Arnoliseus hastatus, Baptista & Castanheira & Oliveira & Prado, 2020

Baptista, Renner Luiz Cerqueira, Castanheira, Pedro de Souza, Oliveira, Gabriel Assuncao & Prado, Andre Wanderley do, 2020, Descriptions of three new species of jumping-spiders, genus Arnoliseus (Araneae, Salticidae), from Rio de Janeiro state, Brazil, with comments on their genital morphology and a key to species, Zoosystematics and Evolution 96 (1), pp. 73-90 : 73

Arnoliseus hastatus sp. nov.

Type material.

Holotype ♂. BRAZIL: Rio de Janeiro: Cachoeiras de Macacu, Reserva Ecológica de Guapiaçu, Trilha do Fragmento, 22°28'6.20"S, 042°45'38.70"W, 41m, 17.v.2017, beating, R. Baptista coll. (MNRJ 60027). Paratypes: BRAZIL: Rio de Janeiro: Cachoeiras de Macacu, Reserva Ecológica de Guapiaçu, Trilha Verde, 22°24'28.30"S, 042°44'16.10"W, 296 m, 18.v.2017, sweeping, H. Schinelli coll., 1 ♂, 1 juvenile ( UFRJ 1584); same locality and date as preceding, R. Baptista coll., 1 ♂ ( UFRJ 1585); Reserva Ecológica de Guapiaçu, São José, 22°26'15.60"S, 042°46'26.20"W, 71 m, 01.ix.2017, looking down, R. Baptista coll., 1 ♀ ( UFRJ 1586); 1 ♀ (MNRJ 60028); same locality as preceding, 16.xii.2017, sweeping, R. Baptista coll., 1 ♂, 2 immatures ( UFRJ 1587); same locality as preceding, 31.viii.2019, looking down, G. Oliveira coll. ( UFRJ 1599).

Additional material examined.

None.

Etymology.

The specific epithet " hastatus " is a Latin adjective, from the Latin root " hasta ", meaning spear and referring to the projection on basal article of male chelicerae.

Diagnosis.

Males of A. hastatus sp. nov. are easily diagnosed from all other species within the genus by straight and extremely elongate, spear-like apophyses on the ectal side of the chelicerae; these apophyses project well beyond the clypeus and are clearly visible in dorsal view (Figs 4A, 5A, 7A). Females of A. hastatus sp. nov. bear a epigynum with a deep notch at the posterior rim and a curved U-shaped CO. Internal genitalia of A. hastatus sp. nov. is set apart from all species within the genus by the extremely thick copulatory ducts with the ectal branch bent over and curved outwards, touching the mesal branches forming wide ventral glandular heads, placed near the spermathecae (Figs 6F, 7F, 11B).

Description.

Male (holotype MNRJ 60027): carapace reddish brown, lighter from behind the fovea towards anterior elevated part (Figs 4A, 5A, B). Labium reddish brown and very elongated (Fig. 4B). Endites short, basally reddish brown, orange-brown midway, and distally beige (Fig. 4B). Sternum orange-brown with a smooth darker contour (Fig. 4B). AME centrally placed, almost touching and occupying most of clypeus height; ALE reduced and almost adjoined to AME and PME, located on the edge of carapace, with contour of yellow setae, and PLE evenly separate by almost carapace length (Figs 4A, C, D, 5A, B). Leg I with reddish brown femur and orange-brown patella, tibia, metatarsus, and tarsus, with dusky patches from tibia to tarsus; Legs II-IV yellow, with Leg II bearing dusky patches from patella to tarsus (Fig. 4A-D). Chelicerae with orange-brown paturon, bearing extremely elongated spear-like apophyses on their ectal side (Fig. 4A, B, 5A, B, 7A). Abdomen oval and tapering to the elongated, yellow median and brown lateral spinnerets (Figs 4A-C, 5A). Dorsum yellow, with black transversal line after folium, followed by a brown region towards two medially placed black patches and a small dusky black patch on middle third and rounded black patch on posterior edge (Figs 4A, 5A). Lateral portion of abdomen yellow with no patches or lines (Fig. 4C). Venter yellow on area of book-lungs, greyish towards posterior edge, with two longitudinal, yellow lines midway and lighter contour near spinnerets (Fig. 4B). Palps with short tubular tibias bearing RTAv more developed than RTAd and set apart by a wide, U-shaped notch; RTAv clearly divided midway, forming two pointed projections and RTAd finger-like with a rounded tip (Figs 4G, 7C, E). RTA hook large, visible behind the deep notch separating both branches of RTA (Figs 4G, 7C, E). Cymbium elongated and oval, completely covered by long setae (Figs 4E-G, 7B, C). Embolic complex long, regularly arched, relatively narrow with a poorly sclerotized fringe: embolus itself thick, more elevated, followed by the boomerang-shaped embolic retrolateral keel that bears a straight and undivided tip (Figs 4F, 7B, D).

