Olceclostera jairana Orlandin and Piovesan, 2023

Orlandin, Elton, Piovesan, Monica, Herbin, Daniel & Carneiro, Eduardo, 2023, More than Olceclostera bifenestrata: New species and morphology of immature stages of Olceclostera Butler, 1879 (Lepidoptera: Bombycoidea, Apatelodidae), Arthropod Systematics & amp; Phylogeny 81, pp. 1063-1088 : 1063

3.1.1. Olceclostera jairana Orlandin and Piovesan sp. nov.

Figures 2C, D , 4A, B , 5 , 6A , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16

Type locality.

Parque Estadual do Guartelá, Tibagi Municipality, Paraná State, Brazil.

Diagnosis.

Olceclostera jairana sp. nov. differs from O. quilombola sp. nov. by external and genitalia characters: on the forewing of O. jairana sp. nov., the two subapical hyaline spots between M1 and M3 are rounded, with the one between M2-M3 smaller and almost unnoticeable in some cases. Otherwise, these spots are rectangular and always visible in O. quilombola sp. nov. In the dorsal forewing, posterior to the hyaline spots, O. jairana sp. nov. has a sinuous band of light gray scales, absent in O. quilombola sp. nov. (Fig. 2C-F ). Olceclostera jairana sp. nov. has all tibias with a band of long scales with light brown apex, while O. quilombola sp. nov. presents these scales with dark brown apex (Fig. 6A, B ). In the genitalia, O. jairana sp. nov. presents, in lateral view, a more rounded tegumen, narrower socii, and a more elongated uncus, and, in ventral view, the anterior projection of the saccus is thinner than in O. quilombola sp. nov. The aedeagus of O. jairana sp. nov. presents apex with a lateral projection bearing one to three spines, while in O. quilombola sp. nov. this projection has no spines (Figs 10 , 17 ).

Externally, O. jairana sp. nov. is very similar to O. xeta sp. nov. and O. wayana sp. nov., but O. jairana sp. nov. has all tibias with a band of long scales with light brown apex while O. xeta sp. nov. and O. wayana sp. nov. present these scales with grayish brown apex (Fig. 6A, C ). Dorsally, the abdomen of O. jairana sp. nov. has a copper color, while O. xeta sp. nov. and O. wayana sp. nov. have a grayish color (Fig. 2C, D, G-J ). The genitalia of O. jairana sp. nov. present, in lateral view, a narrower socci than O. xeta sp. nov. and O. wayana sp. nov., and the process of sacculus is about twice as big as in O. xeta sp. nov. and O. wayana sp. nov. The aedeagus of O. jairana sp. nov. has an apex with spines and vesica without cornuti, while in O. xeta sp. nov. and O. wayana sp. nov. the aedeagus does not have spines and the basal portion of the vesica is covered by small cornuti (Figs 10 , 19 , 21 ).

Description of adults (Figs 2C, D , 4A, B , 5 , 6A , 7 - 11 ).

