Calidroides, SCHWARTZ, 2005

SCHWARTZ, MICHAEL D., 2005, Redescription of Strophopoda aprica Van Duzee and the Description of Two New Genera and Five New Species from the Southwestern United States and Northern Mexico (Heteroptera: Miridae), American Museum Novitates 3489 (1), pp. 1-24 : 7-11

Calidroides , new genus

TYPE SPECIES: Calidroides schaffneri , new species.

DIAGNOSIS: Within the Phylini recognized by the conspicuous pale, laterally produced knob on the propleuron anterior to the coxal cleft (fig. 4A, B); the black head with a conspicuous pale spot on the frons near each eye and sometimes with an additional medial spot; the generally unicolorous pale tibiae without dark spots (fig. 1); evaporative surface of metathoracic scent gland present only on posterior margin, ostiolar peritreme flattened and situated on lateral surface (fig. 4C); claws small, curved, base prominent, pulvillus large, apically detached from ventral margin of claw (fig. 4E); and male genitalia with a somewhat broad single vesical strap without a basal twist and abruptly attenuate distal to the secondary gonopore, strap sometimes with spinules adjacent to secondary gonopore and or apically, without gonopore sclerite (fig. 2). Of the small black phylines associated with angiosperms, most similar to Chlamydatus and Strophopoda . It is distinguished from the former by the form of the head, pretarsus, and vesica, and from the latter by the concolorous tibiae, longer antennal segments 2 and 3, and the structure of the vesica.

DESCRIPTION: Male: Small, moderately elongate, parallel­sided or tapered distally; range total length 2.08–2.50, range apex clypeus­cuneal fracture 1.45–1.68. COLOR­ ATION (fig. 1): dorsum either entirely black with a few conspicuous pale areas on head and antennae or dusky orange brown with black head and pale temporal spots; antennae black, segment 1 with a narrow white distal annulus, segment 2 sometimes broadly pale; legs pale yellow or pale orange, sometimes femora darkened basally, tibiae without black spots at base of spines, tarsi dark. SURFACE AND VESTITURE: Impunctate, smooth, moderately shining; vestiture composed of moderately densely distributed, recurved, shining, golden, simple setae of moderate length (fig. 4D). STRUCTURE: Head vertical, strongly projecting beyond anterior margin of eyes, frons tumid (fig. 4A), clypeus clearly visible from above; eyes small, separated from anterior margin of pronotum by distance equal to diameter of antennal segment 1; antennae of moderate length, segment 2 longer than width of head, slender, cylindrical; segment 3 subequal in length to segment 2; labium relatively stout, extending from apex to middle of middle coxae (fig. 4A); pronotum trapeziform in dorsal view, sometimes campanulate; laterally produced knob on the propleuron anterior to the coxal cleft (fig. 4A, B); evaporative surface of metathoracic scent gland reduced, present on posterior margin only, ostiolar peritreme slightly protruding and situated on lateral surface (fig. 4C); hemelytra parallel­sided or weakly converging posteriorly; claws small, curved, base prominent, pulvillus large, apically detached from ventral margin of claw; parempodia setiform (fig. 4E). GENITALIA (fig. 2): left side of genital segment with clump of five bristles (fig. 4F, G); vesica composed of single, untwisted, S­shaped strap, region proximal to secondary gonopore somewhat thickened and sometimes with spinules, region distal to secondary gonopore strongly attenuated with spinules near gonopore and with length equal to one quarter entire length of vesica, apex either narrow without spinules or somewhat thicker with spinules; secondary gonopore heavily sclerotized, relatively small, circular, distal margin broadly rounded, without area of attenuation, proximally without gonopore sclerite; phallotheca without distinctive features (fig. 4F); left paramere conventionally phyline, but with lateral protuberance in dorsal view (fig. 2D,E); right paramere somewhat round­ ed (fig. 2C).

