Oxyina Hollis, 1975

Baba, Tajamul Hassan & Usmani, Hd. Kamil, 2021, A revision and first record of the genus Oxyina Hollis, 1975 (Acrididae: Oxyinae) from India, with description of a new species, Zootaxa 4985 (2), pp. 151-175 : 152-153

Genus Oxyina Hollis, 1975

( Figures 1–9 .)

Oxya Serville, J. G. (1831) Revue méthodique des Insectes de l’ordre des Orthoptères. Annales des Sciences Naturelles, 22 (86), 286. Type species: Oxya hyla Serville, 1831

Oxyina Hollis, D. (1975) A review of the subfamily Oxyinae ( Orthoptera : Acridoidea). Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Entomology, 31 (6), 228. Type species: Oxya bidentata Willemse, 1925

Identification. Superficially very similar to the genus Oxya ; but differs from Oxya in the fallowing characters: male epiphallus is wide and plate-like, ancorae are fully developed, the ectophallic membrane in between halves of bridge is enlarged; apical valves of penis are covered by valvular plates of cingulum; in females, the posterior margin of subgenital plate bears a single elongated spine like process, excepting this process, posterior margin with triangular profile from ventral view; Integument with fine indentation and shiny; antennae filliform, loner than head and pronotum together; pronotum slightly sub-cylindrical transversed by three acute sulci, dorsum of pronotum moderately flattened or cylindrical, median carina diminutive, lateral carinae absent; posterior margin of metazona are widely obtuse-angular, prozona larger than metazona; fastigium of vertex, from dorsal view, shallow and broad with moderately triangular apex holding a slight frontal concavity, fastigial foveolae and carinula of vertex absent; frons oblique and fairly convex, owning two parallel carinulae of frontal ridge continuing to clypeus, facial carinae prominent; eyes humongous, ovoid; prosternal tubercle simple conical bearing subacute apex; mesosternal interspace deep but constricted, mesosternal lobes somewhat rounded, metasternal space nearly closed; hind femur slender, upper knee lobes rounded, genicular lobe of hind femur with a spine; hind tibia with an apical dilation, external apical spine of hind tibia present; tegmina well developed exceeding the apex of hind femur.

Key to species of genus Oxyina in male

1. Apical quarter of hind femur pinkish brown; lophi of epiphallus widely spaced and rounded, not at all hook-like.................................................................................................... sinobidentata

- Hind femur ochraceous green or pinkish red; lophi of epiphallus hook-like........................................ 2

2. Hind femur ochraceous green; lophi of epiphallus hook-like and narrowly spaced; ancorae strongly developed and hook-like with acute apex................................................................................ bidentata

- Hind femur pinkish red; lophi of epiphallus hook-like but widely spaced; ancorae strongly developed and hook like with apex almost obtuse.................................................................................... javana

Key to species of genus Oxyina in female

1. Valves of ovipositor bear diminutive spines; apical diverticulum of spermatheca short and straight, with an apical bifurcation of apex, but without any subdiverticula......................................................... kashmira sp. n

- Valves of ovipositor bear spines; apical diverticulum of spermatheca long or moderate without any apical bifurcation of apex, but with one, two or many subdiverticula.................................................................. 2

2. Valves of ovipositor bear sharp spines; apical diverticulum of spermatheca moderate and not coiled, with one subdiverticula................................................................................................ javana

- Valves of ovipositor bear sharp or short and blunt spines; apical diverticulum of spermatheca long and coiled, with two or many subdiverticula....................................................................................... 3

3. Valves of ovipositor bear sharp spines; apical diverticulum of spermatheca long and coiled with two small subdiverticula giving it a trishula shape.............................................................................. bidentata

- Valves of ovipositor bear short and blunt spines; apical diverticulum of spermatheca extensively long and coiled with many small subdiverticula......................................................................... sinobidentata

Figures

FIGURE 1. A. Oxyina bidentata ♂, dorsal view; B. Same, lateral view; C. Oxyina bidentata ♀, dorsal view; D. Same, lateral view; E. Oxyina sinobidentata ♂, dorsal view; F. Same, lateral view; G. Oxyina sinobidentata ♀, dorsal view; H. Same, lateral view; I. Oxyina javana ♂, dorsal view; J. Same, lateral view; K. Oxyina javana ♀, dorsal view; L. Same, lateral view; M. Oxyina kashmira sp. n. ♀, dorsal view; N. Same, lateral view.