Head. MALE. Vertex and frons pinkish beige; compound eyes naked; antenna approximately 1/3 the length of the costal margin of the anterior wing, bipectinate from the base to apex, ventrally naked, dorsally covered by pearl scales; labial palpus dorsally covered by brown scales, ventrally covered by a compact block of pinkish beige scales (Fig. 5A ); first and second segment thick and slightly curved, the second about twice the length of the first, third segment reduced and oval (Fig. 5B ); proboscis absent. FEMALE. Similar to the male, slightly smaller than the male’s head; antenna, pecten shorter than the male’s pecten; palpus thinner and shorter than the male’s palpus (Fig. 4A, B ). - Thorax. MALE. Dorsally and ventrally gray; dorsally with a longitudinal medial brownish line. - Legs. All legs smooth, femur and tibia gray; tibias with a band of long scales with light brown apex projecting towards the posterior region (Fig. 6A ); tarsomeres brownish. Foreleg: coxa thick, developed, approximately 3/4 the length of the femur; femur about the same length as the tibia; tibia anteriorly flattened, epiphysis approximately half-length of the tibia (Fig. 7A ). Midleg: femur slightly smaller than the tibia; distally tibia bears a pair of spurs, the inner one longer than the outer one (Fig. 7B ). Hindleg: femur smaller than the tibia; distal half of tibia bears two pair of spurs, the inner longer than the outer ones (Fig. 7C ). All tarsomeres have a similar length, posteriorly with scattered small spines; tarsal claws simple. Female. Similar to the male, epiphysis approximately 1/3 the length of the tibia, narrower than the male; ventral surface distitarsus of fore, mid, and hindlegs with a patch of small spines and an inner row with four conspicuous spines (Fig. 7D ). - Wings shape and venation. Venation (Fig. 8 ), same as that described for Olceclostera sp. by Costa-Lima (1950). Male. Forewing length: 14-19.5 mm (n = 10); elongated triangular shape. Upperside: Ground color grayish with scattered black scales; basal region limited by a fine irregular black line; discal region marked between two sinuous brownish lines; on dcm, a patch of black scales surrounded by a patch of light gray scales; post-discal region with a thin irregular black line; two rounded subapical hyaline spots, between M1 and M3; posterior to the hyaline spots a sinuous band of light gray scales; apical region light gray; between M2 and CuA2 marginal region with black scales and outer margin slightly crenulated and marked with black scales. Underside: Ground color similar to the upperside but more brownish; post-discal region with a sinuous brownish line followed by a thin, sinuous black line. Hindwing. Frenulum long and simple (Fig. 8 ). Upperside: Ground color grayish brown; on dcm, a faint black dot; postdiscal region with two faint sinuous brownish lines; outer margin, between M3 and CuA2, slightly crenulated and marked with black scales. Underside: Similar to the upperside, but with scattered black scales; dots and lines more marked; inner margin lighter. Female. Forewing length: 19-22 mm (n = 06); general color similar to the male, the apex is more acute than in males; on dcm, the patch of black scales is smaller than in the male and absent on the underside; hyaline spot between M2-M3 reduced. Hindwing. Frenulum grayish brown, as multiple bristles, similar to other female Apatelodidae species ( Orlandin et al. 2021, 2022a). Similar to the male, but on dcm the dot of black scales is smaller than in the male. - Abdomen. Male. Dorsally coppery and gray, ventrally gray with scattered black scales; pleural region of segments A1 to A3 with patches of broader scales, creamy at the base and apically coppery (Fig. 9A ); into this patch, on A2 and A3, a row of white scales (Fig. 9B ). Female. Dorsally grayer than the male; at the posterior region of each segment, a band of light gray scales; ventral and pleural region similar to the male. - Genitalia. Male (Fig. 10 ). Tegumen shield-like, sclerotized in all its extension; anterior projection of saccus tapered, dorsally curved; ventrally, the posterior margin of saccus has a semicircular projection projected posteriorly; uncus dorsoventrally flattened, ventrally projected, 3/4 bifid V-shaped, with a pair of laterally flattened socii at the base; subscaphium sclerotized, with a median ventral hook, proximal region, ventrally with two semi-oval sclerotized plates [gnathos] with numerous tiny spines; valva less sclerotized than uncus and tegumen, rectangular, tongue-like, laterally covering the uncus apex; costa (= processus superior) forming a slightly sclerotized process bearing some setae; sacculus (= processus inferior) slightly more sclerotized than valva; process of sacculus finger-like, projected at 90 º from the valva; fultura inferior sclerotized and rectangular; aedeagus cylindrical with truncated caecum, ventrally projected forming a protuberance; in lateral view, apex with a projection bearing one to three spines (more frequently two); these structures are best seen when the vesica is everted. Female (Fig. 11 ). Eighth tergum formed by a trapezoidal plate bearing wide lateral arms ventrally reaching the lamella antevaginalis; anterior apophysis thin and cylindrical, slightly spatulate at the tip; lamella antevaginalis flat, almost as long as the lamella postvaginalis; lamella postvaginalis sclerotized, rectangular; ductus bursae about two times the length of corpus bursae, approximately the same diameter for the entire length; corpus bursae ovoid, membranous with a signum heart-shaped, bearing inward-pointing spines and with the central portion less sclerotized with fewer spines; papilla analis dorsoventrally elongated, sclerotized and covered with setae.