Female: Body only slightly more ovate than in male; macropterous with apex of abdomen reaching to apex of cuneus in lateral view; coloration and vestiture similar to that of male; antennal segment 2 more slender and more strongly tapered toward base than in male.

ETYMOLOGY: Derived from the similarity (­ oides) of the vesica, in profile, in the type species schaffneri to the avian sandpiper genus Calidris (especially C. ferruginea , the curlew sandpiper). Gender masculine.

DISCUSSION: The pretarsal structure of Calidroides is similar to that of Strophopoda , Macrotylus Fieber, 1858 , and Nicholia Knight, 1929 . The concolorous tibiae, longer antennal segments 2 and 3, and the structure of the vesica will readily distinguish the new genus from Strophopoda . Macrotylus is easily distinguished from Calidroides by the more bristlelike vestiture, the more produced clypeus, the strongly tumid frons, the slender labium, the absence of a blunt precoxal protuberance on the propleuron, a much longer J­shaped vesica, and the elongate right paramere. The anterior portion of the propleuron in Nicholia is more tumid than is found in other Phylini ; however, this structure is never developed into a knoblike protuberance as in Calidroides . The former genus also has a much larger body size (about twice as long) than the new genus.

One female from near Totolapan, Oaxaca, Mexico ( TAMU) with contrasting pale and dark coloration may represent an additional new species of Calidroides , but I decline naming it until males are available .

The only host recorded for this genus is Allionia incarnata L. ( Nyctaginaceae ) from Presidio County, Texas.

Calidroides negro , new species

Figures 1 , 2

HOLOTYPE: Male: ‘‘ Mexico: Michoacan [,] 13 miles south of Nueva Italia, July 9, 1985 [,] Jones , Schaffner.’’ Deposited in the Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico.

DIAGNOSIS: Recognized by the moderately shining black body, head with three pale spots (fig. 1), propleuron with a bright pale tubercle anterior of coxal cleft, legs pale orange yellow, and an apically blunt, spinose vesica.

DESCRIPTION: Male: Small, parallel­sided; total length 2.36 (2.18–2.40), length apex clypeus­cuneal fracture 1.62 (1.45–1.68), maximum width across hemelytra 0.80 (0.71–0.87). MEASUREMENTS: Head width 0.58 (0.55–0.60), vertex width 0.29 (0.28–0.31), antennal length segment 1: 0.21 (0.20–0.23), 2: 0.69 (0.61–0.73), 3: 0.58 (0.54 –0.60), 4: 0.33 (0.26–0.38), labium length 0.71 (0.66–0.75), pronotum width 0.75 (0.70 –0.81), pronotum length 0.39 (0.36–0.41). COLORATION (fig. 1): shining black; frons with pair of pale yellowish white spots near each eye and medially; anterior margin of buccula pale; apex of antennal segment 1 with pale annulus, sometimes middle of segment 2 dusky; labium orange yellow with apex black; tubercle on propleura anterior of coxal cleft conspicuously white; membrane dark smoky, veins black; legs pale orange yellow, coxae and base of hind femora dark brown to black, tibiae slightly darkened, with pale setae and black spines, tarsus and claws black. SURFACE AND VESTI­ TURE: As in generic description. STRUC­ TURE: Pronotum trapeziform, in dorsal view; corial margins tapered distally; frons slightly tumid, clypeus clearly visible from above; anteocular distance equal to twice diameter of antennal segment 1; head projecting below eye by three times diameter of antennal segment 1; labium reaching apex of middle coxae. GENITALIA (fig. 2): vesical strap with spinules distal to secondary gonopore and on somewhat blunt apex.

Female: Very similar to male in coloration, but hemelytra somewhat wider. Total length 2.71 (2.57–3.00), length apex clypeuscuneal fracture 1.97 (1.83–2.12); maximum width across hemelytra 1.12 (1.00–1.25), head width 0.63 (0.61–0.66); vertex width 0.34 (0.32–0.35), antennal length segment 1: 0.22 (0.21–0.25), 2: 0.63 (0.58–0.69), 3: 0.55 (0.49 –0.61), 4: 0.33 (0.28–0.38), labium length 0.83 (0.78–0.88), pronotum width 0.94 (0.88–1.03); length 0.48 (0.45–0.53).

