandrial complex, posterior view. 9. Syntergosternite, anterior view. 10. Phallus complex, ventral view. 11. Phallus complex, lateral view. Scale bar=0.1mm.