Description of immature stages (Figs 12 - 16 ).

Eggs (Fig. 12 ). Average duration (from oviposition to hatching): approximately 15 days (n = 110); pie-shaped 1.5--1.7 mm in diameter and 0.4 mm in height (n = 10); cho-rion transparent without visible ornamentation; yolk greenish during the first days of development, becoming pale greenish-yellow before eclosion (Fig. 12A-C ). The micropylar area bears seven petal-shaped rosette cells of distinct sizes; around the micropylar rosette, there are ten secondary cells (Fig. 12D ); these micropylar cells surround the six openings (Fig. 12E ). Aeropyles rounded, organized forming geometric shapes, in this region the egg is quite rough (Fig. 12F, G ).

First instar (Fig. 13A, B ). Average duration: approximately five days (n = 94); body length 4.8-5.1 mm (n = 3); head capsule width 0.54-0.57 mm (n = 4), hypognathous, slightly flattened in front, yellowish with brownish spots and stripes, stemma 3 larger than the other stemmata, ventral margin of labrum moderately notched; head bears only primary setae (see chaetotaxy below). Body yellow, cylindrical, dorsally with faint black stripes, laterally, with black stripes on subdorsal, lateral, and subventral regions; long setae cover the whole body, except ventrally; dorsally and subdorsally covered with black and yellow setae, laterally and subventrally only with yellow setae, most of them grouped over verrucae; spiracles elliptical, T1 and A8 ones larger than the others; abdominal prolegs fully developed on A3-A6 and A10, with two sclerotized plates, one anterior and one posterior; crochets in biordinal mesoseries. - Chaetotaxy. Head. (Fig. 14 ) One pair of frontal setae (F1), between them one pair of frontal pores (Fa); two pairs of adfrontal setae (AF1, AF2), between them one pair of adfrontal pores (AFa); three anterior pairs of setae (A1, A2, A3) and one pair of pores (Aa) above A2; two pairs of posterior setae (P1, P2) and two pairs of pores (Pa, Pb); three pairs of microdorsal setae (MD1, MD2, MD3), and a pair of pores (MDa) between MD2 and MD3; on clypeus, two pairs of setae (C1, C2); on labrum three central (Lrm1, Lrm2, Lrm3) and three lateral pairs of setae (Lrl1, Lrl2, Lrl3). Laterally, one pair of lateral setae (L1) and one pair of pores (La); three stemmatal pairs of setae (S1, S2, S3), and two pairs of stemmatal pore (Sa, Sb); three substemmatal pairs of setae (SS1, SS2, and SS3), and a pair of microgenal pores (MGa). - Body (Fig. 15 ). Thorax. T1. pronotal plate brownish, weakly sclerotized; XD setae located in the anterior area of the pronotal plate close to four secondary setae; D1 and D2 setae solitary, located in the posterior region of the pronotal plate; SD1 and SD2 setae solitary, SD1 seta at the margin of the pronotal plate; L setae grouped with numerous secondary setae on a conspicuous spherical grayish yellow verruca; SV setae grouped with numerous secondary setae on a large yellowish verruca; V setae grouped with some secondary setae on a sclerotized grayish plate. T2. D1 seta solitary on a reduced grayish yellow plate, D2 seta grouped with a secondary seta on a grayish yellow plate; SD setae grouped with numerous secondary setae on a grayish yellow verruca; L setae grouped with numerous secondary setae on a grayish verruca; SV setae grouped with numerous secondary setae on a grayish verruca; V setae grouped with some secondary setae on a sclerotized grayish plate. T3. D1 seta grouped with a secondary seta on a grayish yellow plate, D2 as D1; SD setae grouped with numerous secondary setae on a grayish verruca; L, SV, and V setae as in T2. - Abdomen. A1, A2 and A7. D1 seta grouped with two secondary setae on a dark gray plate, D2 seta grouped with six secondary setae on a dark gray verruca; SD setae grouped with eight secondary setae on a dark gray verruca; L setae grouped with seven secondary setae on a dark gray verruca; SV setae grouped with seven secondary setae on dark gray verruca; V seta grouped with a secondary seta on a grayish plate. A3-A6. D1, D2, and L setae as in segments A1, A2, and A7; SD setae grouped with five secondary setae on a dark gray verruca; SV and V setae on the prolegs on two dark grey plates with some secondary setae. A8. D1 seta grouped with a secondary seta on a grayish yellow plate, D2 seta solitary; SD setae grouped with numerous secondary setae on a grayish yellow verruca; L setae as in the other abdominal segments; SV setae not visible; V seta isolated. A9. D1 and D2 setae grouped with a secondary seta on a grayish yellow plate; SD setae grouped with numerous secondary setae on a grayish yellow verruca; SV and V setae not visible. A10. D1, D2, and SD setae arranged on a large grayish-yellow anal plate; L and SV setae on the proleg on two grayish plates with some secondary setae.

