Cyclaspis, SARS, 1865

Haye, Pilar A., 2007, Systematics of the genera of Bodotriidae (Crustacea: Cumacea), Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 151 (1), pp. 1-58 : 16-19

CYCLASPIS SARS, 1865

Synonymy: Pseudocyclaspis Radhadevi & Kurian, 1981b .

Type species: Cyclaspis quadriplicata Sars, 1865 Body : Carapace shorter than abdomen and longer than peraeon; abdomen longer than carapace and peraeon together.

Cephalothorax: From dorsal view the carapace may be compressed laterally, anteriorly, posteriorly or in the medial portion; carapace may be oviform posteriorly. Carapace may have mid-dorsal ridge, mid-dorsal serration, dorso-lateral, lateral, anterior transverse and/ or posterior transverse ridges. Pseudorostral lappets may extend beyond frontal lobe and meet in midline, extend towards midline but not meet (or partially meet leaving a suture between them) or be widely separated. Antennal notch may be distinct as a depression, subacute or acute incision. Anterolateral corner bluntly rounded, with subacute or acute tooth. Frontal lobe may be from 1/5 or less to half of the carapace length; as wide as long or longer than wide; anteriorly linguiform or somewhat extended; may have ocular pigment and bears eye lenses.

Antenna 1 with basal article of the peduncle geniculate, arcuate or straight; variable in length with respect to the other two articles together. Main flagellum uni-, bi- or tri-articulated; with second article longer than third; with zero, one or more aesthetascs in distal-most article. Accessory flagellum reduced or absent. When present, accessory flagellum is uni- or bi-articulated; may have aesthetasc. Antenna 2 in males reaching almost the end or the end of pleon; with sensory setae on anterior margin of article four. Antenna 2 in females with one or two articles.

Maxilliped 3 basis geniculate, arcuate or straight; extended dorso-distally over ischium beyond the articulation of the ischium and merus. Ischium as long as or shorter than merus. Merus extended dorso-distally over carpus or expanded laterally. Carpus may be distally widened or oviform; variable in length with respect to propodus and dactylus together. Propodus may be oviform or distally or proximally widened; may have a brush of setae on propodus.

Peraeon: First peraeonite well exposed, visible only above lateral midline or not visible. Peraeonite 2 narrow or proportional to other peraeonites; may have ventrolateral expansion not overriding other somites, overriding peraeonite 1 and/or carapace, peraeonite 3, peraeonite 1 and/or carapace and peraeonite 3. Peraeonite 3 may have ventrolateral expansion extended forward overriding peraeonite 2, backwards overriding peraeonite 4 or forward and backwards overriding peraeonites 2 and 4. Peraeonite 4 may have a ventrolateral expansion overriding peraeonite 5 or peraeonites 3 and 5.

Peraeopod 1 with basis arcuate or straight; may have row of setae; basis may be slightly projected ventrally; inner apical angle may be extended to form a subtriangular tooth-like or a convex process; may have a brush (three or more) of long setae on the propodus (setae longer than carpus) or setae in a linear arrangement along propodus; carpus variable in length with respect to propodus; dactylus with or without three terminal setae. Peraeopod 2 with ischium; dactylus and propodus approximately same length or dactylus longer. Peraeopod 4 with ischium.

Pleon: Articular pegs may be present. Pleonite 6 longer than wide; variable in length with respect to peduncle of uropod. Pleonite 6 may or may not be slightly or well extended between the bases of the uropods. When whole width of terminal end of pleonite 6 is extended it ends in a point, concave (with two projections) or a rounded apex. When wide or narrow portion of the distal end of pleonite 6 is extended it ends in a point, line or a rounded apex. Anal plates may extend posteriorly beyond distal margin of pleonite 6.

Uropod endopod uni-articulated. Uropod exopod with proximal article shorter than distal one. Peduncle of uropods variable in length with respect to rami; rami variable in length with respect to each other. Rami with or without terminal setae. Males with five pairs of pleopods. When present, the process of the endopod of the pleopod is well-developed or reduced.

