Taraxacum sandomiriense Wolanin, Phytotaxa 375(2): 159. 2018.

Wolanin, Mateusz, Klichowska, Ewelina, Jedrzejczyk, Iwona, Rewers, Monika & Nobis, Marcin, 2023, Taxonomy and distribution of Taraxacum sect. Erythrosperma (Asteraceae) in Poland, PhytoKeys 224, pp. 1-88 : 1

11. Taraxacum sandomiriense Wolanin, Phytotaxa 375(2): 159. 2018.

Type.

Poland, Kamien Lukawski , path on the edge of the loess slope (near the reserve), 50°41'N, 21°47'E, 6 May 2013, M. Wolanin (holotype KRA 476861; isotype KRA 476862) .

Description.

Plants small to middle-sized, 6-10(-12) cm tall. Leaves greyish-green, dull, hairy on the upper side, approximately (3-)5-10(-15) cm long and 1-2.5 cm wide, usually 3-5 times longer than wide, blades narrowly oblanceolate, usually broadest in upper 1/3, with 6(-7) pairs of lateral lobes; lateral lobes opposite to remote; lateral lobes of the inner leaves narrowly triangular, patent, with an entire or slightly dentate, somewhat convex distal margin, proximal margin usually entire or with a few small teeth; lateral lobes of the outer leaves triangular, entire or with a few teeth at the distal margin; interlobes often toothed; terminal lobe of the inner leaves tripartite, mostly lingulate and entire on the margins; terminal lobe of the outer leaves triangular; petioles unwinged, pale purple, hairy. Scapes as long as or longer than leaves, hairy, especially just under the capitulum. Capitulum convex, 2.5-3.0 cm in diameter, yellow, outer strips grey-violet; inner bracts greyish-green, corniculate; outer bracts usually 10-14, lanceolate, usually 5-7 mm long, 2-2.5 mm broad, purplish green, with a distinct white hyaline margin (0.1-0.2 mm broad), recurved and strongly corniculate; stigmas greyish-yellow, pollen present. Achenes brown, with thin spinules in the upper part, 3.4-4.0 mm long (incl. the 0.8-1.2 mm long, narrowly conical pyramid) and (0.7-)0.8(-0.9) mm broad, rostrum 8.5-10 mm long, pappus white.

Flowering period.

April (May).

Habitat.

Rocky and loess slopes of river valleys with south-western exposure, in plant phytocenoses dominated by species characteristic to the Festuco - Brometea classes, usually in eroded or trampled areas. In Kamienna river valley (Sandomierz Upland, Gałkowice-Ocin place) this species was noted on the path and accompanied by Achillea millefolium , Alyssum alyssoides , Bromus inermis , Campanula sibirica , Centaurea scabiosa , Clinopodium vulgare , Cornus sanguinea , Dactylis glomerata , Dianthus carthusianorum , Euphorbia cyparissias , Falcaria vulgaris , Festuca rupicola , F. trachyphylla , Fragaria vesca , Galium verum , Hypericum maculatum , Inula hirta , Juniperus communis , Koeleria macrantha , Leucanthemum vulgare , Linaria vulgaris , Medicago falcata , Peucedanum oreoselinum , Phleum phleoides , Plantago media , Poa pratensis , Polygala comosa , Potentilla arenaria , Prunus spinosa , Pyrus pyraster , Rosa canina , R. dumalis , R. rubiginosa , Salvia pratensis , Scabiosa ochroleuca , Stachys recta , Thymus marschallianus , Ulmus minor .

Somatic chromosome number.

24 ( Wolanin et al. 2018).

General distribution.

Poland.

Distribution in Poland.

Species very rare, found only around Sandomierz ( Wolanin et al. 2018; Fig. 23E ).

Specimens examined.

FE60 - Podgrodzie near Ćmielów, xerothermic grassland on rock outcrop, 50°54'24"N, 21°32'44"E, 17 April 2012, M. Wolanin, M. Nykiel (003431 UR); Podgrodzie, xerothermic grassland on rock outcrop, 50°54'24"N, 21°32'44"E, 13 April 2017, M. Wolanin, M. N. Wolanin (003421, 003422 UR); FE82 - Gałkowice-Ocin, xerothermic grassland on SW slope, 50°44'43"N, 21°43'52"E, 17 April 2012, M. Wolanin, M. Nykiel (003442 UR); FE92 - Kamień Łukawski, path on edge of loess slope near reserve, 50°41'04"N, 21°47'09"E, 6 May 2013, M. Wolanin (476861, 476862 KRA); Sandomierz (Strzelecka Hill), loess slope, 10 May 1924, A. Kozłowska (76947 KRA).

Notes.

A distinct species with noticeably hairy leaves, purplish-green outer bracts with distinct white hyaline margin, recurved and strongly corniculate. Achenes are brown, with slender spinules in the upper part (Figs 32 , 33 ).

Figures

Figure 23. Distribution maps of Taraxacum sect. Erythrosperma in Poland A T. lacistophyllum B T. parnassicum C T. plumbeum D T. proximum E T. sandomiriense F T. scanicum; black square - localities recorded during field studies, black circle - other localities known from herbarium data.

Figure 32. Variation in leaf shape in T. sandomiriense; locality - Podgrodzie (M. Wolanin 2012 UR). Scale bar: 5 cm.

Figure 33. Taraxacum sandomiriense; locality - Podgrodzie, 2012, photo by M. Wolanin.