Stigmacoccus paranaensis Foldi

Hodgson, Chris, Gamper, Heather, Bogo, Amauri & Watson, Gillian, 2007, A taxonomic review of the Margarodoid genus Stigmacoccus Hempel (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: Coccoidea: Stigmacoccidae), with some details on their biology, Zootaxa 1507, pp. 1-55 : 11-13

Stigmacoccus paranaensis Foldi

( Fig. 4 )

Stigmacoccus paranaensis Foldi, 2006: 108

Material studied. HOLOTYPE: BRAZIL, Paraná, Vila Velha, on trunk of Inga sp. ( Fabaceae ), 8.ix.1985, I. Foldi ( MNHN, 10365-1): 1/1adΨ in good condition.

Other material. BRAZIL, Sta Catarina, Florianopolis, Campus of Univ. Fed. de Santa Catarina, on trunk of Schizolobium excelsum (Fabaceae) , 20–25.xii.1998, G. Mottana ( BMNH): 5/5ad ΨΨ (in fair to good condition).

Note: description refers to all material.

Unmounted material. "Femelle adulte extraite d'un test dur de couleur noirâtre, fixé sur le tronc d' Inga ." (Foldi, 2006).

Mounted material. Length 5–6.5 mm, width 4.5–5.5 mm, approximately egg-shaped, bluntest anteriorly. Antennae 6–9 segmented; legs fairly well developed but all placed rather far forwards and all tibia strongly bent; with loculate pores present in a loose group between spiracles and margin; abdominal spiracles without associated loculate pores; setae rather sparse; loculate pores each mainly with 5 loculi, without associated groups of hairs on derm near margins, abundant in segmental bands; tubular pores of more or less one size only, most abundant on head.

Dorsum. Derm on head without a pattern of minute reticulations. Hairs and hair-like setae both 15–25 ųm long; sparse, perhaps most abundant on head and abdominal segment VII. Derm without large spinose pores. Dermal pores of 4 types present: (i) loculate pores frequent, each 10–12 ųm wide, with mainly 5 loculi and a fine inner ductule; without associated hairs on derm near pore margin: more or less abundant throughout; (ii) minute spinose pores, each about 2.5–4 ųm wide, generally almost flat to slightly convex but some rather more convex with a central spine; each with a distinct inner ductule and generally with some lightly sclerotised derm around each pore; sparse throughout, possibly most abundant posteriorly; (iii) small convex pores, each about 2.5–4 ųm wide, about as tall as wide and sclerotised: with at least 10 associated with each eyespot, and (iv) oval segmented pores each about 20–25 ųm wide at widest point; slightly convex, upper surface divided by distinct septa into mainly 3 segments (occasionally up to 5); abundant around anus on abdominal segment VIII and laterally on segment VII; also a few present laterally on VI. Minute pores around anus not found. Tubular pores less abundant than loculate pores throughout most of body but abundant on head, especially dorsally; approximately all of one size although those on head and margins of abdomen slightly larger than elsewhere; largest pores each 25–28 ųm long and 8–12 ųm wide; each with a filamentous inner ductule. Anus as in generic description but anal tube not visible on any specimen. Eyespots each 25–45 ųm wide. Abdominal spiracles as in generic description: outer atrium about 40 ųm long, 40 ųm wide (much wider on type: length 16–25 ųm, width about 50 ųm); broad middle atrium about 60–65 ųm wide; inner atrium 55–65 ųm long, 65–75 ųm wide, with a sclerotised "plug-like" structure about 30–35 ųm long; abdominal spiracles without associated loculate pores.

Venter. Setae about as abundant as on dorsum, perhaps sparsest on abdomen, but hairs perhaps slightly less frequent; 1 or 2 (rarely 0) setae near each thoracic spiracle short, stout and spine-like, each 8–13 ųm long. Pores mainly as on dorsum: (i) loculate pores particularly abundant along each vulva margin; also with a group between each thoracic spiracle and margin; (ii) small spinose pores, (iii) convex pores and (iv) segmented pores as on dorsum but latter more widespread, present throughout segments VII and VIII and also with a few medially on segments V and VI; also with some much smaller segmented pores in a loose group of about 10 just anterior to mouth folds, each about 10 ųm wide; number of divisions unclear but perhaps more than 5. Tubular ducts as for dorsum but perhaps less frequent. Antennae 6- to 9-segmented, each 0.9–1.18 mm long; scape with many setae but no pores; pedicel narrower, lightly sclerotised, slightly elongate, with many setae plus 4–10 campaniform sensilla; segments III to preapical segment each about 100–130 ųm long, with a broad band of setae + a few antennal bristles; apical segment longer than broad (about 200 ųm long) with many setae + about 12 large and several smaller bristles. Thoracic spiracles: width of peritremes 70–85 ųm, width of atrium 95–115 ųm, length of muscle plate + spiracle 200–250 ųm; each with a loose group of loculate pores laterad to peritreme. Legs: placed rather far forward and all tibia slightly malformed: metathoracic legs: lengths (ųm): coxa 435–520; trochanter + femur 625–775; tibia 520–605; tarsus 285–320; claw 95; each side of trochanter with 8–11 campaniform sensilla; tibia quite strongly bent outwards about 2/3rds along of length; each tibia with 2–4 campaniform sensilla about 1/4–1/3rd along length; all leg segments with many setae, those along ventral and lateral margins of tibia and tarsus spur-like; each tarsus with 0 or 1 campaniform sensilla; claw digitules both short but with one shorter than other; claw without a distinct denticle but occasionally with a hint of about 3 minute ones. Vulva about 375 ųm wide, with many loculate pores and setae along each margin; vaginal wall with groups of more heavily sclerotised loculate pores on short fingerlike extensions into haemocoel; each group with 2 to about 25 pores; groups more or less in 3 elongate rows; inner ductules not visible.

Comment. The major differences between the adult females of this species and those of S. asper are: (i) absence of any sign of sclerotisation dorsally on head; (ii) presence of many tubular ducts on dorsum of head; (iii) presence of frequent tubular ducts over most of rest of derm; (iv) presence of abundant loculate pores on both margins of vulva; (v) absence of fleshy dermal spines, and (vi) presence of a band of loculate pores between each thoracic spiracle and margin. It differs from S. garmilleri in having (character-states on S. garmilleri in brackets): (i) 6- to 9-segmented antennae (10 segmented); (ii) loculate pores without hairs on derm close to pore margin (with hairs near pore margin); (iii) a loose group of loculate pores between each thoracic spiracle and margin (absent), and (iv) groups of heavily sclerotised loculate pores on walls of vagina (absent).

No significant differences were noted between the two lots of material.

Figures

FIGURE 4. Adult female Stigmacoccus paranaensis Foldi. For letters, see Fig. 1.