Second instar (Fig. 13C, D ). Average duration: 6-8 days (n = 68); head capsule width 1.1-1.2 mm (n = 5); body length 14.2-14.7 mm (n = 2); head brownish with yellowish spots and stripes; with numerous secondary setae. Body gray with yellow stripes; setae grayish shorter than the first instar; T1-T3 and A8-A10 dorsally darker; between T1 and T2, dorsally with a sparse tuft of reddish setae; A1-A7, D1, and D2 verrucae reddish; legs and abdominal prolegs reddish.

Third instar (Fig. 13E, F ). Average duration: 6-8 days (n = 30); head capsule width 1.63-1.75 mm (n = 7); body length 21 mm (n = 1); head color as in second instar. Body gray with yellowish stripes, dorsally with darker spots; setae grayish shorter than the second instar; T1 and T2 with setae anteriorly projecting; between T2 and T3, dorsally with a tuft of red setae; A3-A5, and A8 dorsally with a perceptible tuft of dark setae; A9-A10 with longer setae posteriorly projecting; legs and abdominal prolegs red.

Fourth instar (Fig. 13G, H ). Average duration: 9-11 days (n = 18); head capsule width 2.24-2.41 mm (n = 10); body length 29 mm (n = 1); head color as in third instar. Body gray sprinkled with dark and yellowish spots; T1-T3 bears long gray setae anteriorly projecting, covering the head; between T2 and T3, dorsally with a tuft of bright red setae; A1-A8, dorsally with a tuft of dark setae, longer on A3-A5, and A8; A9 and A10 with longer setae posteriorly projecting; legs and abdominal prolegs dark red.

Fifth instar (Fig. 13I, J ). Average duration: 9-11 days (n = 15); head capsule width 3.6-3.8 mm (n = 2); body length approximately 45.4-45.9 mm (n = 2); head color as in fourth instar. Body as in the fourth instar, but with smaller setae. Prepupa, average duration: 2-4 days.

Pupae (Fig. 16 ).

Average duration: 58-60 days (n = 10); length 21-22 mm (n = 2), obtect, stout, heavily sclerotized, all appendages concealed to the body; antennae broad at the base, tapering rapidly to the apex, reaching two thirds the length of the wings; eyes small; proboscis not visible, wings short with truncated apex; margin of segments A1-A6 notched; spiracles narrowly elliptical; without cremaster or anal hooks. The first imagos emerged 60 days after pupation.

