Galapagomystides kathyae, Pearson & Rouse, 2022

Pearson, Kaila A. M. & Rouse, Greg W., 2022, Vampire Worms; A revision of Galapagomystides (Phyllodocidae, Annelida), with the description of three new species, Zootaxa 5128 (4), pp. 451-485 : 474

publication ID	https://doi.org/ 10.11646/zootaxa.5128.4.1
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:26CA4EF0-61A1-4B60-8C7F-99CA8B8F8700
DOI	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6479931
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/98241665-3C1C-4B33-FF17-BF96FA7A41DF
treatment provided by	Plazi
scientific name	Galapagomystides kathyae
status	sp. nov.

Treatment

Galapagomystides kathyae View in CoL n. sp.

Figures 17 View FIGURE 17 , 18 View FIGURE 18

Diagnosis. First segment fused dorsally to prostomium. Wider prostomium. Elongated dorsal cirri on segments 1, 2 and 3. Elongated ventral cirri on segment 2.

Material Examined. Holotype: SIO-BIC A13418 View Materials * (prepared for SEM), White Lady vent, North Fiji Basin, Fiji, 16.9905° S 173.9147° E, ~ 1990 m depth, June 1, 2005, ROV Jason II. [GenBank COI= MZ 711261 View Materials ] GoogleMaps Paratypes: SIO-BIC A13422 View Materials , A13423 View Materials , A13424 View Materials , A4651 , A4645 , White Lady vent, North Fiji Basin , Fiji, ~ 1990 m depth; A4587, Tow Cam , Lau Back-arc Basin, Tonga, ~ 2720 m depth. For locality details see Table 1 View TABLE 1 . * indicates sequenced specimens .

Description. Holotype body length 14 mm long, 1 mm wide at segment 10 for ~65 segments. Body deep pink in life ( Fig. 17C View FIGURE 17 ). Body brown/orange with numerous dark pigmentation speckles in preserved (formalin/ethanol) state ( Fig. 17A, B, D View FIGURE 17 ). Lobe-like prostomium; nuchal organs not visible ( Fig. 18A View FIGURE 18 ). Anterior dorsal edge of prostomium with paired cylindrical antennae ~ 0.2 mm long ( Fig. 18A, D View FIGURE 18 ). Paired palps ventral to antennae, similar in shape and length to antennae ( Fig. 18D View FIGURE 18 ). Segment one dorsally fused to prostomium, following segments clearly demarcated ( Fig. 18A View FIGURE 18 ). Pair of elongated dorsal cirri [tentacular cirri] on each of segments 1 (~ 0.25 mm long), 2 (~ 0.25 mm long) and 3 (~ 0.2 mm long) ( Fig. 18A View FIGURE 18 ). All elongated dorsal cirri cirriform, tapering distally. Pair of elongated ventral cirri on segment 2 ~ 0.15 mm long ( Fig. 18D View FIGURE 18 ). Bulbous, rounded dorsal cirri ~ 0.08 mm long begin on segment 4 continuing posteriorly ( Fig. 18A, C View FIGURE 18 ). Conical, tapering ventral cirri ~ 0.1 mm long begin on segment 3 continuing posteriorly ( Fig. 18D View FIGURE 18 ). Ventral cilia bands present ( Fig. 18D View FIGURE 18 ). Parapodia uniramous, notopodial chaetae absent; neuropodium with central fascicle containing ~5–8 compound chaetae; one simple emergent acicula ( Figs 17E, F, G View FIGURE 17 , 18F View FIGURE 18 ). Compound chaetal shaft cylindrical; thin, flattened pointed blade extended from curved joint ( Fig. 17E View FIGURE 17 ). Pygidium with one pair of small lobed cirriform pygidial cirri ~ 0.1 mm long rounded distally ( Fig. 18B View FIGURE 18 ).

Variation. Paratypes largely match the holotype. The paratype SIO-BIC A4651 of G. kathyae n. sp. is a juvenile ( Fig. 17D View FIGURE 17 ), has less segments and is smaller than the holotype. This specimen was not sequenced but the morphology matches the holotype .

Remarks. Galapagomystides kathyae n. sp. is morphologically most like G. aristata and G. bobpearsoni n. sp. in having segment 1 dorsally fused to the prostomium. However, in the phylogenetic analyses, G. kathyae n. sp. was the sister group to G. verenae ( Fig. 2 View FIGURE 2 ). Galapagomystides kathyae n. sp. was found at both the North Fiji Basin and Lau Back-arc Basin, separated by 1110 km. The single specimen collected from the Lau Back-arc Basin does not have a DNA sequence but was morphologically like the holotype. The distinguishing morphological characteristics of G. kathyae n. sp. are a wide prostomium and elongated dorsal cirri originating from the second segment having a marked 90° angle distal to the body. The chaetal blades of G. kathyae n. sp. are thin and appear delicate, originating from a pointed joint.

Etymology. Galapagomystides kathyae n. sp. is named after the lead author’s mother, Kathy Reimer-Pearson, for her invaluable love and support, and who sparked the lead-author’s interest and enthrallment in invertebrates.