Schwenckfeldina carbonaria, (MEIGEN, 1830)

Menzel, Frank, Smith, Jane E. & Chandler, Peter J., 2006, The sciarid fauna of the British Isles (Diptera: Sciaridae), including descriptions of six new species, Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 146 (1), pp. 1-147 : 129-132

SCHWENCKFELDINA CARBONARIA (MEIGEN, 1830)

Synonyms: frauenfeldi ( Winnertz, 1867) ; illepida ( Winnertz, 1867) ; indigena ( Winnertz, 1867) ; pilosa Antonova, 1975 .

Literature:? Verrall (1886): 180; Edwards (1925a): 537 [all as Sciara ]; Edwards (1938): 201 [as Sciara (Neosciara) ]; Grensted (1944): 202; Laurence (1952): 90 [all as Sciara ]; Kidd (1953): 137; Parmenter (1960): 71 [all as Sciara (Bradysia) ]; Freeman (1983b): 21; Laurence (1994): 118; Chandler et al. (1996): 258; Laurence (1996): 86; Laurence (1997a): 85; Laurence (1997b): 228; Menzel (1998): 22; Chandler (2001): 201 [as Schwenkfeldina ; recte Schwenckfeldina ].

Material examined: Acton, Greater London , 2 males, no date [19th century], no collector details ( BMNH) . Alice Holt Forest , Hampshire, 2 males, 23.viii.1999, Chandler leg. ( NMS) . Annahala bog, Gearagh , Cork, 1 male, 6.iv.1990; 2 males, 10.v.1990; 4 males, 10.viii.1990; 1 male, 25.viii.1990; 6 males, 24.ix.1990, all de Courcy Williams leg. ( DEI, NMID) . Arrochar, Argyll & Bute , 1 male, 26.v.1905, King leg. ( NMS) . Ayot Green , Hertfordshire, 2 males, 15.v.1949, Colyer leg. ( BMNH) . Bagley , Oxfordshire, 1 male, 19.v.1928; 1 male, 12.v.1938, all Hamm leg. ( UMO) . Baldock , Hertfordshire, 2 males, 1 female, v.1918, Edwards leg. ( BMNH) . Ballynalacken , Clare, 2 males, 1 female, 31.viii.1959, Richards leg. ( BMNH) . Bayfordbury Estate, Hertford , Hertfordshire, 1 male, 2.v.1975; 2 males, 20.v.1975, all J.H. Cole leg. ( PJCB) . Bearsted , Kent, 1 female, v.1896, Green leg. ( BMNH) . Beddington, Greater London , 1 male, 19.v.1935, Parmenter leg. ( BMNH) . Bembridge , Isle of Wight, 1 male, 2 females, 29.viii.−7.ix.1932, Coe leg. ( BMNH) . Binfield, Berkshire , 1 male, 13.v.1923, Dudgeon leg. ( BMNH) . Binnegar Quarry , Dorset, 1 male, 15.viii.2002, Gibbs leg. ( PDGB) . Bix Bottom , Oxfordshire, 1 male, 23.ix.2000, Raper leg. ( PDGB) . Black Park , Buckinghamshire, 1 male, 9.ix.1944, Richards leg. ( BMNH) . Blessington, shore of Lacken Reservoir , Wicklow, 1 male, 15.ix.1966, Chandler leg. ( PPCM) . Bolt Wood, Stockerston , Leicestershire, 2 males, 24.viii.2003, Menzel & J.E. Smith leg. ( DEI, HRI) . Bookham Common , Surrey, 1 female, 12.v.1946, Parmenter leg. ( BMNH) . Bournemouth, Dorset, 1 male, 26.viii.− 12.ix.1991, George leg. ( PPCM) . Brampton Wood , Cambridgeshire, 1 male, 14.v.1966; 1 female, 25.v.1987, all J.H. Cole leg. ( PJCB) . Brandon Marsh, Ryton-on-Dunsmore, West Midlands , 9 males, 1 female, 22.viii.2002, Menzel & J.E. Smith leg. ( DEI, HRI) . Brodick, Arran , North Ayrshire, 1 male, 22.v.− 25.v.1919, Edwards leg. ( BMNH) . Bromley, Greater London , 1 female, 20.v.1966; 1 male, 2.ix.1966, all Chandler leg. ( NMS, PPCM) . Brown’s Folly, Avon , 1 male, 24.viii.2000, Gibbs leg. ( PDGB) . Burledge Hill, Avon , 1 male, 23.vi.2001, Gibbs leg. ( PDGB) . Burren, near Caher River , Clare, 1 male, 7.vi.