Pogonostoma (Pogonostoma) ondravybirali, Moravec & Vybíral, 2020

Moravec, Jiří & Vybíral, Jan, 2020, New or rare Madagascar tiger beetles- 18. Pogonostoma (Pogonostoma) ondravybirali sp. nov., elaborated redescriptions of P. (P.) atrorotundatum, P. (P.) densisculptum and P. (Microstenocera) fabiocassolai (Coleoptera: Cicindelidae), Zootaxa 4881 (2), pp. 201-230 : 205-211

Pogonostoma (Pogonostoma) ondravybirali sp. nov.

( Figs 1–29 , 104 )

Type locality. Southwestern Madagascar ( Ihorombe Region ): sclerophylous woodland area with Tapia trees ( Uapaca boeri Baill ) in the Isalo National Park near Ranohira .

Type material. Holotype ♁ in SDEI, labelled: “ Madagascar SW: Isalo N.P / S22°33´07´´; E45°24´49.5´´ / 825 m, 11-I. 2010 / leg. Jan Vybíral ” [printed] . Allotype ♀ in CJVB with the same locality label except for: “ 4.I.2017 / leg. Jan & Ondřej Vybíral” . Paratypes. 1 ♁, 6 ♀♀ in CJVB with same locality label as in holotype. 7 ♁♁ , 22 ♀♀ in CJVB , 1 ♁ in MNHN, 1 ♀ in SDEI , 1 ♀ in MFNB , 1 ♀ in BMNH , 2 ♁♁, 5 ♀♀ in CCJM with same locality label as in allotype. 4 ♁♁ , 4 ♀♀ in MSCB with same labels as in allotype except for “leg. Miroslav Svoboda ”. 1 ♀ in CMTD , 2 ♁♁ in CJVB: “ Madagascar, 2007 / Isalo Nat. Park , camp / Namaza, near Ranohira / M. Trýzna leg., 17-18.I.” [printed]. 1 ♁ in ZUAC , 2 ♁♁, 1 ♀ in MHCW : “near Ranohira, Isalo N. P., / Iforombe Reg. / Madagascar / Dec. 9, 2017, Michio Hori & / Elysé Razanajaonarivalona leg.” [printed]. All type specimens labelled: “ Holotype (Allotype or Paratype respectively) / Pogonostoma (s. str.) / ondravybirali sp. nov. / det. Jiří Moravec / & Jan Vybíral 2020”. [red, printed] .

Other material examined. 2 ♁♁ in CJVB: “ Madagascar SW / Zombitse N.P., 6.I.2017 / leg. Jan & Ondřej Vybíral” .

Differential diagnosis. Pogonostoma (Pogonostoma) ondravybirali sp. nov. is placed here in the P. (P.) alluaudi species-complex within the rather large P. (P.) elegans species-group (sensu Moravec 2007).

P. (P.) atrorotundatum W. Horn, 1934 (treated below) shares the punctate-setose posterior pronotal lobe with the new species but is clearly differentiated by notably larger punctures on its elytral surface ( Figs 41–49 ), and its pronotal disc is covered with more anastomosing tubercles forming short or more elongate and continuous transverse rugae on wide median discal area ( Figs 50–54 ); moreover the aedeagus in (P.) atrorotundatum has notably elongated and ventrad-bent apex (in its left lateral aspect, Figs 55–66 ). Other two rather similar species of the complex are P. (P.) natsuae Moravec, Razanajaonarivalona & Hori 2020 and P. (P.) meridionale Fleutiaux, 1899 . Both share a comparatively fine elytral punctation with the new species, but differ in having their posterior pronotal lobe glabrous and aedeagus apex of a different shape (see Moravec et al. (2020). In addition, P. (P.) meridionale possesses notably more irregular elytral punctation and conspicuously ferrugineous (rusty) setosity. P. (P.) rivalieri Moravec, 2005 possesses a similar (though rather straighter) aedeagus apex, but principally differs from the new species in having outer pronotal margins subparallel to parallel (particularly in male) and posterior pronotal lobe glabrous. P. (P.) praetervisum Moravec, 2005 has its aedeagus (in its lateral view) somewhat similar to the new species, but clearly differs in having its elytral punctation much coarser (similar to that of P. (P.) atrorotundatum ) and its pronotal disc covered with rather fine and shallow transverse rugae (see Moravec 2005, 2007). The leading representative of the P. (P.) alluaudi species-complex, P. alluaudi W. Horn, 1898 , differs from the new species in having coarser elytral punctation, and immediately in its black-blue to violaceous-blue body.

