Xenocheira fasciata Haswell, 1879

Hughes, Lauren Elizabeth, 2017, Review of Xenocheira Haswell, 1879 (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Aoridae), Records of the Australian Museum 69 (4), pp. 223-236 : 226-229

Xenocheira fasciata Haswell, 1879

Figs 1–6

Xenocheira fasciata Haswell, 1879: 272 , pl. XI, fiG. 6a–c. — Haswell, 1885: 105, pl. XVI, fiGs 1–3. — STebbinG, 1906: 624. — MOOre, 1988: 706, fiGs 1–3 (invalid desiGnaTiOn Of holotype status). —Barnard & Karaman, 1991: 240–241, figs 45E, 46E. —Springthorpe & Lowry, 1994: 16 (catalogue). —Lowry & Stoddart, 2003: 73 (catalogue).

not Xenocheira fasciata . — K. H. Barnard, 1931: 125, fiG. 4a, b. (accepted as Grandidierella gilesi Chilton, 1921 see MOOre, 1988). — PirlOT, 1938: 335, fiG. 150 (accepTed as X. pirloti Moore, 1988 ).

Type locality. Port Jackson , New South Wales, Australia, 33°51'S 151°16'E .

Material examined. Lectotype, female, AM P.25466, 4 slides, carcass in parts on slides, length unknown, Port Jackson , New South Wales, Australia, 33°51'S 151°16'E,Australian Museum old collection (pre-1905), no further details. Possible syntype, female (poor condition, some parts of gnathopods and uropods missing), AM P.99078, Port Jackson, New South Wales, Australia, 33°51'S 151°16'E, Keith Sheard Collection (label Cotype. One Co-type mounted. KS).

New South Wales: male, 4.9 mm, dissected, 2 slides, AM P.99086, east of Red Head, 32°03'17"S 152°33'14"E, 12.4 m, orange lacy bryozoan ( Triphyllozoon ? sp.) frOm lOw prOfile rOckY reef wiTh sand GUTTers, 22 March 2003, coll.AM party (NSW 2245); b female, 5.8 mm, 4 slides,AM P.99087, east of Red Head, 32°03'17"S 152°33'14"E, 12.4 m, orange lacy bryozoan ( Triphyllozoon ? sp.) frOm lOw prOfile rOckY reef wiTh sand GUTTers, 22 March 2003, coll.AM party (NSW 2245); 2 female specimens,AM P.73749, east of Red Head , 32°03'17"S 152°33'14"E), 22 March 2003, coll. AM party (NSW 2263); 2 specimens, AM P.77259, east of Red Head , 32°03'17"S 152°33'14"E, 12.4 m, orange lacy bryozoan ( Triphyllozoon ? sp.) from lOw prOfile rOckY reef wiTh sand GUTTers, 22 March 2003, cOll. AM parTY (NSW 2245); 4 specimens,AM P.26103, Sow and Pigs Reef, Port Jackson , 33°50'18"S 151°16'12"E, 30 September 1976, Sample 2; 3 specimens,AM P.77135, Bottle and Glass Rocks, Port Jackson , 33°50'54"S 151°16'12"E, 4 m, soft sediment, 23 April 1982, coll. J. K. Lowry and R. T. Springthorpe (NSW 102); 1 specimen, AM P.77276, south west side of Cabbage Tree Island , north east of Port Stephens , 32°41'24"S 152°13'20"E, 13.9 m, rocks, 9 March 2006, coll. R. T. Springthorpe (NSW 2889); 1 specimen, AM P.77279,south west side of Cabbage Tree Island , north east of Port Stephens , 32°41'24"S 152°13'20"E, 10.5 m, dead coral rubble, 9 March 2006, coll. K. B. Attwood (NSW 2901); 1 specimen, AM P.80522, south-west side of Boondelbah Island , east of Port Stephens , 32°42'30"S 152°13'32"E, 10 March 2006, coll. A. Murray (NSW 2909); 17 specimens, AM P.77282, south-west side of Boondelbah Island , east of Port Stephens , 32°42'30"S 152°13'32"E, 16 m, rock with coelenterate Acabaria sp. , 10 March 2006, coll. A. Murray (NSW 2909); 9 specimens, AM P.77283, south-west side of Boondelbah Island , east of Port Stephens , 32°42'30"S 152°13'32"E, 20 m, under stones, 10 March 2006, coll. R. T. Springthorpe (NSW 2914); 4 specimens, AM P.77302, sewerage pipeline , Nelson Bay, Port Stephens , 32°43'11"S 152°08'28"E, 10 m, mass of intertwined dead algae, 15 March 2006, coll. C. Fraser (NSW 3042); 5 specimens, AM P.77303, sewerage pipeline , Nelson Bay, Port Stephens , 32°43'11"S 152°08'28"E, 8 m, sponges and rubble, 15 March 2006, coll. C.Arango (NSW 3053); many specimens, AM P.77301, sewerage pipeline , Nelson Bay Port Stephens, 32°43'11"S 152°08'28"E, 10.9 m, bottom growth, 15 March 2006, coll. K. B.Attwood (NSW 3038); 3 specimens, AM P.77295, sloping rock reef with ledges, Esmerelda Cove, Broughton Island , north east of Port Stephens , 32°37'19"S 152°19'10"E, 18–19.2 m, bushy brown algae from under kelp, 11 March 2006, coll. K. B. Attwood and C. Fraser (NSW 2954); 1 specimen, AM P.77267, Park Beach BOmmie, easT Of COffs HarbOUr, 30°17'42"S 153°12'E, 14 m, ascidian,? Clavellina sp. , 3 May 2005, coll. K. B. Attwood (NSW 2833); 8 specimens, AM P.77261, Chopper Rock , north-west of North West Solitary Island , 30°00'30"S 153°15'22"E, 17 m, ascidian, Herdmania momus , lOw prOfile reef wiTh plaTe cOrals, rOckY reef and paTches Of sand, 29 April 2005, coll. S. J. Keable (NSW 2778); 1 specimen, AM P. 57235, 100 m north-west of Split Solitary Island , 30°14'S 153°10'48"E, 7 March 1992 (NSW 697); male, dissected, 3 slides, AM P.99090, west side of Box Head, Broken Bay , 33°33'S 151°21'E, sponge, 22 November 1982, coll. J. K. Lowry and R. T. Springthorpe (NSW 171); many specimens, AM P.99089, west side of Box Head, Broken Bay , 33°33'S 151°21'E, sponge, 22 November 1982, coll. J. K. Lowry and R. T. Springthorpe (NSW 171); male,AM P.99092, west side of Box Head, Broken Bay , 33°33'S 151°21'E, sponge Clathria macropora with crinoids, 22 November 1982, coll. J. K. Lowry and R. T. Springthorpe (NSW 160); 2 specimens,AM P.99093, west side of Box Head, Broken Bay , 33°33'S 151°21'E, bryozoan, 22 November 1982, coll. J. K. Lowry and R. T. Springthorpe (NSW 174); 6 specimens, AM P.99091, west side of Box Head, Broken Bay , 33°33'S 151°21'E, 15 m, bryozoan, on rocky substrate, small crinoid, Antedon incomoda , 22 November 1982, coll. J. K. Lowry and R. T. Springthorpe (NSW 158) .

