Zeanillus pallidus (Broun)

Sokolov, Igor M., 2016, A taxonomic review of the anilline genus Zeanillus Jeannel (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Bembidiini) of New Zealand, with descriptions of seven new species, re-classification of the species, and notes on their biogeography and evolution, Zootaxa 4196 (1), pp. 1-37 : 16-17

Zeanillus pallidus (Broun)

Figs. 1 C, 2B, 3C–D, 4C, 5C, 6C, 7D, 8B, 10DIO, 11D, 12M–P, 14D, 15D, 16E, 18A

Anillus pallidus Broun, 1884: 228 . Type locality: «Sea Beach, Taieri» (original citation). Anillus marginatus Broun, 1914: 152 . Type locality: «Invercargill» (original citation). Synonymy established by Moore (1980: 402).

Examined material. More than one hundred specimens (15 dissected) from the following localities: Otago: Symes Road at Old Man Range, 10km S Beaumont, Flagstaff-Whare Flat Road near Dunedin, Taieri Mouth, Picnic Gulley, Akatore ; Southland: Otanomomo Reserve, Kaka Point Scenic Reserve, Titpua near Marbel Bush, Thomsons Bush in Invercargill.

Recognition. Adults of this species ( Fig. 11 D) are distinguished from other congeners by the characters listed in the subgeneric diagnosis.

Description. Size. Medium for genus (SBL range 1.62–1.84 mm, mean 1.73± 0.054 mm, n=20).

Habitus. Body form subdepressed, subparallel, moderately elongate (WE/SBL 0.34±0.006), head of moderate width for genus compared to pronotum (WH/WPm 0.77±0.018), pronotum of moderate width in comparison to elytra (WPm/WE 0.76±0.014).

Color. Body color testaceous, appendages testaceous.

Prothorax. Pronotum slightly long (LP/LE 0.39±0.012) and moderately elongate (WPm/LP 1.29±0.028), with lateral margins rectilinear and markedly constricted posteriorly (WPm/WPp 1.97±0.076). Width between anterior angles much greater than between posterior angles (WPa/WPp 1.51±0.069).

Elytra. Moderately depressed, comparatively long (LE/SBL 0.51±0.011) and slightly wide (WE/LE 0.67±0.015). Lateral margins slightly divergent at basal fourth, subparallel at middle and evenly rounded to apex in apical third.

Male genitalia. Median lobe ( Fig. 12 M) with straight ventral margin and semicircular short apex. Apical orifice area without ostial fields. Sclerites of internal sac united basally, of moderate length, much shorter than the length between apical and basal orifices. Left paramere without apical constriction ( Fig. 12 O). Ring sclerite with short and markedly transverse handle ( Fig. 14 D).

Female internal genitalia. Goncoxite 2 with short ensiform setae ( Fig. 15 D). Spermatheca sclerotized, elongate, with two compartments ( Fig. 16 E). Spermathecal duct short and without coils. Attachments of spermathecal duct and gland to spermatheca close together.

Geographical distribution. This species inhabits coastal plains of the eastern Southland and South Otago, from Invercargill up to Dunedin, also goes upstream along the Clutha River almost to Alexandra in Central Otago (18A, green diamonds).

Way of life. Specimens were collected in broadleaf/podocarp and Nothofagus forests.

Relationships. The structure of male genitalia suggest the relatedness to the representatives of Zeanillus s.str. The absence of postorbital seta is a character shared with the members of Otagonillus. Based on these facts and distributional data it is postulated that Z. pallidus is the sister taxon to the members of Zeanillus s.str. and shared a common ancestry with the representatives of Otagonillus.

Figures

FIGURE 1. SEM illustrations of head, dorsal aspect, of Zeanillus species. A— Z. phyllobius; B— Z. punctigerus; C— Z. pallidus; D— Z. pellucidus; E— Z. lescheni; F— Z. nanus. Legend: cl—clypeus; cs—clypeal seta; fcc—fronto-clypeal carina; fs—frontal seta; lb—labrum; mp 3 — maxillary palpomere 3; mp 4 — maxillary palpomere 4; pos—postorbital seta; ssa—anterior supraorbital seta; ssp—posterior supraorbital seta. Scale bars = 0.1 mm.