The labrum possesses a rather similar shape (including usual variability) in all species of the P. (P.) alluaudi species-complex, except for the number of anterior setae (but their number may vary in some specimens and the setae may be easily abraded).

Description. Body ( Figs 1–2 ) medium-sized, 9.50–11.0 (HT 10.5, AT 10.9) mm long, 2.40–2.90 (HT 2.65, AT 2.90) mm wide, pitchy-black.

Head ( Fig 10 ) notably narrower than body, width 2.00– 2.15 mm; temples short (approximately 2.6–2.8 times shorter than eyes).

Frons merging with clypeus in middle and not differentiated from vertex, flat or moderately convex; supraantennal keels sometimes merging with surface sculpture, usually consisting of moderately elevated posterior crest forming semi-ovoid apex of supraantennal plate; surface very irregularly scabrous.

Vertex moderately convex in middle with faint posteromedian impression, surface rather coarsely and very ir-regularly scabriculous-cristulate, posterior and occipital area covered with somewhat finer, irregularly vermicular or wavy, short crests, passing to irregular and coarsely scabrous sculpture on temples; dorsal surface of head covered with erect, very short, whitish, or partly pale straw-yellow hairlike setae which are better obvious in lateral view.

Genae rather finely and shallowly striate, striae coarser and more irregular on postgenal and juxtaorbital area while basal area almost smooth and with few semierect, easily abraded whitish setae.

Clypeus pitchy-black, rough coriaceous to irregularly scabriculous, covered with scattered whitish, mostly short setae.

Labrum primarily 8-setose, rarely 7-setose (with 5–6 anterior and 2 lateral, ochre to ochre-brown setae); surface black, with only moderate central convexity, rough-coriaceous, glabrous (except for occasional setae passing from clypeus); lateral margins moderately arcuate towards indistinct lateral indentations with deep setigerous puncture, sexually dimorphic; male labrum ( Figs 6–7 ) short, 0.60–0.65 mm long, 1.05–1.25 mm wide, anterolateral teeth variably rounded or subacute or else flattened, anterior margin truncate or shallowly emarginate, irregularly dentate, the teeth usually partly or entirely effaced; female labrum ( Fig. 8 ) notably prolonged anteriad, mostly almost semicircular due to almost arcuate anterolateral margins towards small almost right-angled subacute anterolateral teeth and rather narrow, truncate and irregularly dentate anterior margin; length 0.75–0.80 mm, width 1.10–1.30 mm.

Maxillae ( Fig. 5 ): galea black, usually with depigmented median orifice and tip of basal (longest) galeomere and with brownish tip of the terminal palpomere; lacinia with apical portion moderately to more distinctly spatulatedilated, 0.30–0.33 mm wide, black with brownish, rarely reddish-brown faint tinge and with brownish or rusty setae mixed with whitish hairlike setae.

Palpi ( Fig. 10 ). Both maxillary and labial palpi elongate (of usual length and shape), black, except for cinnamon-brown apical half of terminal palpomeres, with long, black-brown setae with mahogany to violet tinge; surface of maxillary palpi covered with scattered, short whitish or greyish microtrichia; longest palpomeres of labial palpi with bumpy surface and depigmented apices.

