Acanthococcus costatus Danzig

Moghaddam, Masumeh & Watson, Gillian W., 2024, The Scale Insects Of Iran (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha) Part 3 The Soft Scales (Coccidae) And Other Families, Zootaxa 5542 (1), pp. 1-202 : 112

Acanthococcus costatus Danzig

( Fig. 49 , distribution map Fig. 88B )

Acanthococcus costatus Danzig, 1975: 43 . Eriococcus ulmi Tang, 1977: 45 .

Field characteristics: Body of live adult female oval, brown. Ovisac white with obvious transverse ribs and a depressed longitudinal zone along median body line ( Danzig 1975).

Microscopic diagnosis: Slide-mounted body of adult female oval. Antennae each with 6 segments, with segment III obviously the longest. Frontal lobes present. Eyes situated on margins. Legs small; hind coxa and femur with spinulae on anterior surfaces; hind coxa without translucent pores; tarsus longer than tibia; each tibia with 4 elongate setae (median seta absent); tarsal and claw digitules all slightly knobbed, longer than claw; each claw with a denticle. Anal lobes heavily sclerotized, each lobe with numerous teeth on mesad margin, dorsum with 3 enlarged setae, venter with 3 slender hair-like setae and a suranal seta. Anal ring dorsal, complete, with 1 row of pores and bearing 8 setae. Cauda present.

Dorsum with enlarged setae normally of 3 sizes: each segment with 2 or 3 large setae along each margin, each seta less than 2x as long as a dorsal enlarged seta; additional large setae often forming 2 longitudinal bands in medial area (not illustrated); medial area of abdominal segment VIII without enlarged setae. Macrotubular ducts present throughout. Microtubular ducts numerous.

Venter with elongate hair-like setae; enlarged setae similar to smallest size on dorsum, present along body margin. Apical labial segment with 4 pairs of long setae and 1 pair of shorter apical setae. Quinquelocular pores numerous over entire venter. Macrotubular ducts of 2 sizes; (i) larger setae numerous along body margin; and (ii) smaller setae fewer, present in medial or sublateral areas. Microtubular ducts absent. Cruciform pores present along lateral margins.

Distribution: Acanthococcus costatus is a Palaearctic species; it has been recorded from China, Russia and other nearby countries including Iran, Kermanshah province ( García Morales et al. 2016, Torabi et al. 2010).

Host-plants: The scale is oligophagous, having been recorded on two species in the genus Ulmus ( Ulmaceae ) ( García Morales et al. 2016), including in Iran ( Torabi et al. 2010).

Economic importance: Not known as a pest in Iran.

Natural enemies: None recorded in Iran.

Figures

FIGURE 49. Adult female of Acanthococcus costatus Danzig, reproduced from Kozár et al. (2013) (after Danzig (1975) with modifications), page 109, fig. 41, published by the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary.

FIGURE 88. Distribution maps of scale insect species in Iran covered in this work. A, Acanthococcus aceris Signoret; B, Acanthococus costatus Danzig; C, Acanthococcus isacanthus Danzig; D, Acantholecanium haloxyloni (Hall); E, Acanthopulvinaria orientalis (Nasonov); F, Anapulvinaria pistaciae (Bodenheimer); G, Anophococcus abaii (Danzig); H, Anophococcus cingulatus (Kiritchenko); I, Anophococcus insignis (Newstead); J, Anophococcus kondarensis (Borchsenius); K, Anophococcus sanguinairensis (Goux); L, Antecerococcus longipilosus (Archangelskaya).