FIGURE 2. The genus Oxyina. A. Face; B. Mesosternam and metasternam; C. Pronotum, dorsal view; D. Prosternal process; E. Head, dorsal view; F. Dorsal view, end of male abdomen showing supra-anal plate, cerci and a part of subgenital plate; G. Lateral view, same showing cerci and subgenital plate; H. Pronotum, lateral view; I. Antenna; J. Ventral view, end of male abdomen showing subgenital plate.

FIGURE 3. Genitalia of Oxyina bidentata ♂. A. Phallic complex, dorsal view; B. Phallic complex, ventral view; C. Cingulum, ventral view; D. Phallic complex, lateral view; E. Aedeagus, lateral view; F. Epiphallus; G. Epiphallus, top view; H. Apex of aedeagus. Explanation of abbreviations:Apd = apodemes of cingulum, Bp = basal valves of aedeagus, Ap = apical valves of aedeagus, Zyg = zygoma of cingulum, Vpc = valvular plates of cingulum, A = ancorae, Apl = Anterior projections of lateral plates of epiphallus, Lp = Lateral plates of epiphallus, Pp = Posterior projections of lateral plates of epiphallus, B = bridge, L = lophi.

FIGURE 4. Structures of Oxyina bidentata ♀. A. Dorsal view, end of abdomen showing supra-anal plate, cerci and ovipositor; B. Dissected, dorsal view of supra-anal plate and cerci; C. Ventral view, end of abdomen showing subgenital plate; D. Ovipositor; E. Lateral view, end of abdomen; F. Spermatheca; G. Subgenital plate. Explanation of abbreviations: Sp = supra-anal plate, Cr = cercus, 1V = ventral valve of ovipositor, 2V = inner valve of ovipositor, 3V = dorsal valve of ovipositor, Apo = apodeme of ovipositor, Sd = subdiverticula of apical diverticulum, Ad = apical diverticulum, Prd = pre apical diverticulum.

FIGURE 5. Genitalia of Oxyina sinobidentata ♂. A. Phallic complex, dorsal view; B. Phallic complex, ventral view; C. Phallic complex, lateral view; D. Cingulum, ventral view; E. Apex of aedeagus; F. Epiphallus; G. Aedeagus. Explanation of abbreviations: Ejs = ejaculatory sac, Fx = flexure, Rm = rami of cingulum.

FIGURE 6. Structures of Oxyina sinobidentata ♀. A. Dorsal view, end of abdomen showing supra-anal plate, cerci and ovipositor; B. Dissected, dorsal view of supra-anal plate and cerci; C. Ventral view, end of abdomen showing subgenital plate; D. Ovipositor; E. Lateral view, end of abdomen; F. Subgenital plate; G. Spermatheca.

FIGURE 7. Genitalia of Oxyina javana ♂. A. Phallic complex, dorsal view; B. Phallic complex, ventral view; C. Phallic complex, lateral view; D. Cingulum, ventral view; E. Apex of aedeagus; F. Epiphallus; G. Aedeagus.

FIGURE 8. Structures of Oxyina javana ♀. A. Dorsal view, end of abdomen showing supra-anal plate, cerci and ovipositor; B. Dissected, dorsal view of supra-anal plate and cerci; C. Ventral view, end of abdomen showing subgenital plate; D. Ovipositor; E. Lateral view, end of abdomen; F. Spermatheca; G. Subgenital plate.

FIGURE 9. Structures of Oxyina kashmira sp. n. ♀ A. Dorsal view, end of abdomen showing supra-anal plate, cerci and ovipositor; B. Dissected, dorsal view of supra-anal plate and cerci; C. Ventral view, end of abdomen showing subgenital plate; D. Ovipositor; E. Lateral view, end of abdomen; F. Spermatheca; G. Subgenital plate.