Stigmacoccus garmilleri Foldi

Hodgson, Chris, Gamper, Heather, Bogo, Amauri & Watson, Gillian, 2007, A taxonomic review of the Margarodoid genus Stigmacoccus Hempel (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: Coccoidea: Stigmacoccidae), with some details on their biology, Zootaxa 1507, pp. 1-55 : 8-11

Stigmacoccus garmilleri Foldi

( Fig. 3 )

Stigmacoccus garmilleri Foldi, 1995: 173 .

Material studied. HOLOTYPE Ψ: MEXICO, Chiapas, Huitepec, April 1992, on Quercus sp., C. Macias ( MNHN): 1/1adΨ in fair condition.

Other material. MEXICO, Veracruz, Chiconquiaco, 20.iv.2002, on stem of Quercus sp., H. Gamper (Gullan collection): 2/2adΨΨ, in good condition, split into dorsum and venter.

Note: description below refers to all three slides.

Unmounted material. "Femelle adulte extraite d'un test dur de couleur noirâtre, fixé sur les branches de chênes." ( Foldi, 1995).

Mounted material. Length 6–8 mm, width 4–5 mm; mature adult without a roundish area of sclerotisation on head and derm in this position without a pattern of minute reticulations. Antennae 10 segmented; legs fairly well developed, some tibia slightly malformed but not strongly bent; both thoracic and abdominal spiracles without associated groups of loculate pores; hairs and hair-like setae present, frequent; loculate pores frequent over body, mainly with 5 loculi, each usually with 1–5 hairs on derm near margin; tubular pores abundant throughout, of two sizes.

Dorsum. Derm on head without a pattern of minute reticulations. Setae (hair-like setae and hairs) rather sparse, both 13–25 ųm long; hairs most abundant associated with loculate pores. Derm of head without large spinose pores. Dermal pores of 6 types present: (i) loculate pores each 12–14 ųm wide, with mainly 5 loculi and with 1–5 hairs on derm near pore margin: present throughout, perhaps most abundant on head, prothorax and posterior abdominal segments; (ii) small spinose pores: each about 6–7 ųm wide, generally slightly convex with a central spike: perhaps absent from head, otherwise sparse throughout, perhaps most abundant on posterior abdominal segments; (iii) small convex pores each about 3–5 ųm wide: with 0–3 near each eyespot; (iv) minute simple pores in a band around anal opening; (v) minute sclerotised pores, each about 1.5–2.0 ųm wide and tall: very sparse, and (vi) oval segmented pores (cicatrices of Foldi, 1995), each about 5–20 ųm long and 5–15 ųm wide; slightly convex, upper surface usually divided into 1–8 segments (usually about 3–5, but septa obscure): abundant posterior to anus on abdominal segment VIII and throughout segment VII; also a few present on VI. Tubular pores of perhaps two sizes: each about 20–23 ųm total length, larger pores 14–16 ųm wide, smaller pores 8–10 ųm wide; smallest pores present medially on abdomen. Anus and anal tube as in generic description (anal tube everted on holotype female); anal opening also with 2 "finger-like" inner processes, each about 95 ųm long. Eyespots located just posterior to scape, each about 50–80 long, 40–50 ųm wide. Abdominal spiracles as in generic description: outer atrium about 50–55 ųm long, about 50 ųm wide; middle atrium about 16–20 ųm long, 65 ųm wide, and inner atrium 50 ųm long, 65 ųm wide, with a narrow, sclerotised area about 25 ųm long, within opening to trachea; total length about 140 ųm; all spiracles without an associated concentration of loculate pores around opening; posterior pair of spiracles on segment VIII about 200 ųm apart.

Venter. Hair-like setae slightly longer and less spinose than those on dorsum, but some with basal sclerotisation as on hairs; each 40–66 ųm long; longest and densest medially on posterior abdominal segments. Stout, spine-like setae: 1-3 present laterad to each thoracic spiracle, each up to about 16 ųm tall and 7 ųm wide at base. Pores mainly as on dorsum: (i) loculate pores only slightly more abundant along margins of vulva than elsewhere on segments VII and VIII, these loculate pores near vulva mainly without associated hairs; without a concentration near each thoracic spiracle; (ii) small spinose, (iii) small convex and (iv) minute sclerotised pores as on dorsum; (v) segmented pores as on dorsum: present throughout segments VII and VIII and also with a few medially on segment VI; smaller segmented pores not detected near mouthparts. Tubular pores as for dorsum but less frequent and mainly small. Antennae 10 segmented, each 1.5–1.6 mm long; scape with many setae but no pores; pedicel narrower, sclerotised along proximal margin, about as long as wide, with many setae plus about 3 or 4 campaniform sensilla; segments III–IX each 110–160 ųm long, with a broad band of setae and a few antennal bristles; apical segment longer than broad, about 177–230 ųm long, with many setae + 3 large and several smaller bristles. Thoracic spiracles rather small: width of peritremes about 100 ųm, length of muscle plate + spiracle 300 ųm; peritreme probably with 2 rows of small pores, but these obscure; each spiracle without an associated group of loculate pores. Legs: metathoracic: lengths (ųm): coxa 510–580; trochanter + femur 845–1020; tibia 800–890; tarsus 480–550; claw 140–150; coxae with about 10– 18 spiniform setae present on ventral surface near articulation with trochanter; trochanter with 10–12 campaniform sensilla on each side; all tibia showing some signs of deformation, either with a ridge about 2/3rds along length or slightly bent; each tibia with spur-like setae along ventral margin, those distally about 40–65 ųm long; also with 2 or 3 campaniform sensilla on lateral margins about 1/2 way along length; tarsi each with 3 tarsal campaniform sensilla; with many setae, those along ventral and lateral margins spur-like; claw digitules setose, with 1 or 2 on each margin; claw without a denticle, although occasionally slightly serrate. Vulva about 630–700 ųm wide; each margin with 2 long "finger-like" inner ducts, each about 350–450 ųm long, and with a sparse band of loculate pores, each mainly without associated hairs; vaginal wall apparently without groups of more heavily sclerotised loculate pores in longitudinal lines.

Comment. S. garmilleri is easily separated from the other two species in having 10-segmented antennae. It also has: (i) 1–5 hairs on derm near margin of most loculate pores; (ii) tubular pores frequent throughout most of derm, particular on head; (iii) concentrations of loculate pores absent from near thoracic spiracles; (iv) loculate pores only slightly more abundant along margins of vulva than elsewhere; and (v) absence of large spinose pores on head.

The differences between the holotype female and the other two (non-type) specimens were small – the latter specimens were slightly more mature and larger.

This is the species of Stigmacoccus mentioned by Greenberg et al. (1993) when describing their observations on birds feeding on the honeydew of a Stigmacoccus species in Chiapas, Mexico, and also the species currently being studied by Gamper et al. in Chiconquiaco, Veracruz, Mexico.

Figures

FIGURE 3. Adult female Stigmacoccus garmilleri Foldi. For letters, see Fig. 1.