Euophrys rapida C. L. Koch, 1846

Barry J. Richardson, 2010, A Review of the Jumping Spider Fauna (Araneae: Salticidae) of Chile, Zootaxa 2418, pp. 1-49 : 32-34

Euophrys rapida C. L. Koch, 1846

Figs 2 G, 3A, 80–88

Euophrys rapida C. L. Koch, 1846: 214 , fig. 1259; Galiano, 1981: 94. Aphiraphe rapida : C. L. Koch, 1850: 67.

Phiale rapida: Simon, 1903: 701 , 702.

Euophrys pehuenche Galiano, 1968: 240 , figs 8–11, 14, 18; Galiano and Maury, 1979: 310. New Synonomy.

Remarks. Examination of the type of E. rapida shows that it is indistinguishable from the paratypes and description of the holotype of E. pehuenche in Galiano (1968) in the relevant details of the genitalia and colour patterns (see comparative drawings in Figs 80–88 ). There is some variation in the position of the insemination ducts as they may pass partially under or over the spermathecae.

Type material: Holotype: Euophrys rapida , ♀, Chile ( ZMB 1811 ) .

Paratypes: E. pehuenche , 13, Lota L.P. , Chile, L. Peña ( MACN 6002 , 1957) ; 1♀, El Radal , Chile, L. Peña ( MACN 6003 , 1957) .

Other material examined. CHILE: 13, 1 imm., Lonquimay, Malcahuello Way , 71.52°W, 38.43°S, 18 January 2007, E. Arias et al., fogging, Nothofagus forest ( BJR1113 , CAS) ; 1♀, Lonquimay, Malcahuello Way , 71.52°W, 38.43°S, 18 January 2007, E. Arias et al., fogging, Nothofagus forest ( BJR1113 , CAS) ; 1♀, Villarrica , Flor del Lago Ranch , 72.13°W, 39.20°S, 11 December 2003, E. Arias et al., hand ( BJR983 , CAS) ; 23, Oncol Park, Quitaqui Way , 73.32°W, 39.70°S, 24 February 2008, C. Griswald, beating ( BJR1106 , CAS) ; 23, Punta Curinanco , 73.40°W, 39.72°S, 9 January 2007, E. Arias et al., fogging, Aetoxicom ( BJR1011 , CAS) ; 33, 1 imm., Res. Costera Valdiviana, La Garzas , 73.58°W, 40°S, 26 February 2008, E. Arias et al., fogging ( BJR1115 , CAS) ; Res. Costera Valdiviana, La Garzas , 73.58°W, 40°S, 26 February 2008, E. Arias et al., fogging ( BJR1115 , CAS) ; 13, Chaihuin , 73.02°W, 40.02°S, 26 February 2008, B. J. Richardson, beating ( BJR1112 , CAS) ; 13, Res. Costera Valdiviana, La Garzas , 73.58°W, 40°S, 27 February 2008, E. Arias et al., fogging ( BJR1081 , CAS) ; 2♀, Chinquen , Chile, 76.05°W, 41.67°S, 1 March 2008, E. Arias et al., fogging ( BJR847 , CAS) .

Diagnosis. The species is distinguishable from the other species of Euophrys in Chile by colour pattern. The palps are black or dark brown, separating this species from all but E. mapuche and E. tehuelche . The femur and tibia of the male palp of E. rapida are dark brown/black, unlike the other two species which are only lightly coloured. The legs in the male are dark coloured with yellow areas and a narrow black longitudinal band along the dorsal surface of the femurs and the tibia of L1 ( Fig. 3 A) not found in other species of the genus. It lacks the well developed white clypeal fringe present in E. rusticana . The long, narrow shape of the tibial apophysis of the palp is also distinctive. The females are light yellow with brown markings on the abdomen and the morphology of the female genitalia is distinctive, separating this species from all but E. rusticana ( Figs 89–95 ). The guides around the fossae are only very lightly sclerotised, and the spermatheca does not extend posterior to the fossa unlike E. rusticana . The face and leg markings are also different in the different species ( Figs 2 G, 3A).