Life history.

After being collected, the female was placed in a plastic container where it oviposited 110 eggs on the container wall. After about 15 days, the larvae hatched from the egg by cutting a small semicircular opening on the dorsal surface of the chorion. The larvae preferred to feed on Handroanthus sp. ( Bignoniaceae ). During the first and second instars, larvae fed by scraping both the adaxial and abaxial surfaces of the leaf; from the third on, larvae ate the entire leaf.

During the first and second instars, the larvae were very active all day and night, and when threatened, they released themselves from the host plant to the ground by a silk strand. From the third instar on, the larvae were less active during the day, spending this period resting on the branches of the host plant. In the last instar, when threatened, the larvae bristled the dorsal setae of the thoracic segments, making visible the arrangement of the red setae located in this region.

When larvae reached the prepupa, they left the host plant and walked on the soil of the container, burying in it after a few hours to pupate. The underground chamber was not found. After pupating, the earlier imagos emerged in about 60 days, while the latter in about 120 days. There was no difference between the emergence time of females and males. When both emerged on the same night, they immediately mated. An unmated female oviposited about 130 eggs, while a female that had copulated oviposited about 270 eggs.

Distribution.

Based on museum records, the species is present in the Argentina state of Entre Ríos and the Brazilian states of Espírito Santo, Minas Gerais, Paraná, Rio de Janeiro, Santa Catarina, and São Paulo (Fig. 22 ).

Etymology.

This species is named in honor of the parents of the first author, who always encouraged the first and second authors to persist in their studies; the specific epithet is a combination of their first names, Jair and Ana.

Material examined.

