Liogenys santaecrucis Blanchard, 1851

Cherman, Mariana Alejandra, Mise, Kleber Makoto, Moron †, Miguel Angel, Vaz-de-Mello, Fernando Z. & Almeida, Lucia Massutti de, 2017, A taxonomic revision of Liogenys occurring in Brazil with an interactive key and remarks on New World Diplotaxini (Coleoptera, Melolonthidae), ZooKeys 699, pp. 1-120 : 53-56

Liogenys santaecrucis Blanchard, 1851 Figs 71, 93

Liogenys santae-crucis Blanchard, 1851: 167 (orig. desc.)

Liogenys sanctae-crucis : Lacordaire 1856: 269 (sys.); Blackwelder 1944: 228 (check.)

Liogenys sanctae crucis: Harold 1869a:1140 (check.); Dalla Torre 1913: 318 (check.).

Liogenys sanctaecrucis : Frey 1969: 37 (key); Evans 2003: 214 (check.); Evans and Smith 2005: 178 (check.); Evans and Smith 2009: 182 (check.).

Liogenys excisus Moser, 1919: 15 (orig. desc.); Frey 1969: 43 (key); Blackwelder 1944: 227 (check.); Evans 2003: 208 (check.); Evans and Smith 2009: 181 (check.).

Liogenys peritryssoidea Keith, 2004: 195 (replacement name for Liogenys excisus Moser, 1919: 15); Evans and Smith 2005: 177 (check.); Evans and Smith 2009: 181 (check.) Syn. n.

Type material.

Liogenys santaecrucis male syntype (MNHN): [white handwritten] “D319/34” [light green printed] "MUSEUM PARIS/Chiquitos/ d’Orbigny”, [red printed] “SYNTYPE”. This type is here designated the lectotype [white, outlined in red, printed] "LECTOTYPE/ Liogenys santaecrucis /Blanchard, 1851/des. M. A. Cherman 2014". Female syntype (MNHN) [white handwritten] “D319/34”, [light green printed] "MUSEUM PARIS/[handwritten] Chiquitos/ d’Orbigny”, [red printed] “SYNTYPE”, [green handwritten] "L. sanctae - crucis /Cat. Mus./Santa-Cruz (Bolivie)/M. D Orbigny). This syntype is here designated the paralectotype [white, outlined in red, printed] "PARALECTOTYPE/ Liogenys santaecrucis /Blanchard, 1851/des. M. A. Cherman 2014".

Liogenys excisus male holotype (ZMHB): [white printed] "Cuyaba/Mtt. Grosso", [white handwritten] "kein/furr? Mos", [white handwritten] " Liogenys / excisus /Mos/Typen", [red printed] “Typus”, [white handwritten] " Liogenys /bidenti/ceps Mos/[printed] det. G. Frey, 1968".

Non-type material.

BRAZIL. MT: Dist. Guia. Faz Santhidi, 15°28'47S 56°07'33"W, 3/XI/2010, 180m, L. Silva col., 2 ex. (CEMT); Cáceres, 14/XI/1984, Buzzi, Mielke, Elias and Casagrande cols. 1 ex. (DZUP). BOLIVIA. LP: Rio Tamampayo, without date and collector, 1 ex. (ZMHB).

Diagnosis.

Body brownish; elongate, sides almost parallel; elytra testaceous to brownish, pronotum slightly darker; clypeal emargination very deep, sub-angled and wide; outer sides of anterior teeth sub-parallel; meso- and metatibia quadrate in cross section, metatibia not transversally carinated and metatibial spurs equal in length; pygidial width exceeding distance between spiracles of propygidium, pygidial disc entirely bristled throughout. In males, pygidium covered with erect bristles, apex with angled corners. Male genitalia with a groove across the parameral basal region, elevated flange along the inner margin, apex widened and rounded (Fig. 71G).

Redescription.