−8.vi.1970, Vane- Wright leg. ( BMNH) . Byfleet , Surrey, 1 male, 15.ix.1920, Coe leg. ( BMNH) . Cadair Idris , Gwynedd, 1 male, 4.ix.1993, Laurence leg. ( PBLN) . Caher, Burren , Clare, 2 males, 7.v.−8.v.1970, Vane-Wright leg. ( BMNH) . Castlefreke , Cork, 1 male, 12.v.1989, Withers leg. ( PPWM) . Castlehill, Dumfries & Galloway , 1 female, 22.ix.1979, Duncan leg. ( NMS) . Catacol, Arran , North Ayrshire, 1 male, ix.1920, J. Waterston leg. ( BMNH) . Chedworth , Gloucestershire, 1 male, 5.vi.1936, Edwards leg. ( BMNH) . Chesil Beach , Dorset, 1 male, 12.ix.1968, Vane-Wright leg. ( BMNH) . Coed-y-Brenin , Gwynedd, 1 male, 18.ix.1968, Vane- Wright leg. ( BMNH) . Collinpark Wood , Gloucestershire, 1 male, 3.ix.2002, Gibbs leg. ( PDGB) . Comrie, Perth & Kinross , 1 female, 14.ix.−23.ix.1940, Kevan leg. ( NMS) . Coombe Abbey Country Park , Coventry, Warwickshire, 56 males, 28.viii.2003, Menzel & J.E. Smith leg. ( DEI, HRI) . Corsemalzie, Dumfries & Galloway , 1 female, v.1899, Gordon leg. ( NMS) . Cothill , Oxfordshire, 2 males, 6.v.1934, Collin leg. ( UMO) ; 2 males, 28.viii.1989, Chandler leg. ( NMS) . Cripplegate, Greater London , 1 male, 17.v.1947, Parmenter leg. ( BMNH) . Daneway , Gloucestershire, 1 male, 12.x.1979, Chandler leg. ( NMS) . Dinton Pastures Country Park, Berkshire , 1 male, 1.v.1993; 1 male, 8.viii.1993; 1 female, 13.viii.1995; 1 male, 1 female, 13.vii.1998, all Chandler leg. ( NMS, PPCM) . East Harptree Combe , Somerset, 1 female, 6.vii.1985, Chandler leg. ( PPCM) . Ebbor Gorge , Somerset, 1 male, 3.vii.1989, Chandler leg. ( NMS) . Emerson’s Green, Avon , 1 male, 12.v.2001, Gibbs leg. ( PDGB) . Emo Park , Laois, 1 male, 11.vii.1971, Chandler leg. ( PPCM) . Felbridge , Surrey, 1 male, 26.v.1974, Chandler leg. ( PPCM) . Fisher’s Wood, Bromley, Greater London , 1 female, 10.v.1966, Chandler leg. ( NMS) . Five Oaks , Devon, 1 male, 16.v.1954, Spooner leg. ( BMNH) . Forest of Dean , Gloucestershire, 2 males, 1 female, 27.v.1962, K.G.V. Smith leg. ( BMNH) . Galway’s Bridge, Killarney , Kerry, 1 female, 8.ix.1981, J.P. O’Connor leg. ( NMID) . Gearagh , Cork, 1 male, 19.v.1990; 1 male, 26.ix.1990; 5 males, 10.x.1990, all de Courcy Williams leg. ( DEI, NMID) . George Green , Buckinghamshire, 1 male, 1.v.1943, Richards leg. ( BMNH) . Glasshouse Crops Research Station, Littlehampton , West Sussex, 1 male, 10.ix.1956, Hussey leg. ( HRI) . Glen Lednock, Perth & Kinross , 1 female, 21.ix.1944, Kevan leg. ( NMS) . Glendurgan , Cornwall, 1 male, 3.x.1983, Chandler leg. ( PPWM) . Gomshall , Surrey, 1 male, 14.v.1939, Parmenter leg. ( BMNH) . Goring-on-Thames , Oxfordshire, 1 male, 1 female, 30.iv.1959; 1 female, 11.v.1962, all J.H. Cole leg. ( PJCB) . Hackhurst Farm, Gomshall , Surrey, 1 male, 27.viii.1966, Chandler leg. ( PPCM) . Hartslock , Oxfordshire, 1 male, 14.v.2000, Raper leg. ( PDGB) . Hayling Island , Hampshire, 1 male, 21.iv.1953 (reared), no collector detail ( BMNH) ; 6 males, 1 female, 21.iv.1963, Vane-Wright