Magnolia sellowiana (A.St.-Hil.) Govaerts, World Checklist and Bibliography of Magnoliaceae 72. 1996.

Barbosa, Juliana Cruz Jardim, Caruzo, Maria Beatriz Rossi, Simoes, Ana Rita G. & Samain, Marie-Stephanie, 2024, Taxonomic revision of the native Magnolia (Magnoliaceae) species of Brazil, PhytoKeys 238, pp. 33-64 : 33

Magnolia sellowiana (A.St.-Hil.) Govaerts, World Checklist and Bibliography of Magnoliaceae 72. 1996.

Figs 6 , 10 , 12

Talauma sellowiana ≡ Talauma sellowiana A.St.-Hil., Fl. Bras. Merid. 1:26, pl. 4B. 1824.

Magnolia selloi ≡ Magnolia selloi Spreng., Syst. Veg., ed. 16 [Sprengel] 4(2, Cur. Post.): 216. 1827.

Talauma fragrantissima = Talauma fragrantissima Hook., Ic. Pl. t. 208-212. 1840. Type. BRASIL. Swampy grounds in the Organ mountains, 3000 feet, January 1837, Gardner 305 (holotype: BM! [BM000574769]).

Type.

Brasil. São Paulo: "in sylvis, prope Ipanema, haud longe ab urbe Sorocaba", fl, Sellow 2 (lectotype designated here: P! [P00734795]; isolectotypes: F! [F0077437F], P! [P00734796, P00734797], MPU! [MPU027383].

Description.

Tree ca. 15 m tall, branches cylindrical, with sparse lenticels, with few sericeous trichomes on annular scars, glabrescent. Stipules adnate to petiole, 0.5-2 cm long, green, oblong to conical, apex obtuse, base truncate, deciduous, tomentose when young. Petioles 3.7-5,5 cm long, stipular scar along their entire length (100%), tomentose. Leaf blades 10-17.5 cm × 4.5-10.5 cm, broadly elliptic, base cuneiform, apex rounded or emarginate, entire-irregular margin, papyrus-membranous, young leaves with few trichomes on midvein, glabrescent or trichomes persistent on herbarium material, venation pinnate, brochidodromous, abaxially slightly tomentose when young, adaxially glabrous, 5-13 pairs of secondary veins, glabrous. Peduncle cylindrical, tomentose at the annular scars, yellow trichomes or glabrescent, annular scars present. Flowers terminal, solitary, flower bud not seen; outer sepaloid tepals 3, 3.4-4.0 cm × 2.7-3.2 cm, navicular to oblong, cream-green, base truncate, apex rounded, fleshy, cream-colored; inner petaloid tepals 6, 2.7-3.1 cm × 1.5-2.9 cm, cream-colored, obovate to navicular, base rounded, apex rounded, cream-colored, Stamens ca. 180, 1-1.4 cm × 0.1-0.4 mm, linear, arranged in 8 spiral series, base truncate, apex acute; gynoecium 1.6-2.5 cm × 1.3-2 cm, hemispherical, carpels ca. 102. Mature fruits globose, dehiscence circumscissile, in irregular syncarpous masses; seeds 1-2 per locule.

Distribution and habitat.

An endemic species growing in the Southeast ( São Paulo, Minas Gerais), and Central-West ( Goiás, Mato Grosso do Sul). Found, as most species of the genus in Brazil, in riparian forest.

Phenology.

The species was found flowering between March and December and with immature fruits between January and July.

Preliminary conservation status.

The species has previously been assessed as Data Deficient (DD) ( Khela 2014 a). In this analysis, the area of occupancy (AOO) is about 92.000 km2 and is thus considered to be Endangered (EN) B2b (i,ii) ( IUCN 2022). As a species that occurs in regions like Goiás, which has high rates of forest fires and in regions like São Paulo that suffers from high real estate pressure, M. sellowiana needs urgent conservation attention, reforestation in protected areas is suggested.

Specimens examined.