Species included:

1. C. affinis Lomakina, 1968

2. C. agrenosculpta Tafe & Greenwood, 1996 ( C. cf. agrenosculpta Mühlenhardt-Siegel, 2003 )

3. C. alba Roccatagliata, 1986

4. C. alveosculpta Tafe & Greenwood, 1996

5. C. amamiensis Gamô, 1963

6. C. andersoni Tafe & Greenwood, 1996

7. C. antipai Petrescu, 1995

8. C. argus Zimmer, 1902

9. C. aspera Hale, 1944

10. C. australis Sars, 1887

11. C. australora Day, 1978

12. C. bacescui Omholt & Heard, 1982

13. C. bengalensis Kurian, 1954

14. C. bicornis Zimmer, 1921 a

15. C. bidens Gamô, 1962

16. C. bituberculata Donath-Hernández, 1988

17. C. bovis Hale, 1928

18. C. breedyae Petrescu & Heard, 2004

19. C. brevipes Hale, 1948

20. C. cana Hale, 1944

21. C. candida Zimmer, 1921b

22. C. candidoides Bâcescu, 1992

23. C. caprella Hale, 1936

24. C. chaunosculpta Tafe & Greenwood, 1996

25. C. cheveyi Fage, 1945

26. C. cingulata Calman, 1907a

27. C. clarki Hale, 1944

28. C. coelebs Calman, 1917

29. C. concepcionensis Donath-Hernández, 1988

30. C. concinna Hale, 1944

31. C. cooki Tafe & Greenwood, 1996

32. C. costata Calman, 1904

33. C. cottoni Hale, 1937

34. C. cretata Hale, 1944

35. C. cristulata Gamô, 1987

36. C. daviei Tafe & Greenwood, 1996

37. C. dentifrons Zimmer, 1944

38. C. dolera Zimmer, 1944

39. C. elegans Calman, 1907a

40. C. exsculpta Sars, 1887

41. C. formosae Zimmer, 1921 a

42. C. fulgida Hale, 1944

43. C. gezamuelleri Petrescu, 1998

44. C. gibba Hale, 1944

45. C. gigas Zimmer, 1907

46. C. globosa Hale, 1944

47. C. goesi ( Sars, 1871) ( Stephanoma goesii Sars, 1871 ; Cyclaspis unicornis Calman, 1907a ; Cyclaspis goesi Petrescu, 2002 )

48. C. granulata ( Radhadevi & Kurian, 1981b) ( Pseudocyclaspis granulata Radhadevi & Kurian, 1981b ; Cyclaspis granulata Petrescu, 2002 )

