Acicnemis nohirai Morimoto & Miyakawa, 1995

Lewis, Jake H., Kojima, Hiroaki & Campbell, Erin O., 2025, A Japan-focused review of East Asian Acicnemis Fairmaire, 1849 (Coleoptera, Curculionidae) reveals cryptic diversity in a well-studied region, ZooKeys 1259, pp. 103-167 : 103-167

Acicnemis nohirai Morimoto & Miyakawa, 1995

Figs 1 , 6 K 1–6 , 2 , 22

Type material examined

( Japan: 23). Holotype. Japan: Gifu Prefecture: • Hirayu , 19. VI. 1963, T. Nohirai, bears a red label reading “ (Holotype) Acicnemis nohirai Morimoto et Miyakawa, 1994 ”, ELKU, ELKU 2956 . Paratypes. Japan: Aomori Prefecture: • Kawauchi , Shimokita-gun, 25. VII. 1984, S. Yamauchi (1, KUM), JHL_AREV_435 ; Ehime Prefecture: • Omogokei , 15. VI. 1981, S. Naomi (1, KUM), JHL_AREV_437 ; Gifu Prefecture: • Hirayu , 19. VI. 1963, T. Nohirai (5, KUM), JHL_AREV_429 – JHL_AREV_433 ; • Hokkaido: Horoka , Kamishihoro-cho, 17. VII. 1976, H. Irie (1, KUM), JHL_AREV_434 ; • Uchida , 18. V. 1930 (1, HUM), JHL_AREV_454 ; • Sapporo , “ 3. VIII. 80 ” (1, KUM), JHL_AREV_460 ; Nagano Prefecture: • Tobira Spa , Matsumoto, 7. VIII. 1973, T. Mikage (1 dissected male, KUM), JHL_SYN_147 ; Niigata Prefecture: • Kurokawa , 30. VII. 1962, K. Baba (1 dissected male, KUM), JHL_SYN_146 ; Oita Prefecture: • Kurasame , Kuju, 15. VI. 1975, H. Irie (2, KUM), JHL_AREV_438 , JHL_AREV_439 ; Tochigi Prefecture: • Chuzenji-Yumoto , Shimotsuke, 22. VII. 1923, T. Esaki (1, KUM), JHL_AREV_436 ; Yamanashi Prefecture: • Fuji-rindo, Mt. Fuji , 10–12. VIII. 1976, H. Irie (1, KUM), JHL_AREV_440 ; • Mt. Kaikoma , 13. VIII. 1962, K. Oshima (1, KUM), JHL_AREV_441 ; • Masutomi, Nirasaki , 16. VII. 2006, H. Takizawa (1, HUM), JHL_AREV_461 .

Non-type material.

Japan: Gifu Prefecture: • Hirayu , 19. VI. 1963, T. Nohirai (1, KUM), JHL_AREV_442 ; Nagano Prefecture: • Otaki-mura , 31. V. 2010, K. Takahashi (1, KUM), JHL_DNA_119 ( PV 255636 ) ; Oita Prefecture: • Yuhu-shi, Yuhuin-chou, Tsukahara , 18. IX. 2016, R. Ito (1, KUM), JHL_DNA_122 ( PV 255637 ) ; Yamanashi Prefecture: • Fuji-rindo, Mt. Fuji , 3. X. 1992, T. Mikage (1, KUM), JHL_AREV_443 ; • Mt. Daibosatsu, Hagiwara , 12. VIII. 2005, T. Kurihara (1, KUM), JHL_AREV_720 ; • Masutomi , 24–25. V. 1968, H. Takizawa, (1, HUM), JHL_AREV_774 .

Diagnosis.

Body length 4.9–6.0 mm. Covered in dark gray and black scales, with a white-scaled, V-shaped, transverse band across middle of elytra. Elytra with elongate I-shaped patch of black scales on the first elytral interval (surrounding the scutellum) that barely extends onto the second elytral interval. Pronotum lacking impunctate longitudinal midline (present in A. koguma ). Scutellum covered in dark brown scales. Elytra with erect scales only on odd intervals. Sclerolepidia distinct and protruding. Third tarsomeres distinctly emarginate. Pedon with lateral edges approx. parallel in dorsal view, but converging evenly into a blunt, rounded point. Internal sac not visible inside aedeagus, but with protruding basal structure that bears a prong-shaped sclerite anteriorly at its apex (Fig. 6 K 1 – 2 ).

Distribution.

This species is apparently endemic to mainland Japan and occurs from Hokkaido south to Kyushu ( Oita Prefecture).

Figures

Figure 1. Maximum likelihood tree of twelve Acicnemis species based on a 300 base-pair long CO 1 gene fragment constructed in IQ-TREE v. 1.6. 12 using a GTR + F + I + G 4 model. Branch support values represent standard nonparametric bootstraps (1000 replicates). Bootstrap values less than 75 are not displayed on the tree. The codes MEBLA 191-14, VVGPL 2845-15, and OWEVG 891-15 are BOLD Systems accession numbers, whereas all other codes are GenBank accession numbers. Associated Acicnemis weevil figures on the right of the tree are approximately to scale.

Figure 2. Diagnostic morphological characters in Acicnemis. A. A. azumai Morimoto & Miyakawa, 1995 (JHL _ ACITAI _ 081) showing lack of prominent posterior prosternal projections; B. A. laeta Hubenthal, 1919 (JHL _ AREV _ 533) showing prominent prosternal projections; C. A. kiotoensis Nakane, 1963 (JHL _ AREV _ 982) showing antenna with the second funicular antennomere longer than antennomeres 3 + 4; D. A. koguma Lewis & Kojima, sp. nov. (JHL _ SYN _ 141) showing antenna with the second funicular antennomere shorter than antennomeres 3 + 4; E. A. luteomaculata Morimoto & Miyakawa, 1995 (JHL _ AREV _ 189) showing truncate third tarsomere; F. A. ryukyuana Lewis, 2023 (JHL _ ACI _ 011) showing weakly emarginate third tarsomere; G. A. maculaalba Roelofs, 1875 (JHL _ AREV _ 577) showing strongly emarginate third tarsomere.

Figure 6. Aedeagi of Acicnemis. A 1–2. A. albofasciata (Ter-Minasian 1953); B 1–2. A. azumai Morimoto & Miyakawa, 1995; C 1–2), A. cryptica Lewis & Kojima, sp. nov.; D 1–2. A. dividicincta Morimoto & Miyakawa, 1995; E 1–2. A. exilis Morimoto & Miyakawa, 1995; F 1–2. A. kiotoensis Nakane, 1963; G 1–2. A. laeta Hubenthal, 1919; H 1–2. A. luteomaculata Morimoto & Miyakawa, 1995; I 1–2. A. maculaalba Roelofs, 1875; J 1–2. A. nobilis Hubenthal, 1919; K 1–2. A. nohirai Morimoto & Miyakawa, 1995; L 1–2. A. palliata Pascoe, 1872; M 1–2. A. postica Hubenthal, 1919; N 1–2. A. ryukyuana Lewis, 2023; O 1–2. A. sauteri Hubenthal, 1919; P 1–2. A. shibatai Voss, 1971; Q 1–2. A. shigematsui Morimoto & Miyakawa, 1995; R 1–2. Acicnemis sp. 1; S 1–2. A. squamata Lewis & Kojima, sp. nov.; T 1–2. A. suturalis Roelofs, 1875.

Figure 22. Acicnemis nohirai Morimoto & Miyakawa, 1995 (JHL _ AREV _ 774). A. Lateral; B. Dorsal. Scale bar: 1 mm.