ETYMOLOGY: Negro, meaning black, in Spanish, for the overall dark coloration.

HOST: Unknown.

DISTRIBUTION: Southern montane Mexico.

PARATYPES: MEXICO: Jalisco: Cihuatlan , 17 mi SW of, July 22, 1966, P. M. and P. K. Wagner, 1/ ( TAMU) . Michoacan: Nueva Italia : 3 mi N of, July 8, 1985, Jones and Schaffner, 4?, 20/ [fig. 1 adult dorsal habitus photographs] ( AMNH, TAMU) ; 9 mi S of, July 30, 1988, Ferreira and Schaffner, 1/ ( TAMU) ; 13 mi S of, July 9, 1985, Jones and Schaffner, 9?, 16/ ( TAMU, UNAM) ; 17.3 mi S of, July 30, 1988, Ferreira, Schaffner, 5/ ( TAMU) ; 28.5 mi S of, July 9, 1985, Jones and Schaffner, 3/ ( TAMU) ; 30 mi S of, August 8, 1978, Plitt and Schaffner, 7?, 12/ ( TAMU, USNM) . Oaxaca: El Talaje, July 29, 1969, L. A. Kelton, 1?, 1/ ( CNC) ; Jalapa del Marquez , August 4, 1980, Schaffner, Weaver, and Friendlander, 1? ( TAMU) ; Tehuantepec , 6 mi W of, July 17, 1987, Kovarik and Schaffner, 1? ( TAMU) . Puebla: Izúcar de Metamoros , August 26, 1969, L. A. Kelton, 6?, 4/ ( CNC) .

Calidroides schaffneri , new species

Figures 1 , 2 , 4

HOLOTYPE: Male: ‘‘ Washington, Texas [,] Washington County [,] September 6, 1967 [,] J.C. Schaffner’ ’. Deposited in the Texas A&M University Insect Collection.

DIAGNOSIS: Distinguished from C. negro by the following features: dusky orange brown coloration (fig. 1); campanulate pronotum in dorsal view; usually more narrow head and vertex; shorter antennal segments; shorter labium; and pointed unarmed apex of vesica (fig. 2).

DESCRIPTION: Male: Small, parallel­sided; total length 2.25 (2.08–2.40), length apex clypeus­cuneal fracture 1.59 (1.51–1.66), maximum width across hemelytra 0.85 (0.83–0.91). MEASUREMENTS: Head width 0.54 (0.53–0.56), vertex width 0.27 (0.26–0.29), antennal length segment 1: 0.20 (0.19–0.23), 2: 0.62 (0.56–0.66), 3: 0.54 (0.48–0.58), 4: 0.26 (0.24 –0.28), labium length 0.58 (0.50–0.63), pronotum width 0.76 (0.71–0.80), pronotum length 0.38 (0.38–0.39). COLORATION (fig. 1): Head shining black, frons with pair of pale spots near each eye, carina at antennal insertion and buccula pale; apex of antennal segments 1 to 3 with pale annulus, labium orange brown, apex black; pronotum dark, dusky orange brown with broadly dark brown calli and propleuron, anterior margin and protuberant knob anterior of coxal cleft orange white; scutellum dusky brown, with pale diamond­shaped spot medially; hemelytra dusky orange brown with indistinct darker brown areas, cuneus somewhat more orange than corium; membrane smoky, veins pale; legs orange brown with coxae, femora diffusely darkened subapically, tibiae dark brown basally, with pale setae and black spines, tarsus and claws black. SURFACE AND VESTITURE: As in generic description (fig. 4D). STRUCTURE: Pronotum campanulate in dorsal view; corial margins parallel; frons slightly tumid, clypeus clearly visible from above; anteocular distance equal to twice diameter of antennal segment 1; head projecting below eye by three times diameter of antennal segment 1; labium extending to middle of middle coxae. GENI­ TALIA (figs. 2, 4F): vesical strap with spines proximal and distal to secondary gonopore, apex decurved, without spines.