leg. ( BMNH) . Hay Wood, Baddesley Clinton, Solihull, West Midlands , 4 males, 25.viii.2002, Menzel leg. ( DEI) . Henfield , West Sussex, 3 females, 14.v.1989, J.H. Cole leg. ( PJCB) . Hickling , Norfolk, 1 female, v.1988; 2 males, v.1989, all Foster & Procter leg. ( PBLN) ; 1 male, 27.v.1991, Withers leg. ( PPWM) . Hitchin , Hertfordshire, 3 females, vi.1918, Edwards leg. ( BMNH) . Hobb’s Quarry , Gloucestershire, 1 male, 4.ix.2002, Gibbs leg. ( PDGB) . Hod Hill , Dorset, 1 male, 1 female, 22.v.1968, Edwards leg. ( BMNH) . How Hill , Norfolk, 1 male, 27.v.1989; 1 male, 13.viii.1989, all Withers leg. ( PPWM) . Hunstanton , Norfolk, 1 female, 16.v.1937, Parmenter leg. ( BMNH) . Inishowen , Donegal, 1 female, ix.1928, Latham leg. ( NMS) . Kelham Bridge, Ravenstone , Leicestershire, 5 males, 1 female, 24.viii.2003, Menzel & J.E. Smith leg. ( DEI, HRI) . Killaun Bog , Offaly, 3 males, ix.2000, Withers leg. ( PPWM) . Kirtling , Cambridgeshire, 3 males, 1 female, 9.v.1920, Collin leg. ( UMO) . Knebworth , Hertfordshire, 1 male, 7.ix.−9.ix.1923, Edwards leg. ( BMNH) . Knole Park , Kent, 2 males, 20.v.1967; 2 males, 12.ix.1971, all Chandler leg. ( NMS, PPCM) . Lancelot Clark Storth Nature Reserve , Cumbria, 2 males, 27.viii.1965, J.H. Cole leg. ( PJCB) . Lea Meadows, Newtown Linford , Leicestershire, 66 males, 5 females, 24.viii.2003, Menzel & J.E. Smith leg. ( DEI, HRI) . Leaves Green, Greater London , 1 male, 18.v.1968, Chandler leg. ( NMS) . Leckford Estate , Hampshire, 3 males, 1 female, 19.v.−20.v.1971; 1 male, 3.vi.1972, all Stubbs leg. ( PPCM) ; 1 male, 26.viii.1972; 1 male, 1977 (reared), Chandler leg. ( PPCM) . Lelant , Cornwall, 1 male, 1 female, 16.viii.1912, Yerbury leg. ( BMNH) . Letchworth , Hertfordshire, 1 male, 1 female, v.1917; 1 male, vi.1917, all Edwards leg. ( BMNH) . Little Wenallt , Monmouthshire, 1 male, 9.vii.1980, Chandler leg. ( NMS) . Llandre , Ceredigion, 1 male, 1 female, 31.viii.1943, Richards leg. ( BMNH) . Loch Earn, Perth & Kinross , 1 female, 23.ix.1940, Kevan leg. ( NMS) . Lough Luogh , Clare, 1 male, 31.v.1984, J.P. O’Connor leg. ( NMID) . London, Greater London , 1 female, iii.1955, Buxton leg. ( BMNH) . Long Range, Killarney , Kerry, 1 male, 14.ix.1981, J.P. O’Connor leg. ( NMID) . Lopham Fen , Norfolk, 1 male, 20.v.1990, Withers leg. ( PPWM) . Lough Bunny , Clare, 1 male, 21.v.1985, J.P. & M.A. O’Connor leg. ( NMID) . Mereworth Wood , Kent, 1 male, 29.viii.1966, Chandler leg. ( NMS) . Mersea , Essex, 1 male, x.1909, no collector detail ( BMNH) . Middle Hope, Avon , 1 male, 9.v.2001, Gibbs leg. ( PDGB) . Mitcham Common, Greater London , 1 male, 1 female, 19.v.1937, Parmenter leg. ( BMNH) . Monument Field, Epping Forest , Essex, 1 male, 1 female, 19.iv.−2.v.1999, Dagley leg. ( HRI) . Narborough Bog, Whetstone , Leicestershire, 11 males, 24.viii.2003, Menzel & J.E. Smith leg. ( DEI, HRI) . Natural History Museum, South Kensington, Greater London , 1 male, 16.v.1916, Edwards leg. ( BMNH) . New Barnet, Greater London , 1 female, 27.viii.1964, K.G.V. Smith leg. ( BMNH) . New Forest , Hampshire, 3 males, 16.v.1968, Parmenter leg. ( BMNH) . Newbridge Fen , Kildare, 1 male, 8.viii.