Description: Male: Cephalothorax dark brown to black with lighter section around and rearwards from the fovea ( Fig. 81 ). Surrounds of ALE, PME and PLE, and sides of cephalothorax, black. Scattered and variable pattern of white pennate hairs over the cephalothorax. Clypeus narrow, yellow, clypeal fringe not well developed. Chelicerae vertical, brown grading to yellow, with two promarginal teeth and one retromarginal tooth. Endites, labium and sternum brown. Ventral abdomen black with white spots. Abdomen elliptical, with underlying fawn colour and a distinctive pattern of strong black markings ( Fig. 81 ). Spinnerets yellow. Legs dark coloured with yellow areas and a narrow black longitudinal band down the dorsal surface of the femura, and the tibia of L1 not found in other species of the genus in Chile ( Fig. 3 A). Femur with three dorsal and three distal dorsolateral spines. Patella of L1 without spines, L2–4 with a lateral spine. L1 and L2 tibias with three pairs of ventrolateral spines, metatarsi with three pairs of ventrolateral spines. L3 and L4, tibias with three pairs of ventrolateral spines and two ventral spines, metatarsi with three pairs of ventrolateral spines and one ventral spine. Palp: dark brown to black with lighter areas, tibia with distinctively shaped apophysis ( Figs 86–87 ). Tegulum with distinct ventrolateral lobe, embolus relatively small, with anticlockwise spiral. Dimensions: CL 1.99±0.07 (6), EFL 0.82± 0.05 (6), CW 1.39±0.05 (6), AEW 1.31±0.05 (6), AMEW 0.82±0.03 (6), PEW 1.27±0.03 (6), SL 0.86± 0.04 (6), (P4+T4) 1.41±0.10 (6).

Female: Same as the male except cephalothorax lighter. Epigynum ( Figs 82–85 ): lightly sclerotised, with two C-shaped fossae mostly lateral to the spermatheca and with distinctive, well separated copulatory openings on the dorsal edge of the fossae. Insemination ducts short/medium length passing anterior to the fossae and ventral to the inner edge of the spermathecae, spermathecae rounded. Dimensions: CL 2.72±0.09 (2), EFL 1.58± 0.04 (2), CW 1.95±0.04 (2), AEW 1.58±0.04 (2), AMEW 1.02±0.04 (2), PEW 1.61±0.09 (2), SL 1.24, (P4+T4) 1.89± 0.04 (2).

Distribution. Known from scattered localities in both the coastal and Andean forests ( Fig. 88 ). Replaced northward from about Temuco by E. rusticana .

Figures

FIGURE 2. Male face patterns (semidiagramatic) in the genus Euophrys. Stippled areas are orange / mid-brown in colour, plain areas yellow, black areas are black or very dark brown. White or light grey pennate hairs are found in different patterns in different species. In each species there is some significant variation in the intensity of the colouring. Pattern unknown for E. saitiformis.

FIGURE 3. Semi-diagrammatic colour patterns of the first and fourth legs of males in the genus Euophrys. Light stippled areas are orange / mid-brown in colour, plain areas yellow, dark stipples areas are black or very dark brown. In each species there is some variation in the intensity of the colouring. L 4, left; L 1 right.

FIGURES 80 – 88. Euophrys rapida. 80 – 81 dorsal view (80 female, 81 male); 82 – 85 female genitalia (82 dorsal view of cleared E. rapida holotype, 83 ventral view of external characteristics of E. rapida holotype, 84 dorsal view of cleared E. pehuenche paratype, 85 ventral view of external characteristics of E. pehuenche paratype); 86 – 87 male palp (86 ventral view, 87 lateral view); 88 known distribution. Scales: total body 1 mm; remainder 0.2 mm

FIGURES 89 – 95. Euophrys rusticana. 89 – 90 dorsal view (89 female, 90 male); 91 – 92 female genitalia (91 dorsal view of cleared specimen, 92 ventral view of external characteristics); 93 – 94 male palp (93 ventral view, 94 lateral view); 95 known distribution. Scales: total body 1 mm; remainder 0.2 mm