Dicranopteris nervosa (Kaulf.) Maxon (1922: 49)

Lima, Lucas Vieira & Salino, Alexandre, 2018, The fern family Gleicheniaceae (Polypodiopsida) in Brazil, Phytotaxa 358 (3), pp. 199-234 : 206

1.2. Dicranopteris nervosa (Kaulf.) Maxon (1922: 49) . Figs. 1I–H , 2C , 3B .

Mertensia nervosa Kaulfuss (1824: 37) . Gleichenia nervosa (Kaulf.) Sprengel (1827: 25) . Dicranopteris nervosa (Kaulf.) Ching (1940: 275) . nom. ileg. Type:— BRAZIL. Santa Catarina: Chamisso s.n. (lectotype designated here LE [LE00000262] photo!).

Mertensia beyrichiana Sturm (1859: 238) . Type:— BRAZIL. Rio de Janeiro. Beyrich s.n. (holotype B [B 20 0123225] photo!).

Mertensia latissima Fée (1869: 203) . Type:— BRAZIL. Rio de Janeiro: Serra do Couto. Glaziou 3174. (lectotype designated here P [P00633253] photo!, isolectotype P [P00633252] photo!). Remaining syntypes:— BRAZIL. Rio de Janeiro: Serra do Couto. Glaziou 3173 (P [P00633252] photo!, BR [BR0000006972196], [BR0000006971830] photos!). Serra dos Órgãos. Glaziou 1751 (BR [BR0000006971809], [BR0000006972134], P [P00633247] photos!). Glaziou 2825 (P [P00633248], [P00633249] photos!, BR [BR0000005794102], [BR0000005793488] photos!). Glaziou 2826 (P [P00633251], [P00633250] photos!, BR [BR0000006971861] photo!).

Plants terrestrial. Rhizomes 1.1–4 mm thick, with reddish-brown rigid hairs, glabrescent. F ronds erect, 1–(2)-forked, ultimate branches 6.5–62 cm × 2.8–17 cm, ovate to elliptic, apex caudate, base asymmetric, inner side with reduced segments, external side with conform segments, segments linear 2–9.5 cm × 0.15–0.32 cm, margins revolute, abaxial surface green or pruinose, lanose, with reddish-brown to whitish multicellular hairs. Buds covered by multicellular reddish, pseudoestipule present, accessory branches usually absent, if present entire to lobate in the base. Veins 3–4- forked. Sori medial, without paraphyses.

Distribution and habitat: — Brazil (Minas Gerais, Paraná, Rio de Janeiro, Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina and São Paulo), Bolivia, and Peru. In Brazil, this species occurs along roads and trails, and at forest edges in the Atlantic Forest Domain at 600–1850 m.

Notes: — Dicranopteris nervosa is recognized by multicellular hairs on the abaxial surface, and erect fronds usually 1-forked, with accessory branches simple to lobate or absent.

In the original description of Mertensia nervosa, Kaulfuss (1824) cited a collection of Chamisso without number and herbarium, and there is no information about the number of exsiccatae of this Chamisso’s collection. The Kaulfuss herbarium was incorporated by LZ, but unfortunately it was destroyed during WW-II. It seems that there was at least one type collection of M. nervosa in LZ, since the Kaulfuss herbarium was there, and the LE specimen seems to be a duplicate. Here we designate the material in LE as lectotype, since apparently it is the last preserved type material of M. nervosa .

In the original description of Mertensia latissima, Fée cites five collections of Glaziou as types, but did not indicate the herbaria. We chose among the type material in P the most complete specimen with original Fée label.