Holotype. (Fig. 2C, D ) BRAZIL. 1 ♂; Parque Estadual do Guartelá, 980 m, Paraná, deposited at the DZUP, with the following labels: / Holotypus / Parque Estadual do Guartelá, Tibagi, Paraná, Brasil 11-12.X. 2018, 980 m, 24°33'59.85"S 50°15'25"W, Carneiro, Venâncio, Moreira and Orlandin leg/ Holotypus Olceclostera jairana Orlandin and Piovesan det. 2023/ DZ 43.101/ BC-DZ/ Gen. Prep. E. Orlandin 2021/ DZ 43.101 ♂ Olceclostera jairana Orlandin and Piovesan det. 2023/.- Paratypes. ARGENTINA. Entre Ríos: Parque Nacional El Palmar, Intendencia, trampa de luz 26 m, 31°52.126'S 58°12.502'W, E. Núñez Bustos, C. Kopuchian and N. García leg. 2 ♂♂, MACN-Bar-Lep 01621 (Sample ID)/ MACN-En 24657 (Voucher Museum) and MACN-Bar-Lep 01742/ MACN-En 25200 (MACN). BRAZIL. Espírito Santo: Santa Teresa, Curva do Violão, 690-890 m, 19°59'16.01"S 40°33'3.97"W 1 ♂ 29-30.VI.2019, D. Dolibaina leg. (DD). Minas Gerais: Aiuruoca 1300 m, 22°00'S 44°38'W 1 ♂ 10-12.X.2018, Col. Becker 157220 (VOB). Espera Feliz, Sítio Sereno, 1200 m, 20°21'27.78"S 41°51'3.93"W, 3 ♂♂ 11-14.I.2021, D. Dolibaina leg. (DD). Paraná: Adrianópolis, Parque Estadual das Lauráceas 24°48'45.90"S, 48°41'9.54"W 1 ♂ 18-20.IV.2018, O. Mielke, Casagrande, Carneiro, Piovesan, Dantas and Santos leg./ DZ 45.719/ Gen. Prep. E. Orlandin 2021/ DZ 45.719 ♂ Olceclostera jairana Orlandin and Piovesan det. 2023; 1 ♂ 18-20.IV.2018, O. Mielke, Casagrande, Carneiro, Piovesan, Dantas and Santos leg./ DZ 45.813/ Gen. Prep. E. Orlandin 2021/ DZ 45.813 ♂ Olceclostera jairana Orlandin and Piovesan det. 2023; 1 ♂ 26-29.X.2019, Orlandin E. and Cafisso C. leg./ DZ 52.855/ Gen. Prep. E. Orlandin 2021/ DZ 52.855 ♂ Olceclostera jairana Orlandin and Piovesan det. 2023; 1 ♂ 26-29.X.2019, Orlandin E. and Cafisso C. leg./ DZ 52.856 (DZUP). Campina Grande do Sul, 897 m, 25°15'11.1"S 48°52'59.14"W 2 ♂♂ 10.XI.2017 (CDH). Guaratuba, 622 m, 25°49'55.30"S 48°55'48.51"W 1 ♂ 20.X.2011 / genitalia prep. D. Herbin, ref H. 966; 840 m, 25°51'47.55"S 48°55'01.87"W 1 ♂ 12.XI.2017. Ponta Grossa, Parque Estadual de Vila Velha, 1.060 m, 25°14'34"S, 50°0'14"W 1 ♂ 23-25.I.2020, E. Orlandin and C. Cafisso leg./ BC-DZ/ DZ 40.950; 1 ♂ 23-25.I.2020, E. Orlandin and C. Cafisso leg./ DZ 52.863; 1 ♂ 14-20.XII.2020, E. Orlandin, M. Piovesan and C. Cafisso leg./ DZ 52.869/ Gen. Prep. E. Orlandin 2021/ DZ 52.869 ♂ Olceclostera jairana Orlandin and Piovesan det. 2023/ (DZUP). São José dos Pinhais, Chácara Corta-Vento, 970 m, 25°42'09.3"S, 49°04'19.3"W 1 ♂ 24-25.II.2020, E. Orlandin and C. Cafisso leg./ BC-DZ/ DZ 52.186; 1 ♂ 16.XI.2020, E. Orlandin, C. Cafisso and M. Piovesan leg./ DZ 53.021/ Gen. Prep. E. Orlandin 2021/ DZ 53.021 ♂ Olceclostera jairana Orlandin and Piovesan det. 2023; 1 ♂ 17-18.IX.2020, E. Orlandin, C. Cafisso and M. Piovesan leg./ DZ 52.317 (DZUP). Tibagi, Parque Estadual do Guartelá, 975 m, 24°33'59"S, 50°15'26"W 1 ♂ 18.I.2012 / genitalia prep. D. Herbin, ref