Cyamon, Gray, 1867

Ozga, Aline Vasum & Menegola, Carla, 2023, Hidden treasures of Camamu Bay, Bahia, Brazil: New records and two new species of Raspailiidae (Porifera, Demospongiae), Zootaxa 5375 (4), pp. 515-532 : 524-525

Identification key for Western Atlantic species of Cyamon

(Details of spicule set see Fig. 5 and Table 1 and 2 )

1a. Two categories of styles...................................................................... C. arguinense

1b. Three or more categories of styles........................................................................ 2

2a. Polyactines I spined and II smooth, both of usual shape (cladi diverging from a single central point).................... 3

2b. Polyactines I of usual shape and polyactines II unusual (spined cladi diverging at two lateral points at both ends, called amphipolyactines)..................................................................... C. amphipolyactinum

3a. Megascleres are only styles in three categories (I, III and IV)............................................ C. agnani

3b. Megascleres are styles in five categories and strongyles in two categories................ Cyamon pedroalcoladoi sp. nov.

Figures

FIGURE 5. Comparative display of the spicules of Cyamon pedroalcoladoi sp. nov. and other Cyamon species from West Atlantic. (1) Cyamon pedroalcoladoi sp. nov. (MZUSP 478). (A) strongyle I; (B) strongyle II; (C) style I; (D) style II; (E) style III; (F) style IV; (G) style V; (H) (I) (J) (K) polyactine I; (L) (M) detail polyactine I; (N) style III and polyactine II; (O) polyactine II. Scales: A = 30 µm; B = 10 µm; C, D, E, F, G = 100 µm; H, I, J, K = 10 µm; L, M = 10 µm, N, O = 20 µm. (2) C. agnani Boury- Esnault (1973) from Brazil (Holotype MNHN NBE 947). (A) style I; (B) base of style I; (C) style III; (D) base of style III; (E) style IV; (F) (G) (H) polyactines. Scales: A =100 µm; B = 10 µm; C = 100 µm; D = 10 µm; E = 100 µm; F, G, H = 10 µm. (3) C. agnani Boury-Esnault (1973) from Colombia (ZMA Por 10539). (A) style I; (B) base of style I; (C) upper part of style IV; (D) style III; (E) base of style III; (F) (G) (H) (I) polyactines. Scales: A = 100 µm; B, C = 10 µm; D = 100 µm; E, F, G, H, I = 10 µm. (4) C. amphipolyactinum (ZMA Por. 22412) van Soest et al. (2012). (A) style I; (B) style I end detail; (C) style IV; (D) style IV end detail; (E) style III (F) style III showing size variation; (G) base of style III; (H) polyactine; (I) detail of bulbous end of polyactine lateral cladus; (J) (K) (L) polyactine; (M) (N) amphipolyactines. Scales: A = 100 µm; B, C, D = 10 µm; E, F = 100 µm; G, H = 10 µm; I = 1 µm; J, K, L, M, N = 10 µm. (5) C. arguinense (ZMA Por. 06723) van Soest et al. (2012). (A) subtylostyle; (B) subtylostyle end detail; (C) style V; (D) end and middle part details of style V; (E) (F) (G) polyactines. Scales: A = 100 µm; B = 10 µm; C = 100 µm; D, E, F, G = 10 µm.