−19.viii.1998, Good leg. ( PPWM) . Newmarket , Cambridgeshire, 7 males, 2 females, 19.v.1884; 1 male, 1 female, 22.viii.1894; 2 males, 31.v.1908, all Verrall leg. ( BMNH, UMO) . Northwood, Greater London , 1 female, 12.v.1921, Austen leg. ( BMNH) . Oxford University Museum, Oxford , Oxfordshire, 1 female, 13.v.1921; 1 female, 28.v.1924, all Hamm leg. ( UMO) . Patcham , East Sussex, 1 male, 1 female, 15.v.1935; 1 male, 24.v.1936, all Parmenter leg. ( BMNH) . Pencarreg, Carmarthen , 1 male, 28.ix.1974, Chandler leg. ( NMS) . Pennington , Hampshire, 4 males, 12.v.1964, Colyer leg. ( BMNH) . Plymouth, Devon, 2 males, 1 female, 14.v.1954, Spooner leg. ( BMNH) . Porthcawl , Bridgend, 1 male, 18.v.1906, Yerbury leg. ( BMNH) . Purn Hill, Avon , 1 male, 21.viii.2001, Gibbs leg. ( PDGB) . Putsborough , Devon, 1 male, 10.viii.−16.viii.1946, d’Assis-Fonseca leg. ( BMNH) . Radwell , Hertfordshire, 1 male, viii.1918; 1 male, viii.1919, all Edwards leg. ( BMNH) . Rhôs Rhydd , Ceredigion, 1 male, 25.ix.1986, Holmes, Boyce & Reed leg. ( PPWM) . River Teme, Bromfield , Shropshire, 1 male, 24.v.2002, Pont leg. ( HRI) . Rodborough Forest , Gloucestershire, 3 males, 1.v.−2.v.1944, Bainbridge-Fletcher leg. ( BMNH) . Rostrevor , Down, 1 female, 16.ix.1925, Johnson leg. ( NMID) . Ryton Wood, Bubbenhall, Coventry, West Midlands , 10 males, 25.viii.2002, Menzel & J.E. Smith leg. ( DEI, HRI) . Salisbury , Wiltshire, 1 female, 26.v.1972, Dear leg. ( BMNH) . Sally Gap , Wicklow, 1 male, 9.ix.1999, Withers leg. ( PPWM) . Sandbanks , Hampshire, 2 females, 13.v.1951, Colyer leg. ( BMNH) . Savernake Forest , Wiltshire, 1 male, 24.ix.1972, Chandler leg. ( PPCM) . Scragh Bog , Westmeath, 1 male, 10.v.1989, Withers leg. ( PPWM) . Selkirk , Scottish Borders, 1 female, 12.ix.1962, Pelham-Clinton leg. ( NMS) . Sheep Leas, West Horsley , Surrey, 1 female, 21.v.1966, Chandler leg. ( PPCM) . Shrubland Park , Suffolk, 1 male, 27.viii.1920, Morley leg. ( BMNH) . Slough, Berkshire , 1 female, 11.v.1933; 1 male, 20.viii.1936; 1 male, 2.ix.1938; 1 male, 11.v.1942; 1 female, 31.viii.1942, all Richards leg. ( BMNH) . Snailbeach , Shropshire, 4 males, 17.iv.1908, Verrall leg. ( UMO) . 1 male, 8.v.1921, Edwards leg. ( BMNH) . St. David’s Airfield , Pembrokeshire, 1 male, 29.ix.1987, Holmes, Boyce & Reed leg. ( PPWM) . Stamford , Lincolnshire, 1 male, 17.v.1937, Parmenter leg. ( BMNH) . Stoke Common , Buckinghamshire, 1 male, 9.ix.1967, Chandler leg. ( NMS) . Stoke Row , Oxfordshire, 1 female, 3.vi.1962, Burtt leg. ( BMNH) . Stoke Wood , Herefordshire, 2 males, 5.iv.1905; 2 males, 5.ix.1905, all Verrall leg. ( BMNH, UMO) . Stokeford Heath , Dorset, 1 male, 7.v.2001, Gibbs leg. ( PDGB) . Tarrington , Herefordshire, 1 male, 7.ix.1905, Verrall leg. ( UMO) . Terenure, Dublin City , Dublin, 1 male, 7.v.1989, Ashe leg. ( NMID) . The Loke, Norwich , 1 male, 7.ix.1987; 2 males, 13.v.1988; 1 male, 16.viii.1988; 2 males, 5.vi.− 13.vi.1989; 1 male, 2.v.−6.v.1992; 2 males, 4.v.− 6.v.1993; 1 male, 30.vii.