Glyptapanteles phildevriesi Arias-Penna, sp. nov.

Arias-Penna, Diana Carolina, Whitfield, James B., Janzen, Daniel H., Winifred Hallwachs,, Dyer, Lee A., Smith, M. Alex, Hebert, Paul D. N. & Fernandez-Triana, Jose L., 2019, A species-level taxonomic review and host associations of Glyptapanteles (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Microgastrinae) with an emphasis on 136 new reared species from Costa Rica and Ecuador, ZooKeys 890, pp. 1-685 : 1

Glyptapanteles phildevriesi Arias-Penna, sp. nov. Fig. 187

Female.

Body length 2.53 mm, antenna length 2.68 mm, fore wing length 2.83 mm.

Type material.

Holotype: ECUADOR • 1♀; EC-12877, YY-A038; Napo, Yanayacu Biological Station, Yanayacu Road ; cloud forest; 2,100 m; - 0.566667, -77.866667; 05.iii.2006; Rafael Granizo leg.; caterpillar collected in third instar; cocoons formed on 30.i.2009; adult parasitoids emerged on 19.iv.2006; ( PUCE) . Paratypes. • 13 (4♀, 2♂) (7♀, 0 ♂); EC-12877, YY-A038; same data as for holotype; ( PUCE) .

Diagnosis.

Petiole on T1 with rugae, lateral margin in proximal half straight and distal half curved (convex, Fig. 187G, H ), propodeum with a median longitudinal dent, but no trace of median longitudinal carina ( Fig. 187F ), hind coxa medially smooth, dorsally sparsely punctate, ventrally densely punctate, dorsal outer depression present ( Fig. 187A, J ), mesoscutum punctation proximally distinct, but distally absent/dispersed ( Fig. 187E ), precoxal groove shallow, but visible ( Fig. 187A, I ), fore wing with vein 1 cu-a curved, r vein s curved, outer side of junction of r and 2RS veins not forming a stub ( Fig. 187K ), inner margin of eyes diverging slightly at antennal sockets ( Fig. 187B ), and lateral grooves delimiting the median area on T2 clearly defined and reaching the distal edge of T2 ( Fig. 187G, H ).

Coloration

( Fig. 187 A–L ). General body coloration black except apex of mandibles, labrum, and pedicel yellow-brown; scape brown; all antennal flagellomeres dorsally lighter (light brown) than ventrally (dark brown); propleuron, both dorsal and ventral furrows of pronotum, epicnemial ridge, ventral edge of mesopleuron, metasternum, mesoscutum, lunules, BS, PFM and BM with some brown/reddish tints; glossa, maxillary and labial palps, and tegulae yellow. Eyes and ocelli silver. Fore and middle legs dark yellow except brown claws, although dorsally coxae with a brown smear area, additionally femora, tibiae and tarsomeres with a dorsal narrow light brown strip from top to bottom; hind legs yellow except brown-reddish coxae apically yellow, femora dorsally with a small brown spot, tibiae distally brown and proximally with a narrow brown band, and tarsomeres light brown. Petiole on T1 brown, contours darkened and sublateral areas yellow; T2 with median and adjacent areas light brown, adjacent area very narrow, and lateral ends yellow; T3 mostly brown although distal half lighter than proximal half, additionally proximally corners yellow; T4 and beyond completely brown; distally each tergum with a narrow yellowish transparent band. In lateral view, T1-2 yellow; T3 yellow, but dorsally brown; T4 and beyond completely brown. S1-4 yellow; penultimate sternum and hypopygium brown.

Description.

Head ( Fig. 187 A–D ). Head rounded with pubescence long and dense. Proximal three antennal flagellomeres longer than wide (0.21:0.07, 0.20:0.07, 0.20:0.07), distal antennal flagellomere longer than penultimate (0.11:0.05, 0.08:0.05), antenna longer than body (2.68, 2.53); antennal scrobes-frons sloped and forming a shelf. Face with distal half dented only laterally, fine and punctate-lacunose, interspaces wavy and longitudinal median carina present. Frons smooth. Temple wide, punctate-lacunose and interspaces wavy. Inner margin of eyes diverging slightly at antennal sockets; in lateral view, eye anteriorly convex and posteriorly straight. POL shorter than OOL (0.08, 0.11). Malar suture faint. Median area between lateral ocelli without depression. Vertex laterally rounded and dorsally wide.

