Kivua cara, Koch & Liston, 2012

Koch, Frank & Liston, Andrew D., 2012, Revision of Durbadnus Pasteels, 1954, with notes on other Afrotropical Blennocampinae and Allantinae (Hymenoptera: Symphyta: Tenthredinidae), African Invertebrates 53 (2), pp. 645-645 : 648-649

Kivua cara nom. n. (Etymology: from Latin cara (valuable)) for Urocerca luteiventris

Pasteels, 1949 ( Pasteels 1949 a: 67–68). The specific epithet luteiventris is preoccupied in Kivua by K. luteiventris Pasteels, 1949 ( Pasteels 1949 a: 64–65). No synonym is available for this species, so a new name is required for the secondary homonym, provided that K. cara is considered to belong to the same genus as K.

luteiventris. Kivua cribrifrons ( Pasteels, 1949) comb. n. ( Urocerca cribrifrons Pasteels, 1949 ) Kivua incrassata Pasteels, 1949 Kivua luteiventris Pasteels, 1949 Kivua pallipes ( Pasteels, 1949) comb. n. ( Urocerca pallipes Pasteels, 1949 ) Kivua punctifrons Pasteels, 1949 Kivua seydeli Forsius, 1934 Kivua sudanica (Forsius, 1931) Kivua tenuis ( Pasteels, 1949) comb. n. ( Urocerca tenuis Pasteels, 1949 ). Kivua violae nom. n. (Etymology: After Viola Richter, assistant in the Hymenoptera

Section at the Berlin Museum) for Tumura luteiventris Pasteels, 1949 ( Pasteels

1949 a: 57–58). The specific epithet luteiventris is preoccupied in Kivua by K.

luteiventris Pasteels, 1949 ( Pasteels 1949 a: 64–65). No synonym is available for this species, so a new name is required for the secondary homonym, provided that

K. violae is considered to belong to the same genus as K. luteiventris . It should also be noted that Neacidiophora quadrifoveata Koch, 1998 is a synonym of Kivua incrassata Pasteels, 1949 (syn. n.), as based on comparison of type specimens. The reason for the misidentification by Koch (1998) is the nearly complete development of 2A+3A in the fore wing of N. quadrifoveata , which is very faintly indicated in most Kivua species, but highly variable. Pasteels (1949 b) described intraspecific variability in the anal vein, using Kivua seydeli Forsius, 1934 (the type species of Kivua ) as an example. He noted that similar variability occurred in several other Kivua species, including Urocerca . Five Afrotropical genera are retained in the Blennocampinae . Aethiocampa is characterized by absence of the crossvein Rs+M and a very long, petiolate anal cell (1A) of the hind wing ( Fig. 4 ). The basal lobe of the apically bifid tarsal claws is enlarged ( Fig.5 ). The head of the only known species in this genus, Aethiocampa aethiopica (Enslin, 1913) , especially its frons, is conspicuously transversally microridged and dull. The medial tooth of each mandible is strongly developed ( Fig. 25 ). Distega is the largest genus of Afrotropical Blennocampinae , with 25 species currently recognized as valid ( Taeger et al. 2010). According to Pasteels (1949 a), placement of Distega in the Blennocampinae is not necessarily correct, because he sporadically found specimens of different species with variable reduction of the fore wing veins 2A+3A. In fact, apart from a basal stub of 2A+3A ( Fig. 1 ) and in very few cases a very small vestige of these veins at the base of the anal crossvein ( Fig. 2 ; Koch 2000, fig. 34), particularly in D. bevisi , these veins are almost completely obliterated ( Fig. 1 ) in all other species. A distinctive apomorphy of Distega is the continuous suture that divides the upper and lower halves of the mesepisternum ( Fig. 24 ). Durbadnus , now with three species, is revised below. Tesslinia is currently considered to be monotypic. The genus possesses a distinctive combination of characters: fore wing vein Rs+M is weakly curved near its junction with R (resembling Selandriinae , but none of these has a basally incomplete fore wing anal cell); the anal cell of the hind wing is very short or nearly impetiolate ( Fig. 6 ); the basal lobe of the apically bifid tarsal claws is flattened ( Fig. 7 ); the medial tooth of the rather slender mandible is very small ( Fig. 26 ); and the head is micropunctate and shiny.

Trisodontophyes is readily separated from other African Blennocampinae by its tridentate claws ( Fig. 9 ). The genus was revised by Koch (2001). Taeger et al. (2010) list 21 extant species as valid.

Checklist of Afrotropical Blennocampinae Aethiocampa Pasteels, 1949 formosa ( Pasteels, 1949) aethiopica (Enslin, 1913) forsiusi Blank, Liston & Taeger, 2009

humeralis Pasteels, 1955 Distega Konow, 1904 maculata (Forsius, 1934) Paradistega Forsius, 1934 micans (Forsius, 1934) Codistega Pasteels, 1949 mocsaryi Enslin, 1913 Eudistega Pasteels, 1949 montium Konow, 1907 Pachydistega Pasteels, 1949 nigriceps (Enderlein, 1920) Distegella Pasteels, 1951 pallidiventris Forsius, 1927

paradoxalis Pasteels, 1954 abdominalis Forsius, 1931 rectiserra ( Pasteels, 1949) abyssinica Pasteels, 1955 schoutedeni Pasteels, 1954 basilewskyi Pasteels, 1955 sjoestedti Konow, 1904 bevisi Forsius, 1930 thoracalis ( Pasteels, 1949) braunsi Enslin, 1911 velutina (Pasteels, 1951) brunniventris Enslin, 1913 carbonaria Forsius, 1928 Durbadnus Pasteels, 1954 clypealis Pasteels, 1955 chubbi ( Forsius, 1930) coeruleomicans Pasteels, 1955 obscuripes (Forsius, 1931) congonensis (Forsius, 1934) taegeri sp. n.

Figures

Figs 4–9. (4, 5) Aethiocampa aethiopica (Enslin): (4) fore and hind wing, (5) tarsal claw; (6, 7) Tesslinia afra (Enslin): (6) fore and hind wing, (7) tarsal claw; (8, 9) Trisodontophyes sp.: (8) fore and hind wing, (9) tarsal claw.

Figs24–27.(24)Distega bevisi (Forsius),female,mesepisternum with suture (arrowed);(25–27) mandibles: (25) Aethiocampa aethiopica, (26) Tesslinia afra (Enslin), (27) Durbadnus taegeri sp. n.

Figs 1–3. Distega sp.: (1) fore wing with very small vestige (arrow) of veins 2A+3A at the base of the anal crossvein (a) and hind wing; (2) D. bevisi Forsius, fore wing; (3) Distega sp., tarsal claw.