Scorzonera albicaulis clade

Zaika, Maxim A., Kilian, Norbert, Jones, Katy, Krinitsina, Anastasiya A., Nilova, Maya V., Speranskaya, Anna S. & Sukhorukov, Alexander P., 2020, Scorzonera sensu lato (Asteraceae, Cichorieae) - taxonomic reassessment in the light of new molecular phylogenetic and carpological analyses, PhytoKeys 137, pp. 1-85 : 1

publication ID	https://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.137.46544
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/850D3E8E-61F8-5682-AD30-BA07D25B7EBE
treatment provided by	PhytoKeys by Pensoft
scientific name	Scorzonera albicaulis clade
status

Treatment

= Achyroseris Sch.Bip., Nov. Actorum Acad. Caes. Leop.-Carol. Nat. Cur. 21: 165. 1845. Type: Achyroseris macrosperma (Turcz. ex DC.) Sch.Bip. (= S. albicaulis Bunge). Note: Schultz (1845) based his segregation of Achyroseris from Scorzonera on the "paleate receptacle" in A. macrosperma . This is, however, clearly erroneous, because a paleate (bracteate) receptacle is not present in any member of the Scorzonerinae ; at most, the receptacle can be slightly hairy in some members of the phylogenetically distant Gelasia .

= Scorzonera sect. Piptopogon C.A.Mey., Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 21(3): 97. 1848.

≡ Scorzonera subg. Piptopogon (C.A.Mey.) C. Díaz & Blanca, Anales Jard. Bot. Madrid 43: 330. 1987. Type: Scorzonera macrosperma Turcz. ex DC. (= S. albicaulis Bunge)

= Scorzonera sect. Turkestanicae Lipsch. in Bobrov & Tzvelev, Fl. URSS 29: 720. 1964. Type: Scorzonera turkestanica Franch.

Diagnostic features.

Perennial herbs and subshrubs; pollen with 24 lacunae; achenes beaked; pappus dirty yellow, caducous.

Description.

Habit, life form, subterranean parts: perennial herbs and subshrubs with a taproot and often with caudex.

Leaves: rosulate and cauline, numerous, usually sessile (rosulate leaves petiolate in S. franchetii ), semi-amplexicaule, linear to narrowly oblong, more often lanceolate, entire or crisp, glabrous or slightly pubescent.

Stem, synflorescence: stem solitary or several, usually leafy but bracteate in S. acanthoclada and S. racemosa , capitula terminal and solitary or numerous, in spiciform or corymbiform synflorescence.

Pollen: echinolophate, tricolporate and each colpus divided into 2 lacunae; with 24 (6 abporal, 6 equatorial, 6 interporal, 6 polar) lacunae ( Poddubnaya-Arnoldi et al. 1934; Nazarova 1997).

Capitula: pubescent and often glabrescent, phyllaries in several series, outer phyllaries 1/2-1/3 as long as inner ones, triangular-ovate, the inner phyllaries triangular to lanceolate, receptacle glabrous, capitula with 4-12 florets, yellow, pink or orange ( S. transiliensis ), 1.5-2 times exceeding the involucre.

Achenes: 7-45 mm, straight, without carpopodium, with more or less expressed beak, 10- or rarely 5-ribbed, papillate; achene wall with parenchyma well-expressed and represented by collenchyma-like cells, then present only as subepidermal continuous layers or sometimes parenchyma absent or discontinuous in the rib areas, insular in principal ribs below sclerenchyma and in secondary ribs above sclerenchyma or absent, air cavities absent, sclerenchyma present as layers with a gap in the principal ribs or continuous sclerenchymatous layers, its fibres orientated parallel to the fruit axis, tannins absent.

Pappus: 6-28 mm, yellowish, bristles plumose below and scabrid in upper part.

Chromosome number.

x = 7, diploids.

Species.

(1) Scorzonera acanthoclada Franch.

(2) Scorzonera albicaulis Bunge

(3) Scorzonera baldschuanica Lipsch.

(4) Scorzonera bracteosa C.Winkl.

(5) Scorzonera crassicaulis Rech.f.

(6) Scorzonera franchetii Lipsch.

(7) Scorzonera graminifolia L.

(8) Scorzonera petrovii Lipsch.