Total length 5.34. Carapace 2.56 long, 1.85 wide, 1.35 high. Left chelicera 1.03 long, 0.54 wide. Clypeus 0.23 high. Endites 0.70 long, 0.45 wide. Labium 0.46 long, 0.36 wide. Sternum 1.17 long, 0.86 wide. Abdomen 2.6 long, 1.32 wide, 1.45 high.

Diameter of eyes and interdistances: AME 0.71; ALE 0.34; PME 0.10; PLE 0.33. ALE-PME 0.40; PME-PLE 0.37. Ocular area (dorsal view): 1.28 long, 1.50 anterior width, 1.22 posterior width.

Leg articles length: Leg I: Fe 1.59; Pa 1.07; Ti 1.63; Mt 1.02; Ta 0.61; Total 5.92. Leg II: Fe 1.33; Pa 0.56; Ti 0.98; Mt 0.82; Ta 0.58; Total 4.27. Leg III: Fe 1.91; Pa 0.53; Ti 0.98; Mt 0.97; Ta 0.58; Total 4.97. Leg IV: Fe 1.62; Pa 0.78; Ti 0.80; Mt 1.01; Ta 0.65; Total 4.86.

Leg formula I-III-IV-II.

Female: (paratype UFRJ 1586): carapace orange-brown, darker on ocular area (Fig. 6A). Fovea orange (Fig. 6A). Labium elongated and orange-brown (Fig. 6B). Endites short and reddish brown, anteriorly lighter (Fig. 6B). Sternum orange-brown (Fig. 6B). Eyes as male, contoured by yellow setae (Fig. 6A-D). Leg I orange-brown, Legs II-IV yellowish brown (Fig. 6A-D). Abdomen beige, with same shape as male (Fig. 6A, C). Dorsum with darker patches, first two on the folium, followed by a transversal patch almost in the middle portion, and remaining ones as in male (Fig. 6A, C). Venter as male (Fig. 6B). Epigynal plate sclerotized, orange, short, and with a deep notch in the posterior rim, with two basal, anteriorly curved, U-shaped slit openings (Fig. 6E). Internal genitalia composed of slender, ribbon-like fertilization ducts on the anterior portion of the spermathecae, which are extremely thick, rounded, and connected to two rounded, uniformly thick and bulky copulatory ducts, with a thicker ectal branch that bend over to a curved tip, in a ventrally placed glandular head that touches the thinner mesal branch of CD (Figs 6F, 7F, 11B).

Total length 6.66. Carapace 3.05 long, 1.99 wide, 1.54 high. Left chelicera 0.91 long, 0.61 wide. Clypeus 0.36 high. Endites 0.53 long, 0.41 wide. Labium 0.61 long, 0.25 wide. Sternum 1.19 long, 0.88 wide. Abdomen 3.37 long, 1.93 wide, 1.33 high.

Diameter of eyes and interdistances: AME 0.76; ALE 0.32; PME 0.11; PLE 0.31. ALE-PME 0.28; PME-PLE 0.28. Ocular area (dorsal view): 1.52 long, 1.67 anterior width, 1.61 posterior width.

Leg articles length: Leg I: Fe 1.75; Pa 0.73; Ti 1.40; Mt 0.83; Ta 0.56; Total 5.27. Leg II: Fe 1.46; Pa 0.69; Ti 0.98; Mt 0.75; Ta 0.54; Total 4.42. Leg III: Fe 1.97; Pa 0.77; Ti 1.01; Mt 1.02; Ta 0.64; Total 5.41. Leg IV: Fe 1.44; Pa 0.69; Ti 1.03; Mt 1.08; Ta 0.69; Total 4.93.

Leg formula I-III-IV-II.

Variation.

Males (n = 3): total length, 5.18-7.09. Females (n = 2): total length, 5.23-6.66.

Distribution.

Only known from type locality (Fig. 12).

Preservation status.

Well preserved in 75% ethanol. Male holotype with left chelicera and palp dissected. Female paratype UFRJ 1586 with genitalia dissected.