Rhinolophus madurensis, K. Andersen, 1918

Burgin, Connor, 2019, Rhinolophidae, Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions, pp. 280-332 : 308

55 . Madura Horseshoe Bat

Rhinolophus madurensis

French: Rhinolophe de Madura / German: Madura-Hufeisennase / Spanish: Herradura de Madura

Taxonomy. Rhinolophus madurensis K. Andersen, 1918 ,

“ Soemenep, E[east]. Madura [Island],” off north-eastern Java .

Included in the megaphyllus species group; previously treated under R celebensis but recendy classified as a distinct species based on limited morphological data, although more substantial studies are needed to confirm this. The taxon parvus was previously included in this species but is now regarded as a subspecies of R keyensis .

Monotypic.

Distribution. Madura, Kangean, Saubi, and Sepanjang Is.

Descriptive notes. Ear 14- 6 mm, forearm 37-8—40- 8 mm. The Madura Horseshoe Bat is similar to the Sulawesi Horseshoe Bat (A celebensis') but apparendy differs in smaller size and craniodental divergences oudined below. Dorsal profile of median and posterior nasal swellings is almost continuous, whereas in the Sulawesi Horseshoe Bat there is a weak angle by relatively steeper rise of median swellings. Labial part of cingulum on C1 is weak and does not form distinct ridge as it does in the Sulawesi Horseshoe Bat; P2 is in contact with M1; P4 has weak labial portion of cingulum and does not form distinct ridge; second lower incisor (I2) is in contact with p P2 is in contact with C1, narrow and distinctly longer than wide, and almost touches P4; P3 is displaced from tooth row.

Habitat. Recorded foraging in primary forest below 500 m elevation.

Food and Feeding. No information.

Breeding. No information.

Activity patterns. No information.

Movements, Home range and Social organization. The Madura Horseshoe Bat roosts in caves.

Status and Conservation. Classified as Vulnerable on The IUCNed List. Although virtually nothing is known about the Madura Horseshoe Bat, it is probably most threatened by habitat loss from limestone extraction and deforestation through logging and for agricultural expansion. The species is currendy only known from seven specimens.

Bibliography. Andersen (1918), Bergmans & van Bree (1986), Csorba, Kingston & Hutson (2016), Csorba, Ujhelyi &Thomas (2003), Kitchener, Schmitt et al. (1995).

Figures

On following pages: 52. Eastern Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus megaphyllus}; 53. Insular Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus keyensis}; 54. Yellow-faced Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus virgo}; 55. Madura Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus madurensis}; 56. Sulawesi Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus celebensis}; 57. Robinson's Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus robinsoni); 58. Indochinese Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus chasem); 59. Anamban Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus nereis}; 60. Bornean Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus borneensis); 61. Malayan Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus malayanus}; 62. Acuminate Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus acuminatus}; 63. Acuminate Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus acuminatus}; 64. Little Japanese Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus cornutus}; 65. Yaeyama Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus perditus}; 66. Mountain Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus monticolus}; 67. Shortridge's Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus shortridgei}; 68. Formosan Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus monoceros}; 69. Least Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus pusillus}; 70. Little Nepalese Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus subbadius}; 71. Convex Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus convexus}; 72. Andaman Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus cognatus}; 73. Glossy Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus refulgens}; 74. Blyth's Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus lepidus};

Distribution. Madura, Kangean, Saubi, and Sepanjang Is.