Mandibles ( Figs 34 ) mahogany-brown, teeth usually paler, with rather short terminal teeth; sexually dimorphic in shape: male mandibles ( Fig. 4 ) subsymmetrical (apart from the universally longer terminal tooth in right mandible) with second tooth in both mandibles notably smaller than third tooth; female mandibles ( Fig. 3 ) with inner teeth of right mandible longer and almost of the same size; convex basolateral portions black-brown with short, scattered greyish-white setae

Antennae ( Figs 1–2, 10 ) black, in male as long as body or slightly longer, in female somewhat shorter; scape with one or two long, yellow-brown subapical (easily abraded) setae, surface covered with indistinct whitish microsetae; antennomeres 2–4 with scattered whitish microsetae, 5–11 with usual micro-pubescence.

Thorax: pronotum ( Figs 17–20 ) elongate, 2.35–2.70 mm long, 1.55–1.80 mm wide; anterior lobe slightly or more notably narrower than posterior lobe, its surface rather coarsely and irregularly scabrous-rugulose with scattered umbilicate tubercles bearing whitish hairlike setae; pronotal disc in male ( Figs 17, 19 ) with moderately convex, lateral margins (ellipsoidal); in lateral view subgibbose ( Fig. 20 ) in female subglobose ( Fig. 18 ); notopleural sutures invisible from above; median line indistinct, partly merging with irregular surface sculpture consisting of rather coarse tubercles which are mostly isolated and umbilicate, particularly on lateral areas, while those on median area are occasionally or more commonly transversely connected into very short, transverse crests; shiny posteromedian area adjacent to posterior lobe covered with fine and shallow, mostly transverse stria-like rugae; whole discal surface covered with scattered, short, decumbent or erect, whitish to pale straw-yellow hairlike setae mostly arising from setigerous pits of the umbilicate tubercles (setae easily abraded and usually barely obvious on median area in dorsal view, but better recognizable in lateral view ( Fig. 20 ); posterior lobe shiny, sparsely irregularly wrinkled and sparsely or rather densely punctate-setose with whitish setae which may appear blackened, particularly on lateral areas; proepisterna ( Fig. 20 ) large, almost smooth and shiny, with only sparse and fine setigerous punctures and short parallel-wrinkles on juxtanotopleural area; mesepisterna shiny, with occasional setae on ventral area adjacent to mesosternum; mesepimeron deeply impressed; metepisterna notably long, deeply longitudinally impressed, smooth, with very sparse, barely visible whitish microtrichia; prosternum smooth, except for very fine transverse wrinkles, together with mesosternum rather densely covered with long and erect, whitish hairlike setae arising from barely visible setigerous micropunctures; metasternum almost smooth, indistinctly sparsely whitish setose, glabrous in middle.

Elytra ( Figs 11–16 ) elongate, 5.50–6.40 mm long, outer margins of elytral base obliquely sloped towards arcu-ate-rounded humeri; lateral margins almost parallel, with only slightly arched bulge in anterior third of the margin in male, and only indistinctly enlarged towards rounded lateral anteapical angles; elytral apices sexually dimorphic: male apex ( Figs 11, 13 ) with mostly acute, almost thorn-like outer tooth, then faintly obliquely sloped towards small, right-angled inner tooth, and with faint sutural emargination towards very small or indistinct sutural spine; female apex ( Figs 12, 14 ) with blunter and right-angled outer tooth and with right-angled but notably large inner tooth and deep (but narrow) excision towards indistinct sutural spine; elytral surface convex with moderate basodis-cal convexity delineated by deep (mutually V-shaped) discal impression, punctate throughout, except for effaced narrow basal and anterior basohumeral area; punctures larger and deep on two elytral thirds, large and mostly isolated also on lateral areas, deepest, largest and irregularly anastomosing by lowered lateral intervals on basodiscal convexity and median part of elytral disc, but reduced or partly (never entirely) effaced within the deep discal impression; limited area along sutures is covered with smaller and very irregular punctures; posterior declivity and whole anteapical area covered with smaller and more spaced punctures of a carinate shape, partly with almost aciculate posterior margins of intervals; surface of intervals shiny; setal vesture consisting of nearly erect, copious, moderately long, pale to straw-yellow ornamental setae which are mixed with very sparse, long and erect, whitish hairlike sensory setae, which are longest and numerous on lateral portion of humeri.

