Makawidae

Myers, A. A. & Lowry, J. K., 2020, A phylogeny and classification of the Talitroidea (Amphipoda, Senticaudata) based on interpretation of morphological synapomorphies and homoplasies, Zootaxa 4778 (2), pp. 281-310 : 302-303

Makawidae fam. nov.

Type genus. Makawe Duncan, 1994 .

Included genera (22). Agilestia Friend, 1982 ;? Chiltonorchestia Bousfield, 1984 ; Dana Lowry, 2011; Dendrorchestia Lowry & Myers, 2019a ; Deshurleyella Lowry, Myers & Nakano, 2019 ; Dracorchestia Lowry & Myers, 2019a ; Ignamborchestia Lowry & Myers, 2019a ; Kanikania Duncan, 1994 ; Kellyduncania Lowry & Myers, 2019a ; Kohuroa Lowry, Myers & Nakano, 2019 ; Laurenia Lowry & Myers, 2019a ; Lesliorchestia Lowry & Myers, 2019a; Makawe Duncan, 1994 ; Oamaru Lowry & Myers, 2019a ; Omaiorchestia Lowry & Myers, 2019a ; Orchestiella Friend, 1987 ; Parorchestia Stebbing 1899 ; Puhuruhuru Duncan, 1994 ; Sinbadorchestia Lowry & Myers, 2019a ; Snaresorchestia Lowry & Myers, 2019a ; Tasmanorchestia Friend, 1987 ; Waematau Duncan, 1994 .

Category. Mascupods, femipods and semi-mascupods.

Ecological type. Field-hoppers, ground-hoppers, riparian-hoppers, forest-hoppers, moss-hoppers.

Distribution. Australia; New Caledonia and New Zealand.

Diagnostic description. Antenna 1 long, reaching to at least midpoint of peduncular article 5 of antenna 2, or short, not reaching midpoint of peduncular article 5 of antenna 2. Maxilliped palp article 2 without distomedial lobe; article 4 small, distinct. Gnathopod 1 posterior margin of merus, carpus and propodus each without palmate lobes or posterior margin of merus, carpus and propodus each with palmate lobes or posterior margin of some but not all merus, carpus and propodus with palmate lobes; propodus subrectangular, enlarged subrectangular, ‘subtriangular’ with well-developed posterodistal lobe or subrectangular, tapering distally. Gnathopod 2 subchelate or mitten-shaped. Pereopods 3–7 simplidactylate, cuspidactylate or homosimplidactylate. Pereopod 4 dactylus amplidactylate or homobasidactylate. Pereopod 5 dactylus not inflated. Pereopod 6 subequal in length or shorter than pereopod 7. Pereopod 7 not sexually dimorphic. Epimera 1–3 slits absent. Uropods 1–2 rami without apical spear-shaped setae. Uropod 1 male exopod not sexually dimorphic; exopod with marginal robust setae in one row or without marginal robust setae. Uropod 3 ramus subequal in length or shorter than peduncle. Telson with apical robust setae only or with apical and marginal robust setae, with 1–9 robust setae per lobe.

Remarks. The Makawidae can be separated from all other family level taxa except the Brevitalitridae (see remarks under Brevitalitridae ). The cuspidactylation for ten of the New Zealand genera was designated in Bousfield (1984: table 8. According to Ed Hendrycks (pers. comm.) Bousfield visited Des Hurley in New Zealand in 1978. Bousfield may have studied these genera at that time. Recent examination by Rachael Peart has shown that although Kanikania rubroannulata ( Hurley, 1957) is cuspidactylate as recorded by Bousfield (1984), Dendrorchestia parva

(Chilton, 1909) and Dracorchestia maynei (Chilton, 1909) are not, despite being recorded as cuspidactulate by Bousfield (1984). The illustrations of Duncan (1994) and Hurley (1956) who studied all of these genera do not clearly indicate the cuspidactylation of the pereopods.

Chiltonorchestia is tentatively placed in the Makawidae , but pereopods 3–7 cuspidactylation and pereopod 4 dactylation cannot be confidently scored.