49. C. granulosa Hale, 1944

50. C. hermani Calman, 1904

– C. hermani hermani Calman, 1904

– C. hermani annamensis Fage, 1945

51. C. indoaustralica Bâcescu, 1992

52. C. iorgui Ortiz & Lalana, 2002

53. C. hornelli Calman, 1904

54. C. iphinoides Bâcescu & Muradian, 1975

55. C. jamaicensis Petrescu, Illiffe & Sarbu, 1993

56. C. jonesi Roccatagliata, 1985

57. C. juxta Hale, 1948

58. C. kensleyi Petrescu, 2002

59. C. kerguelenensis Ledoyer, 1977

60. C. levis Thomson, 1892

61. C. linguiloba Lin & Lin, 1990

62. C. lissa Mühlenhardt-Siegel, 2003

63. C. longicaudata Sars, 1865

64. C. longipes Calman, 1907a

65. C. lucida Hale, 1944

66. C. marisrubri Bâcescu & Muradian, 1975

67. C. mawsonae Hale, 1944

68. C. mexicansis ( Radhadevi & Kurian, 1981b) ( Pseudocyclaspis mexicansis Radhadevi & Kurian, 1981b )

69. C. micans Roccatagliata, 1985

70. C. mjoebergi Zimmer, 1921 a

71. C. mollis Hale, 1944

72. C. nalbanti Petrescu, 1998

73. C. munda Hale, 1944

74. C. nitida Hale, 1944

75. C. nubila Zimmer, 1936

76. C. ornosculpta Tafe & Greenwood, 1996

77. C. oxyura Roccatagliata & Moreira, 1987

78. C. perelegans Roccatagliata & Moreira, 1987

79. C. persculpta Calman, 1905

80. C. peruana Zimmer, 1943

81. C. picta Calman, 1904

82. C. pinguis Hale, 1944

83. C. platymerus Zimmer, 1944

84. C. prolifica Bâcescu, 1990

85. C. pruinosa Hale, 1944

86. C. pura Hale, 1936

87. C. purpurascens Gamô, 1964c

88. C. pusilla Sars, 1887

89. C. pustulata Zimmer, 1943

90. C. popescugorji Petrescu, 1998

91. C. pseudolongicaudata Ledoyer, 1997

92. C. quadrituberculata Zimmer, 1907

93. C. quadruplicata Kurian, 1951

94. C. reticulata Roccatagliata, 1985

95. C. roccatagliatai Petrescu, 1995 (Synonymy: C. roccatagliatae Petrescu, 1995 )

96. C. rudis Hale, 1948

97. C. sabulosa Hale, 1944

98. C sallai Tafe & Greenwood, 1996

99. C. scissa Day, 1978

100. C. sculptilis Roccatagliata & Moreira, 1987

101. C. sheardi Hale, 1944

102. C. sibogae Calman, 1905

103. C. similis Calman, 1907a

104. C. simonae Petrescu et al., 1993

105. C. simula Hale, 1944

106. C. spectabilis Zimmer, 1908

107. C. spilotes Hale, 1928

108. C. sterreri Petrescu, 2002

109. C. stocki Bâcescu, 1990

110. C. striata Roccatagliata & Moreira, 1987

111. C. strigilis Hale, 1944

112. C. strumosa Hale, 1948 ( C. cf. strumosa Mühlenhardt-Siegel, 2003 )

113. C. subgrandis Jones, 1969

114. C. sublevis Hale, 1948

115. C. supersculpta Zimmer, 1921b

116. C. tasmanica Jones, 1969

117. C. testudinum Zimmer, 1943

118. C. thomsoni Calman, 1907a

119. C. tranteri Tafe & Greenwood, 1996

120. C. tribulis Hale, 1928

121. C. triplicata Calman, 1907a

122. C. uniplicata Calman, 1907a

123. C. ursulae Mühlenhardt-Siegel, 2003

124. C. usitata Hale, 1932

125. C. vargasae Petrescu & Heard, 2004

126. C. variabilis Roccatagliata, 1986

127. C. varians Calman, 1912

128. Cyclaspis sp. Kurian, 1954

129. Cyclaspis sp. Lomakina, 1968

130. Cyclaspis sp. Gladfelter, 1975

131. Cyclaspis sp. A Dexter, 1979

132. Cyclaspis sp. B Dexter, 1979

133. Cyclaspis sp. nov. 1 Tafe & Greenwood, 1996 134. Cyclaspis sp. nov. 2 Tafe & Greenwood, 1996

Remarks: Cyclaspis is the most specious of the bodotriid genera. Cyclaspis species are not easily diagnosed. This genus had been a ‘grab bag’ for species of the Bodotriinae (L. Watling, pers. comm.) that share some of a suite of characters, including: pseudorostral lappets not extending beyond the frontal lobe, welldeveloped eye lenses, distal article of main flagellum of antenna1 with at least one aesthetasc, basis of maxilliped 3 extended dorso-distally over ischium beyond the articulation of the ischium and merus, peraeopod 2 and 4 with ischium present, articular pegs in the abdomen, pleonite 6 longer than wide and uropod endopod uni-articulated. There is great morphological variability within the genus Cyclaspis and, following a detailed analysis, it should be divided into several related genera.

Distribution: Present in all the oceans. Most common at depths lower than 50 m in temperate latitudes of the Southern Hemisphere, particularly in the Indo- West Pacific and Australian coasts.