FIGURE 11. Digital images of habitus of Zeanillus species, dorsal aspect. A— Z. phyllobius (NZ, Canterbury, Coopers Knob); B— Z. punctigerus (NZ, Canterbury, Sharplin Falls); C— Z. nunni (NZ, Otago, Highway 87 at Rocklands Road); D— Z. pallidus (NZ, Otago, Taieri Mouth); E— Z. pellucidus (NZ, Otago, Oamaru, Glen Warren Reserve); F— Z. brouni (NZ, Otago, Oamaru, Glen Warren Reserve); G— Z. carltoni (NZ, Otago, Mount Watkin); H— Z. lescheni (NZ, Otago, Waikaia Forest); I— Z. montivagus (NZ, Otago, North Rough Ridge): J— Z. nanus (NZ, Otago, Pisa Range). Scale bar = 1.0 mm.

FIGURE 12. Line drawings of aedeagus of Zeanillus species. Z. punctigerus (NZ, Canterbury, Sharplin Falls): A—median lobe, right lateral aspect, B—apical part of median lobe, dorsal aspect, C—left paramere, left lateral aspect, D—right paramere, right lateral aspect; Z. nunni (NZ, Otago, Evansdale): E—median lobe, right lateral aspect, F—apical part of median lobe, dorsal aspect, G—left paramere, left lateral aspect, H—right paramere, right lateral aspect; Z. phyllobius (NZ, Canterbury, Ahuriri Scenic Reserve): I—median lobe, right lateral aspect, J—apical part of median lobe, dorsal aspect, K—left paramere, left lateral aspect, L—right paramere, right lateral aspect; Z. pallidus (NZ, Otago, Taieri Mouth): M—median lobe, right lateral aspect, N—apical part of median lobe, dorsal aspect, O—left paramere, left lateral aspect, P—right paramere, right lateral aspect; Z. pellucidus (NZ, Otago, Oamaru, Glen Warren Reserve): Q—median lobe, right lateral aspect, R—apical part of median lobe, dorsal aspect, S—left paramere, left lateral aspect, T—right paramere, right lateral aspect. Legend: ao—apical orifice; bo—basal orifice; ds—dorsal sclerites, of—ostial field. Scale bar = 0.1 mm.

FIGURE 14. Line drawings of ring sclerite of Zeanillus species, male genitalia, dorsal aspect. A— Z. phyllobius (NZ, Canterbury, Ahuriri Scenic Reserve); B— Z. punctigerus (NZ, Canterbury, Orari Gorge); C— Z. nunni (NZ, Otago, Highway 87 at Rocklands Rd); D— Z. pallidus (NZ, Southland, Thomsons Bush); E— Z. pellucidus (NZ, Otago, Oamaru, Glen Warren Reserve); F— Z. nanus (NZ, Otago, Pisa Range); G— Z. montivagus (NZ, Otago, North Rough Ridge); H— Z. brouni (NZ, Otago, Oamaru, Glen Warren Reserve); I— Z. lescheni (NZ, Otago, Waikaia Forest); J— Z. carltoni (NZ, Otago, Mount Watkin). Legend: hd—handle of ring sclerite. Scale bar = 0.1 mm.

FIGURE 15. Line drawings of right ovipositor sclerite, lateral aspect, of Zeanillus species. A— Z. phyllobius (NZ, Canterbury, Ahuriri Scenic Reserve); B— Z. punctigerus (NZ, Canterbury, Sharplin Falls); C— Z. nunni (NZ, Otago, Woodside Glen); D— Z. pallidus (NZ, Otago, Taieri Mouth); E— Z. pellucidus (NZ, Otago, Oamaru, Glen Warren Reserve); F— Z. brouni (NZ, Otago, Oamaru, Glen Warren Reserve); G— Z. carltoni (NZ, Otago, Mount Watkin); H— Z. lescheni (NZ, Otago, Waikaia Forest); I— Z. montivagus (NZ, Otago, North Rough Ridge); J— Z. nanus (NZ, Otago, Balclutha). Legend: es—ensiform seta; gc 1 — gonocoxite 1; gc 2 — gonocoxite 2; lt—laterotergite; ns—nematiform seta. Scale bar = 0.05 mm.

FIGURE 16. Line drawings of spermatheca, spermathecal duct, and spermathecal gland of Zeanillus species. A— Z. phyllobius (NZ, Canterbury, Ahuriri Scenic Reserve); B— Z. punctigerus (NZ, Canterbury, Sharplin Falls); C— Z. nunni (NZ, Otago, Woodside Glen); D— Z. pellucidus (NZ, Otago, Oamaru, Glen Warren Reserve); E— Z. pallidus (NZ, Otago, Taieri Mouth); F— Z. brouni (NZ, Otago, Oamaru, Glen Warren Reserve); G— Z. montivagus (NZ, Otago, North Rough Ridge); H— Z. nanus (NZ, Otago, Balclutha). Legend: sd—spermathecal duct; sg—spermathecal gland; sp—spermatheca. Scale bar = 0.05 mm.