Mesosoma ( Fig. 187A, E, F, I ). Mesosoma dorsoventrally convex. Mesoscutum proximally convex and distally flat, punctation distinct proximally, but absent/dispersed distally, interspaces smooth. Scutellum triangular, apex sloped and fused with BS, but not in the same plane, scutellar punctation distinct throughout, in profile scutellum flat and on same plane as mesoscutum, phragma of the scutellum partially exposed; BS only very partially overlapping the MPM; ATS demilune with short stubs delineating the area; dorsal ATS groove with semicircular/parallel carinae. Transscutal articulation with small and heterogeneous foveae, area just behind transscutal articulation nearly at the same level as mesoscutum (flat) and with same kind of sculpture as mesoscutum. Metanotum with BM convex; MPM circular without median longitudinal carina; AFM without setiferous lobes and not as well delineated as PFM; PFM thick, smooth and with lateral ends rounded; ATM proximally with a groove and some sculpture, and distally smooth. Propodeum with a median longitudinal dent, but no trace of median longitudinal carina, proximal half weakly curved with medium-sized sculpture and distal half relatively polished and with a shallow dent at each side of nucha; distal edge of propodeum with a flange at each side and without stubs; propodeal spiracle distally framed by a short transverse carina; nucha surrounded by very short radiating carinae. Pronotum with a distinct dorsal furrow, dorsally with a well-defined smooth band; central area of pronotum and dorsal furrow smooth, but ventral furrow with short parallel carinae. Propleuron finely sculptured only ventrally and dorsally without a carina. Metasternum convex. Contour of mesopleuron convex; precoxal groove smooth, shiny and shallow, but visible; epicnemial ridge convex, teardrop-shaped.

Legs. Ventral margin of fore telotarsus excavated, but without seta, fore telotarsus almost same width throughout and longer than fourth tarsomere (0.12, 0.06). Hind coxa dorsally with scattered punctation, medially smooth and ventrally with dense punctation, dorsal outer depression present. Inner spur of hind tibia longer than outer spur (0.26, 0.20), entire surface of hind tibia with dense strong spines clearly differentiated by color and length. Hind telotarsus longer than fourth tarsomere (0.14, 0.12).

Wings ( Fig. 187K, L ). Fore wing with r vein slightly curved; 2RS vein straight; r and 2RS veins forming a weak, even curve at their junction and outer side of junction not forming a stub; 2M vein slightly curved/swollen; distally fore wing [where spectral veins are] with microtrichiae more densely concentrated than the rest of the wing; anal cell 1/3 proximally lacking microtrichiae; subbasal cell with microtrichiae virtually throughout; veins 2CUa and 2CUb completely spectral; vein 2 cu-a present as spectral vein, sometimes difficult to see; vein 2-1A proximally tubular and distally spectral, although sometimes difficult to see; tubular vein 1 cu-a curved and complete, but junction with 1-1A vein spectral. Hind wing with vannal lobe very narrow, subdistally and subproximally straightened, and setae evenly scattered in the margin.

Metasoma ( Fig. 187A, G, H, J ). Metasoma laterally compressed. Petiole on T1 with sculpture on distal half, virtually parallel-sided over most of length, but barely narrowing at apex, apex truncate (length 0.30, maximum width 0.17, minimum width 0.15), and with scattered pubescence concentrated in the first distal third. Lateral grooves delimiting the median area on T2 clearly defined and reaching the distal edge of T2 (length median area 0.15, length T2 0.15), edges of median area polished and lateral grooves deep, median area broader than long (length 0.15, maximum width 0.25, minimum width 0.11); T2 with scattered pubescence only distally. T3 longer than T2 (0.19, 0.15) and with scattered pubescence throughout. Pubescence on hypopygium dense.

Cocoons. Unknown.

Comments.

The ocelli are very close to each other ( Fig. 187D , the diameter of lateral ocellus is 0.06 mm, the median ocellus is separated by 0.02 mm from the posterior ocellus), the petiole on T1 with lateral margins slightly straight in the proximal half, but in the distal half is curved (convex, Fig. 187G ). As well as G. suniae , the petiole shape resembles the petiole of Venanus helavai Mason ( Mason 1981, Fig. 77b ). In some females, the coloration on T3 is brown proximally corners yellow, the limit between the mesopleuron and the metasternum is dented, and the body is slender.

Male.

Similar in coloration to female.

Etymology.

Philip (Phil) James DeVries is a tropical field ecologist interested in evolutionary patterns of species diversity, caterpillar-ant symbioses, insect wing shapes and flight behavior, and habitat partitioning. He works at the University of New Orleans, LA, USA.

Distribution.

Parasitized caterpillar was collected in Ecuador, Napo, Yanayacu Biological Station (Yanayacu Road), during March 2006 at 2,100 m in cloud forest.

Biology.

The lifestyle of this parasitoid species is gregarious.

Host.

Daedalma dinias Hewitson ( Nymphalidae : Satyrinae) feeding on Chusquea scandens ( Poaceae ). Caterpillar was collected in third instar.

Figures

Figure 77. Glyptapanteles edwinnarvaezi sp. nov. male EC- 42168 A YY-A 005 A Habitus B Mesonotum, dorsal view C Scutellum, metanotum, propodeum, dorsal view D T 1 - 3, dorsal view E Mesosoma, lateral view F, G Metasoma F Lateral view G Dorsal view.

Figure 187. Glyptapanteles phildevriesi sp. nov. female EC- 12877 YY-A 038 A Habitus B, D Head B Frontal view D Dorsal view C Head, pronotum, propleuron, lateral view E Mesonotum, dorsal view F Scutellum, metanotum, propodeum, dorsal view G T 1 - 3, dorsal view H, J Metasoma H Dorsal view J Lateral view I Mesosoma, lateral view K, L Wings K Fore L Hind.