Abdomen. Ventrites pitchy-black, covered with scattered, short and mostly appressed whitish setae; female ventrite 8 usually paler.

Legs pitchy-black; coxae rather densely whitish-setose; profemora covered with rather dense medium-long whitish and darker setae; mesofemora with dense whitish setae on their dorsal surface, much sparser setae on ventral area; metafemora with sparser, brownish and black mostly stiffer setae; protibiae with dense whitish appressed setae and a few longer erect brown setae on ventral area; mesotibiae with blackened setae except for dark ferrugineous, dense setae on their apical area; metatibiae densely covered with mostly black setae; protarsi covered with whitish and darkened setae (and as in all species, first three protarsomeres in male dilated and with dense setose pad); meso-and metatarsi covered with brown and blackened setae; claws rusty or rusty-brown.

Aedeagus of almost uniform size, 2.50–2.60 mm long, 0.40 mm wide, in its left lateral aspect ( Figs 21, 23, 26, 28 ) rather distinctly bent in middle, apical portion conically tapered towards rather small, rounded, only very slightly dorsad-bent apex; the aedeagus in its ventral (and dorsal) aspect ( Figs 22, 24, 25, 27, 29 ) is conically attenuated and narrowed into moderately elongated apex.

Variability. Apart from the somewhat variable shape of the labrum (particularly in male as obvious in Figs 6–7 ), the size of the elytral punctures in the new species may slightly vary (but the punctation never consist of so extremely large punctures as in P. (P.) atrorotundatum , P. (P.) praetervisum , and P. (P.) alluaudi . Likewise, the tubercles on the pronotal surface may be somewhat more anastomosing on the discal median area, but never consisting of transverse rugae as in the above-mentioned species. The aedeagus apex, which is predominantly consistent in shape, may appear shorter due to the state of its apical orifice (as for instance with partly prolapsed internal sac in HT shown in Fig. 21 ).

Etymology. Named after one of the collectors, Ondřej Vybíral (son of the second author of the present paper).

Distribution and biology. Pogonostoma (P.) ondravybirali sp. nov. inhabits the sclerophylous woodland area of the Isalo National Park near Ranohira (Southwestern Madagascar, region of Ihorombe). Adults from the type lo-cality were taken from the coarse bark of the fire-resistant trees called Tapia (= Uapaca bojeri Baill ). Two examined males were caught on a different kind of tree in the Zombitse-Vohibasia National Park near Sakaraha, situated 90 km southwest from the Isalo massif.

Figures

FIGURES 1–10. Pogonostoma (P.) ondravybirali sp. nov. (from type locality). 1–2—habitus: 1—♁, 10.5 mm, HT (SDEI); 2—♀, 10.9 mm, AT (CJVB); 3–4—mandibles: 3—♀, AT; 4—♁, HT; 5—galea and lacinia, ♁, PT (CCJM); 6–8—labrum: 6—♁, HT; 7—♁, PT (CJVB); 8—♀, AT; 9—antennal scape and pedicel, ♀, AT; 10—head, ♁, HT. Bars = 1 mm.

FIGURES 11–16. Pogonostoma (P.) ondravybirali sp. nov. (from type locality). 11–12—elytral apices: 11—♁, HT (SDEI); 12—♀, AT (CJVB); 13–14—elytron: 13—♁, HT; 14—♀, AT; 15—sculpture on elytral disc, ♁, HT; 16—ditto (higher magnifi- cation and on larger area of both elytra). Bars = 1 mm.