Brasil. Goiás: Jataí, Sudoeste de Goiás, 11 May 2004, Souza, et al. 3622 (ESA108690); Estrada de acesso à fazenda das Pedras, em frente à sede da fazenda, 16 Jul 1997, S.P.C. Silva 649 (CEN28390); Ipameri, Fazenda das Pedras, 7 Nov 1996, S. P. C Silva 500 (CEN30626); Mato Grosso do Sul: Botaiporã, Várzea do Rio Samambaia, 7 km L da cidade, 27 Oct 1986, U. Pastore 145 (MBM115080); Paraná, Município de Sengés, Fazenda Pisa-Papel e Celulose, Poço do Encanto, interior da mata, 18 Dec 1997, S.I. Elias 306 (ESA377759); Sengés, PCH Fazenda Entre Rios, 26 Mar 2016, J.M. Silva 9278 (MBM406513); Brasilândia. Estrada Brasilândia- Bataguassu, Córrego Boa Esperança, A. 14 Oct 1998, Amaral Jr. 167 (RB210273, SP334514); Jaguariaiva, Rio Cilada, 18 Feb 1987, G.Hatschbach 50901 (MBM115251); Parque Estadual do Cerrado Jaguariaíva Pr., 10 Oct 2000, L. von Linsigen 64 (MBM266020); Ventania, Campo de fora, 23 Jul 2004, D.A Estevan 407 (IAN186917); Minas Gerais: Fazenda Neblina-Pq Estadual do Brigadeiro, ao lado da estrada, 2 Apr 1994, B.S. Leoni 2689 (RB739505); Estação experimental de Café Coronel Pacheco, 5 Sep 1940, E.P. Heringer 9 (RB44816); Santos Dumont, Posses. Sítio Araçá, Nascentes do córrego Araçá, 27 Mar 2005, A.P. Fontana 1240 (RB2102370); Viçosa, 12 Nov 1979, R.S. Ramalho 1659 (RB256157); São Paulo: Estrada da Granja TOK, mata na área da bacia de acumulação do Rio Biritiba Mirim, 20 Jan 2001, S.A. Nicolau et al. 2591 (SP352454); Espraiado, Faz. N. Senhora da Glória, 2 Dec 1935, J. Mello>s.n (SP35090); Piracicaba, Rio Claro, Trevo Iracemópolis, 3 Mar 2009, J. Kuntz 3 (ESA113983); Piracicaba, 3 Mar 2009, J. Kuntz 2 (ESA113984); Rodovia Piracicaba-Rio Claro-Trevo Iracemápolis, mata de brejo, 9 Oct 2009, J. Kuntz 4 (RB646302); Rodovia Piracicaba-Rio Claro, Trevo Iracemápolis, 3 Mar 2009, G.T. Prance 59697 (RB1110753); Mun. de Itapetininga, estação experimental, 29 Nov 1997, L.C Souza 194 (SP335063, SPSF23732); Itapeva, Estação Experimental de Itapeva, R., 24 Feb 2010, Cielo Filho 1085 (SPSF43414); Monte Alegre do Sul, 20 Ago 1949, J.A. Cunha 65 (ESA118919); Monte Alegre do Sul, Bairro do Bugrinho, 20 Jul 1949, M. Kuhlmann 1809 (SP76739); Penápolis, 20 Ago 1917, s.c>s.n (SP439); Queluz, 2 Jul 1899, s.c 104 (SP23811); Butantã, 4 July 1917, F.C. Hoehne>s.n (SP29959); Bois près Hypanema aux environs de Sorocaba Floresta nacional do Ipanema, s.d., A.Saint-Hilaire s.n (MO3411335, P00734797).

Notes.

Magnolia sellowiana is distinguished from M. ovata by its broadly elliptic leaf shape, the greater number of carpels (ca. 102), and the presence of trichomes (vs. oval-elliptic leaves, carpels 68-71, and absence of trichomes in M. ovata ) (Figs 11 , 12 ).

Lozano-Contreras (1990) indicated that one of the P specimens is the holotype, and the remainder the isotype. However, as no details of each specimen are indicated, it is not clear to us which sheet he selected as holotype. Although P00734795 is indicated in the P herbarium database and JSTOR as holotype, we have not found information in the literature that formally proposes this particular sheet as the holotype. Therefore, we have proposed a lectotypification to formally address this issue.

Lozano-Contreras (1990) also mentioned that he had realized that a specimen deposited at P, originally from B, labeled as Sellow 1, was identified as T. ovata . However, this material is almost identical to the type of T. sellowiana and does clearly belong to this species and not to T. ovata . The misidentification of Sellow 1 as T. ovata could be what has led authors to consider the two species as identical, and therefore, synonyms.

Figures

Figure 6. Geographical distribution of Magnolia species in Brazil.

Figure 10. Magnolia sellowiana A specimen deposited in herbarium P showing broadly elliptic leaf B specimen deposited in herbarium MBM C flower, detail of gynoecium and stamens D stipule with trichomes E midvein with trichomes. Photos: A: A. Saint-Hilaire s. n. (P 00734795); B: U. Pastore & R. M Klein 145 (MBM 115080); C-E: L. S. Leoni 2689 (RB 739505).

Figure 11. A leaf blade Magnolia amazonica B trichomes from the petiole of M. amazonica C Magnolia brasiliensis D fruit with trichomes in M. brasiliensis E leaf blade M. brasiliensis F Magnolia ovata showing perule G floral bud of M. ovata H leaf blade of M. ovata I M. ovata mature fruit. (A-B: A. M Barreto 30; C-E: A. A. Grillo & M. Sztutman> s. n.; F-G: E. P. Heringer, 8726; H: R. R. Rodrigues et al. 161; I: based on photographs of J. C. J Barbosa.) Drawing prepared by Klei Souza.

Figure 12. A Magnolia irwiniana B presence of flower bud in M. irwiniana C leaf blade of M. irwiniana D detail of branch and stipule with trichomes in M. irwiniana E detail of the trichomes on the petiolar scars F immature fruit of M. irwiniana G detail of the puberulent trichomes on the fruit H Magnolia sellowiana I leaf blade M. sellowiana. (A: based on photographs of D. A. Zavatin; B: based on photographs of J. C. J. Barbosa C-G: H. F Leitao Filho et al. 34821; H: based on photographs of D. A. Zavatin; I: M. Kuhlmann 1809) Drawing prepared by Klei Souza.