Selected specimens examined: — BRAZIL. Minas Gerais: Camanducaia, Patrimônio São Domingos , 29 March 2001, Salino et al. 6399 (BHCB) ; Baependi, Parque Estadual da Serra do Papagaio , 23 November 2012, Santiago 194 (CESJ) ; Delfim Moreira, Serra da Mantiqueira, Fazenda Boa Esperança , trilha dos Romeiros, 22°35’17.8”S, 45°18’51.5”W, 1558 m, 19 March 2011, Fernandes 890 (BHCB) ; Passa Quatro, Sertões Matins, 1400 m, 10 May 1948, Brade 19052 (RB). Paraná: Quatro Barras , Serra da Baitaca , Morro Anhangava , 13 March 1997, Cordeiro & Cruz 1404 (BHCB) ; Passaúna, estrada a campo largo, divisa com Curitiba , 18 January 1951, Tessemann 403 (RB) ; Ponta Grossa, 26 July 1981, Krieger s.n. (BHCB 4219). Rio de Janeiro: Itatiaia , Parque Nacional do Itatiaia , Trilha entre os abrigos Macieira e Macena , c.a. 1850 m, 10 November 1993, Sylvestre et al. 924 (RB) ; Paraty, Pico do Cuscuzeiro, 1280 m, 21 December 1995, Oliveira 6 (RB), Rio de Janeiro, Pico da Tijuca , 600 m, 17 July 1941, Brade 16854 (RB). Rio Grande do Sul: Caxias do Sul, Criuva, 750 m, 18 September 1988, Wasum 4429 (INPA) ; São Francisco de Paula, Lago São Bernardo, 830 m, 08 September 2000, Wasum 653 (RON). Santa Catarina: Blumenau, Parque Nacional da Serra do Itajaí , 27°03’24.0”S, 49°05’16.0”W, 27 August 2007, Gasper 622 (FURB) ; Botuverá, Reserva Biológica Canela Preta , 27º16’12”S, 49º08’24”W, 639 m, 30 March 210, Stival-Santos et al. 2296 (BHCB) ; São Bento do Sul, Serra Alta, ponte do Rio Banhados , 26°16’32.0”S, 49°23’01.0”W, 31 December 2013, Schwirkowski 199 (FURB) ; Urubici, Parque nacional de São Joaquim, 28°09’10.1”S, 48°37’54.8”W, 7 January 2012, Matos 2001 (NYBG) ; Urupema, Fazenda Farofa, trilha do meio do campo drenado, em direção ao campo de altitude, 27º55’17,7”S, 49º52’5,3, 1535 m, 04 April 2007, Salino et al. 11966 (BHCB). São Paulo: Bananal , Estação Ecológica do Bananal , nas trilhas da Estação, 1350 m, 09 March 2001, Salino 6324 (BHCB) ; Campos do Jordão , s.d., Dittrich 1103 (BHCB) ; Caraguatatuba, s.d., Salino et al. 5405 (BHCB); Cunha, Rodovia SP 171, Pedra da Marcela, Torre de Transmissão de Furnas , 23°10’00.0”S, 44°51’00.0”W, 1700 m, 13 July 1997, Nonato 385 (HUEFS) ; São Luís do Paraitinga, Parque Estadual da Serra do Mar, Núcleo Santa Virgínia , 06 March 2001, Salino et al. 6225 (BHCB) .

Figures

FIGURE 1. A–D. Dicranopteris flexuosa (Dittrich 2012, CESJ). A. Detail of the abaxial segment surface. B. Detail of the abaxial segment surface showing the globose glandular hairs on the secondary veins. C. Rhizome hairs. D. Bud hairs. E–H. Dicranopteris nervosa (Salino 6470, BHCB). E. Detail of the abaxial segment surface. F. Rhizome hairs. G. Bud hairs. H. Hairs of the abaxial segment surface. I–M. Dicranopteris rufinervis (Viveros 26, BHCB). I. Detail of the abaxial segment surface. J. Detail of the abaxial segment surface showing bacilliform glandular hairs on the secondary veins. K. Rhizome hairs. L. Bud hairs. M. Hairs of the abaxial midrib surface. N–Q. Dicranopteris seminuda (Rodriguez 3406, COL). N. Detail of the abaxial segment surface. O. Rhizome hairs. P. Bud hairs. Q. Hairs of the abaxial segment surface. R–U. Gleichenella pectinata (Gonzatti 1913, CESJ). R. Detail of the abaxial segment surface. S. Rhizome hairs. T. Bud hairs. U. Hairs of the abaxial segment surface.

FIGURE 2. Habit. A. Dicranopteris rufinervis. B. D. flexuosa. C. D. nervosa. D. D. seminuda. E. Gleichenella pectinata.

FIGURE 3. Distribution of five taxa of Gleicheniaceae in Brazil. A. Dicranopteris flexuosa. B. D. nervosa and D. seminuda. C. D. rufinervis. D. Gleichenella pectinata.