FIGURES 17–20. Pogonostoma (P.) ondravybirali sp. nov. (from type locality), pronotum. 17—♁, HT (SDEI); 18—♀, AT (CJVB); 19—♁, PT (CJVB) 20—ditto, lateral view. Bars = 1 mm.

FIGURES 21–29. Pogonostoma (P.) ondravybirali sp. nov. (from type locality), male aedeagus or its apex. 21—HT (SDEI); 22—ditto, ventral view; 23—PT (CJVB); 24—ditto, dorsal view; 25—ditto, ventral view; 26—PT (CCJM); 27—ditto, ventral view; 28—PT (CJVB); 29—ditto, ventral view. Bar = 1 mm.

FIGURES 104–107. Maps of distribution. 104—Pogonostoma (Pogonostoma) ondravybirali sp. nov.; 105—Pogonostoma (P.) atrorotundatum W. Horn; 106—Pogonostoma (P.) densisculptum Moravec; 107—Pogonostoma (Microstenocera) fabiocassolai Moravec.

FIGURES 41–49. Pogonostoma (P.) atrorotundatum W. Horn. 41–44—elytral apices: 41—♁, “C. W. Madagascar”, LT (SDEI); 42—♁, Bongolava, HT of syn. P. (P.) rufidens Rivalier (MNHN); 43—♀, “Tananarivo”, PLT (SDEI); 44—♀, Miandrivazo, PLT (MNHN); 45–49—elytron or its detail: 45—♁, LT (SDEI); 46—ditto, sculpture on elytral disc; 47—♁, Antsalova (CCJM ex APCA); 48—♁, “Tananarivo”, as syn. P. (P.) rufidens Rivalier (CCJM ex APCA); 49—♀, Antsalova (CCJM). Bars = 1 mm.

FIGURES 50–54. Pogonostoma (P.) atrorotundatum W. Horn, pronotum. 50—♁, “C. W. Madagascar”, LT (SDEI); 51—♁, ibid., PLT (SDEI); 52—♁, Antsalova (CCJM ex APCA); 53—♁, Bongolava, HT of syn. P. (P.) rufidens Rivalier (MNHN); 54—♀, Antsalova (CCJM). Bars = 1 mm.

FIGURES 55–66. Pogonostoma (P.) atrorotundatum W. Horn, male aedeagus or its apex. 55—“C.W. Madagascar”, LT (SDEI); 56—ditto, dorsal view; 57—ibid., PLT (SDEI); 58—Bongolava, HT of syn. P. (P.) rufidens Rivalier (MNHN); 59—ibid., PT of syn. P. (P.) rufidens Rivalier (MNHN); 60—Antsalova (CCJM ex APCA); 61—ditto, ventral view; 62—ditto, dorsal view; 63—ibid. (CCJM) 64—ditto dorsal view; 65—Ambalatomby (CCJM); 66—labels of LT (SDEI). Bars = 1 mm.

FIGURES 30–40. Pogonostoma (P.) atrorotundatum W. Horn. 30–31—habitus: 30—♁, 9.9 mm, “C. W. Madagascar”, LT (SDEI); 31—♁, 9.7 mm, Bongolava, HT of syn. P. (P.) rufidens Rivalier (MNHN); 32—mandibles and labrum, ♁, Antsalova (CCJM ex APCA); 33—mandibles, ♀, ibid.; 34—galea and lacinia, ♁, ibid.; 35—lacinia, ♁, “C. W. Madagascar”, PLT (SDEI); 36–40—labrum: 36—♁, LT; 37—♁, “C. W. Madagascar”, PLT (SDEI); 38—♁, Antsalova (CCJM); 39—♁, HT of syn. P. (P.) rufidens; 40—♀, Miandrivazo, PLT (MNHN). Bars = 1 mm.