Length: 9.5-10.3 mm; width: 4.4-5.2 mm. Brownish. Head: distance between eyes nearly twice the width of one eye; frons equal in length to clypeus; clypeal emargination deep, sub-angled and wide; teeth closer in females; outer sides of anterior teeth sub-parallel; outer margin of anterior teeth as long as the eye; lateral margin slightly convex; canthus not exceeding the outer margin of the eye; distal maxillary palpomere, maximum width equal to the apex; fovea deep, extending past the transverse midline of the palpomere; labium transversely carinated, as wide as it is long; antenna 10-articulated, lamellae lighter in color than flagellum and equal in length in males. Thorax: anterior margin of pronotum slightly produced medially; maximum length of pronotum exceeding the length of tarsomeres I, II and III together; disc glabrous, punctures coarse and sparse; pronotal posterior corners sharp, right-angled; proepisternum with long bristles, pro- and mesepisternum scaly, as are the sides of metasternum, also with few long bristles on the anterior margin; distance between meso- and metacoxae up to twice longer than the metacoxa; scutel lum ogival, coarsely punctured at the base or sides. Elytra: shiny, glabrous, uniformly testaceous, barely lighter in color than pronotum, elytra more than three times longer than the pronotum; elytral suture slightly darker than elytron and not elevated; all four elytral ridges barely noticeable. Legs: procoxa scaly on infra-carinal and outer surface; punctures visible at 12 × magnification; three protibial teeth, middle and apical equal in size; the three teeth equally spaced; protibial inner apical spur present; mesofemural disc setose, with a row of long bristles on anterior and posterior margins; mesotibia quadrate in cross section; disc finely sculptured; basal apophysis of metacoxa produced beyond the outer margin of trochanter; metatibial disc finely sculptured and posterior discontinuous longitudinal carina; inner margin of male metatibia carinated towards apex, apical inner surface setose; metatibia not carinated transversally; metatibial apical spurs equal in length, length equal to the apex diameter of tibia; in males, pro- and mesotarsomeres I to IV enlarged, protarsomeres slightly wider than the mesotarsomeres; protarsi more than twice wider than metatarsi; basal metatarsomere and tarsomere II equal in size; claw bifid, symmetrical, superior tooth longer and narrower than inferior tooth; distance between teeth less than the inner tooth. Abdomen: band of scales visible at the lowest magnification beneath the outer margin of elytra; disc and sides of ventrites bristled as is the propygidium; pygidium flat, trapezoidal, apex somewhat angled, wider than long, pygidial width exceeding distance between spiracles of propygidium; pygidial disc bristled throughout, with yellow bristles, deep umbilical reticulate punctures (Fig. 71F). Parameres: width of basal region equal to the parameres together at its maximum width; parameral split at 2/3; basal region strongly grooved at the split level and follows the inner margin forming a flange (Fig. 71G); apex rounded and widened. In lateral view parameres concave, curved downwards apically (Fig. 71H).

Type locality.

Liogenys santaecrucis : BOLIVIA. Santa-Cruz, Chiquitos; Liogenys excisus : BRAZIL. Mato Grosso, Cuiabá (junior synonym).

Geographical distribution.

BRAZIL (MT); BOLIVIA (LP, SC).

Remarks.

Liogenys santaecrucis shares with L. bidenticeps the body size and color of elytra, but it differs in many features such as the deep and angled clypeal emargination, outer margin of teeth and eye equally long, metatibial spurs equally long, pygidium exceeding the distance between the spiracles of the propygidium and the shape of male genitalia is also distinctive. It shares with L. bilobata and L. diodon the metatibia not carinated transversally and with discontinuous longitudinal carina posteriorly (Figs 11-12, 59, 62). This species is extremely similar to L. pseudosanctaecrucis Cherman, sp. n. Liogenys santaecrucis differs in the basal metatarsomere being equal in length to tarsomere II, pygidial disc bristled throughout and parameres with a narrower groove crossing the basal region at the split level. Liogenys perytrissoidea is the replacement name for L. excisus Moser, 1919 designated by Keith (2004). The type of Liogenys excisus bears the label [white handwritten] " Liogenys /bidenti/ceps Mos/[printed] det. G. Frey, 1968" because Frey (1969) suggested that L. excisus could be a synonym of L. bidenticeps . That synonymy inferred by Frey (1969) is discarded in the present work. Male primary types of L. santaecrucis (MNHN) and L. peritryssoidea (ZMHB) were compared, and we concluded that it is a junior subjective synonym of L. santaecrucis . Blanchard's, species name was originally Liogenys santae-crucis . Subsequent authors corrected its spelling to L. sanctaecrucis . In this work, the spelling is being corrected again to L. santaecrucis , maintaining the root of the original species epithet.