H. 1652; 4 ♂♂ 18.I.2012 (CDH); 950-1000 m, 24°33'44"S, 50°15'33"W 1 ♂ 25-27.VII.2017, Dantas, Dias, Dolibaina and Queiroz-S Leg./ DZ 45.810/ Gen. Prep. E. Orlandin 2021/ DZ 45.810 ♂ Olceclostera jairana Orlandin and Piovesan det. 2023; 1 ♀ 25-27.VII.2017, Dantas, Dias, Dolibaina and Queiroz-S Leg./ DZ 45.742 (DZUP). Rio de Janeiro: Cachoeiras de Macacu, Valério 1 ♂ 10.XII.2011, N. Tangerini col./ Ex. Coleção Nirton Tangerini/ DZ 45.752/ Gen. Prep. E. Orlandin 2021/ DZ 45.752 ♂ Olceclostera jairana Orlandin and Piovesan det. 2023 (DZUP). Itatiaia, Parque Nacional do Itatiaia, 1000 m, 22°26'55.9"S 44°36'39.5"W 1 ♂ 10-20.I.2021, A.H.B Rosa leg./ DZ 52.287/ Gen. Prep. E. Orlandin 2021/ DZ 52.287 ♂ Olceclostera jairana Orlandin and Piovesan det. 2023 (DZUP); 910 m 1 ♂ 4-8.XII.2019, A. Soares, G. Marconato, M. A. Costa and N. Tangerini col., COL MNRJ H/N° 0601108, MN-LEP 0001686, 807 m, 22°27'16"S 44°36'29"W; 2 ♂♂ 7-8.IV.2021, T. Zacca leg./ MN-LEP 0002166 and MN-LEP 0002264/ T. Zacca prep. 2021, DNA-LAPEL 0000000243 and DNA-LAPEL 0000000280 (MNRJ). Petrópolis, 1 ♂ 6.VI.1959, Gagarin leg./ Ex. Col. Gagarin/ DZ 45.722/ Gen. Prep. E. Orlandin 2018/ DZ 45.722 ♂ Olceclostera jairana Orlandin and Piovesan det. 2023 (DZUP). Santa Catarina: Joaçaba, Nova Petrópolis, 811 m, 27°6'20.09"S, 51°37'14.83"W 1 ♂ 02.IV.2020, E. Orlandin leg., Ex. Larvae, DZ 52.191/ BC-DZ; 1 ♀ (Fig. 4A, B ) 02.VI.2020, E. Orlandin leg., Ex. Larvae, DZ 52.194/ BC-DZ/ Gen. Prep. E. Orlandin 2021/ DZ 52.194 ♀ 1 ♀ 20.VII.2020, E. Orlandin leg., Ex. Larvae, DZ 52.182; 800 m, 27°06'20.6"S 51°37'15.3"W 1 ♂ 02.IV.2020, A.H. Schneeberger, V.O. Souza and E. Orlandin leg./ DZ 53.111/ Gen. Prep. E. Orlandin 2021/ DZ 53.111 ♂ Olceclostera jairana Orlandin and Piovesan det. 2023 (DZUP). Immature stages: 001.1 - 141 eggs 26 first instar; 001.2 - 3 second instar; 001.3 - 1 third instar; 001.4 - 1 fourth instar; 001.5 - 2 fifth instar 2 pupae; 001.6 - 4 first instar head capsule; 001.7 - 6 second instar head capsule; 001.8 - 11 third instar head capsule; 001.9 - 11 fourth instar head capsule; 001.10 - 2 fifth instar head capsule; 001.11 - 2 pupa exúvia. PARATYPUS, Olceclostera jairana , XII.2019 - IV.2020, Nova Petrópolis, Joaçaba, Santa Catarina, Brasil, 811 m, 27°6'20"S 51°37'14"W, E. Orlandin leg. / PARATIPO / DZUPIL 0170 (DZUPIL). São Bento do Sul, Rio Vermelho, 3 ♂♂,. X.2004; 503 m, 26°20'00.77"S, 49°18'28.25"W 1 ♂ 23.X.2011 / genitalia prep. D. Herbin, ref H. 970; 9 ♂♂ 23.X.2011 (CDH). São Paulo: Caconde, 21°28'45"S, 46°35'34"W 1 ♂ 10-14.I.2018, L. Venancio leg./ DZ 52.943/ Gen. Prep. E. Orlandin 2021/ DZ 52.943 ♂ / Olceclostera jairana Orlandin and Piovesan det. 2023 (DZUP). Jundiaí, Japi, 23°13'S 46°56'W, 900 m 1 ♂ 13-16.II.2001, V.O. Becker col., Col. Becker 131737 (VOB). Ribeirão Grande, Intervales, 24°16'12"S 48°24'36"W, 1000 m 1 ♂, 06-07.XI.2021, V.O. Becker col., Col. Becker 165410 (VOB).