Female: Very similar to male in coloration, except vertex pale medially as well as adjacent to eyes; body somewhat ovoid. Total length 2.42 (2.25–2.58), length apex clypeus­cuneal fracture 1.82 (1.73–1.91); maximum width across hemelytra 1.06 (0.95– 1.17), head width 0.58 (0.55–0.60); vertex width 0.31 (0.30–0.33), antennal length segment 1: 0.20 (0.19–0.20), 2: 0.62 (0.58– 0.66), 3: 0.51 (0.48–0.58), 4: 0.25 (0.24– 0.28), labium length 0.65 (0.61–0.68), pronotum width 0.90 (0.84–0.94); length 0.44 (0.39–0.48).

ETYMOLOGY: Named for Joseph C. Schaffner, collector of the holotype and most of the paratypes. Over his long career at the Department of Entomology , Texas A&M University, Joe has personally amassed undoubtably the best collection of Mexican and Tex­ an plant bugs. This is one of many new species of Miridae that have been ‘‘discovered’’ because of his efforts .

HOST: Allionia incarnata L. ( Nyctaginaceae ), trailing allionia, four­o’clock, or windmills is the only known host.

DISTRIBUTION: Southern Arizona and Texas as well as the western and eastern states of central Mexico.

PARATYPES: MEXICO: Jalisco: Guadalajara, 17 mi N of, July 6, 1984, J. B. Woolley, 2?, 6/ (TAMU); La Quemada, 20 mi N of, July 24, 1954, M. Cazier, W. Gertsch, Bradts, 1/ (AMNH); Plan de Barrancas, 5 mi W of, July 25, 1966, P. M. and P. K. Wagner, 3?, 3/ (TAMU). Michoacan: Nueva Italia, 17.3 mi S of, July 30, 1988, Ferreira, Schaffner, 10?, 9/ (TAMU). Nayarit: Acaponeta, August 7, 1964, L. A. Kelton, 21?, 14/ (CNC); San Blas, August 7, 1964, L. A. Kelton, 3?, 1/. Tamaulipas: Altas Cumbres, 12 mi W of Ciudad Victoria, June 18, 1986, R. Jones, 1? (TAMU). USA: Arizona: Pima Co. : Robles Jct., 1.5 mi S of, July 28, 1977, J. D. Pinto, 1/ (UCR); Sabino C[a]n[yon], July 7, 1950, L. D. Beamer, 1? (KU); Santa Rita IBP Destr. Site , August 26, 1970, D­ Vac, ACGR, 2/ (UAZ); Sonoita, 11.5 mi NW of, Santa Rita Mts , 318479120N, 1108449380W, 5190 ft, August 24, 2000, J. C. Schaffner, 1? (TAMU); Tucson, 16 mi S of, August 11, 1924, E. P. Van Duzee, 1/ (CAS). Texas: Presidio Co.: Presidio, 13 mi N of, September 30, 1966, C. L. Cole, Allionia incarnata L. ( Nyctaginaceae ), 5?, 15/ (TAMU); Presidio, August 8, 1938, H.G. Johnston, 1/ (TAMU). Washington Co.: Washington, September 6, 1967, J. C. Schaffner, 34?, 69/ [fig. 1, adult dorsal habitus photographs] (AMNH, TAMU, UNAM, USNM).

Figures

Fig. 1. Habitus views of Calidroides, Chlamyopsallus, Pseudopsallus, and Strophopoda spp.

Fig. 2. Male genitalia of Calidroides, Chlamyopsallus, and Strophopoda spp. A. vesica. B. phallotheca. C. right paramere. D. left paramere, lateral view. E. left paramere, dorsal view. Scale 5 0.10 mm.