−2.viii.1993; 3 males, 27.viii.− 1.ix.1997, all Laurence leg. ( PBLN) . Thornham Magna , Suffolk, 1 male, 29.viii.1988, Withers leg. ( PPWM) . Thundersley Glen , Essex, 1 male, 30.iv.1986, Withers leg. ( PPWM) . Tilgate Forest , West Sussex, 1 male, 28.v.1939, Parmenter leg. ( BMNH) . Tocil Wood, Warwick University Campus , Coventry, Warwickshire, 1 male, 28.viii.2003, J.E. Smith leg. ( HRI) . Tomies Wood, Killarney , Kerry, 1 male, 15.ix.1981, J.P. O’Connor leg. ( NMID) . Totton , Hampshire, 1 female, no date, Vardy leg. ( BMNH) . Upton, Chester, Cheshire , 1 male, 21.v.1958, Colyer leg. ( BMNH) . Upton Meadows, Slough, Berkshire , 1 female, 7.v.1942, Richards leg. ( BMNH) . Walney , Cumbria, 1 male, 20.viii.1992, Birkett leg. ( PPCM) . Wellesbourne , Warwickshire, 3 males, 1999; 5 males, 2 females, 10.v.−24.v.2001, all J.E. Smith leg. ( HRI) . West Malling , Kent, 1 male, 29.viii.1966, Chandler leg. ( PPCM) . West Mersea , Essex, 1 male, 1 female, 24.vii.1909, Wesche leg. ( BMNH) . Weston Big Wood, Avon , 1 male, 1.ix.2001, Gibbs leg. ( PDGB) . Weston , Hertfordshire, 1 male, 4.x.1931, Edwards leg. ( BMNH) . Wexham Place Wood , Buckinghamshire, 1 male, 7.vi.1967, Chandler leg. ( NMS) . Wheatfen Broad , Norfolk, 1 male, 11.vii.1987, Withers leg. ( PPWM) . Whitnash brook, Sydenham, Leamington Spa , Warwickshire, 1 male, 4.ix.2003, J.E. Smith leg. ( HRI) . Wicken Fen , Cambridgeshire, 1 male, 8.vii.1989, Chandler leg. ( NMS) ; 1 male, 12.v.1990, Withers leg. ( PPWM) . Willes Meadow, Leamington Spa , Warwickshire, 4 males, 1 female, 27.viii.2002, Menzel & J.E. Smith leg. ( DEI, HRI) . Windermere , Cumbria, 1 female, vi.1929, Edwards leg. ( BMNH) . Windsor Forest, Berkshire , 1 male, 8.ix.1980, Chandler leg. ( PPCM) . Wisley , Surrey, 1 male, 10.v.1923, Dudgeon leg. ( BMNH) . Wood Green, Greater London , 1 male, 12.v.1946; 1 female, 23.viii.1947; 3 females, 14.v.1948; 1 female, 3.ix.1948; 1 female, 26.v.1951, all Colyer leg. ( BMNH) . Woodbastwick , Norfolk, 1 male, viii.1932, Edwards leg. ( BMNH) . Woodditton Wood , Cambridgeshire, 1 male, 20.v.1928, Collin leg. ( UMO) . Woodwalton Fen , Cambridgeshire, 1 male, 4.ix.1971; 1 male, 16.v.1982, all J.H. Cole leg. ( PJCB) . Woolacombe Bay , Devon, 2 males, 14.viii.1945, Richards leg. ( BMNH) . Wychwood , Oxfordshire, 1 male, 12.ix.1998, Chandler leg. ( NMS) . Wytham Woods, Wytham , Oxfordshire, 10 males, 21.viii.2002, Menzel & J.E. Smith leg. ( DEI, HRI) .

Ecological notes: very common in all types of woodland; sandy and wet heathland; wetlands including fens, reed and sedge beds, Cladium beds with tufa, basin mire, quaking and raised bogs, butterbur swamp, lake and river margins and wet meadows; former gravel workings; open glen with stream; meadow hedges and ditches; pasture; common on calcareous and neutral grassland; open montane habitats; grikes; coastal shingle; grounds of horticultural research station; gardens; cabbage field. At hawthorn flowers; larvae in group at base of grass stems, adults in large swarm. Reared from the fungus Peziza carnea and poplar log, in laboratory. iii–xi.