Remarks.

We found at the same locality specimens with one, two, or three spines at the apex of the aedeagus. However, specimens with a different number of spines present a molecular difference of less than 2% (Table 1 ).

Figures

Figure 2. Adult male of Olceclostera species: Olceclostera bifenestrata from Costa Rica. A dorsal view; B ventral view. Olceclostera jairana sp. nov. Holotype male from Parque Estadual do Guartela, Tibagi, Parana, Brazil. C dorsal view; D ventral view. Olceclostera quilombola sp. nov. Holotype male from Parque Estadual das Lauraceas, Adrianopolis, Parana, Brazil. E dorsal view; F ventral view. Olceclostera xeta sp. nov. Holotype male from RPPN Fazenda da Mata, Querencia do Norte, Parana, Brazil. G dorsal view; H ventral view. Olceclostera wayana sp. nov. Holotype male from French Guiana. I dorsal view; J ventral view.

Figure 4. Adult female of Olceclostera species: Olceclostera jairana sp. nov., from Nova Petropolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil. A dorsal view; B ventral view. Olceclostera quilombola sp. nov., from Sao Luis do Paraitinga, Sao Paulo, Brazil. C dorsal view; D ventral view. Olceclostera xeta sp. nov., from Estancia Dimas, Alto Parana, Paraguay. E dorsal view; F ventral view.

Figure 5. Male labial palpus of Olceclostera jairana sp. nov. A with sclaes; B without scales.

Figure 6. Lateral view of the scales that cover the tibia of Olceclostera. A Olceclostera jairana sp. nov.; B Olceclostera quilombola sp. nov.; C Olceclostera xeta sp. nov. The arrow points to the apex of the scales, which shows a different brown hue in each species.

Figure 7. Legs of Olceclostera jairana sp. nov. A male foreleg, lateral view; B male midleg, lateral view; C male hindleg, lateral view; D female, foreleg tarsomeres.

Figure 8. Olceclostera jairana sp. nov. male wing shape and venation.

Figure 9. Olceclostera jairana sp. nov. Large patch of broader scales on the abdomen. A lateral view; B detail.

Figure 10. Male genitalia of Olceclostera jairana sp. nov. A ventral view; B lateral view; C aedeagus, lateral view, apex with two spines; D aedeagus, apex with one spine; E aedeagus, apex with three spines.

Figure 11. Female genitalia of Olceclostera jairana sp. nov. A ventral view; B dorsal view; C lateral view; D signum detail.

Figure 12. Egg of Olceclostera jairana sp. nov. A three days after oviposition, dorsal view; B close to eclosion, lateral view; under scanning electronic microscopy (SEM) C dorsal view; D rosette cells; E micropylar openings; F aeropyles; G magnification of the aeropyles.

Figure 13. Immature stages of Olceclostera jairana sp. nov. A first instar, dorsal view; B first instar, lateral view; C second instar, dorsal view; D second instar, lateral view; E third instar, dorsal view; F third instar, lateral view; G fourth instar, dorsal view; H fourth instar, lateral view; I fifth instar, dorsal view; J fifth instar, lateral view.

Figure 14. Head chaetotaxy of first instar of Olceclostera jairana sp. nov. A frontal view; B lateral view.

Figure 15. Body chaetotaxy of first instar of Olceclostera jairana sp. nov. A dorsal view; B lateral view.

Figure 16. Pupa of Olceclostera jairana sp. nov. A dorsal view; B lateral view; C ventral view; D details of male genital scars; E details of female genital scars.

Figure 17. Male genitalia of Olceclostera quilombola sp. nov. A ventral view; B lateral view; C aedeagus lateral view.

Figure 19. Male genitalia of Olceclostera xeta sp. nov. A ventral view; B lateral view; C aedeagus lateral view; D cornuti detail.

Figure 21. Male genitalia of Olceclostera wayana sp. nov. A ventral view; B lateral view; C aedeagus lateral view; D detail of vesica with a plate with minute teeth.

Figure 22. Geographical distribution of new species of Olceclostera.