South Australia: 6 specimens (1 male and 5 females), SAMA C6407, southern Gulf St Vincent, 20–40 m, in prawn trawl, May / June 1987, coll. S. Corigliano, FV Rivoli Queen ; many specimens, SAMA C6408, west of Aldinga , 33°16'00"S 138°27'00"E, in prawn trawl, 38–41 m, 4–5 May 1987 , RV Rivoli Queen, K. L. Gowlett-Homes and S. Corigliano; 5 specimens (1 male and 4 females), SAMA C6410, 18.6 miles west norwest of Rapid Head, Gulf St Vincent , 35°31'08"S 138°10'01"E, sponges and bryozoans, in prawn trawl, 23 June 1987, coll. K. L.Gowlett-Homes and S. Corigliano, FV Rivoli Queen ; many specimens, SAMA C6409, Beacon, Curlew Point, Upper Spencer Gulf , 32°32'21"S 137°46'09"E, 27–30 m, Smith McIntyre grab, 14 January 1988, coll. V. Sergeev and E. Oks.

Victoria: 5 specimens, NMV J66436 , Crib Point , 38°21'S 145°14'E, 12 m, 4 March 1997, coll. Marine and Freshwater Research Institute (MAFRI) , Victoria; 2 specimens, NMV J66982 , Crib Point , 38°21'S 145°14'E 15 m, 4 March 1997, coll. Marine and Freshwater Research Institute (MAFRI) , Victoria; 1 specimen, NMV J66558 , Long Island, Hastings, Western Port 38°19'S 145°18'E 17 m, 4 March 1997, coll. Marine and Freshwater Research Institute (MAFRI) , Victoria; 2 specimens, NMV J67096 , Long Island, Hastings, Western Port 38°19'S 145°14'E, 17 m, 4 March 1997, coll. Marine and Freshwater Research Institute (MAFRI) , Victoria; 3 specimens, NMV J67228 , Steel Wharf, Hastings, Western Port 38°18'S 145°11'E, 12 m, 5 March 1997, coll. Marine and Freshwater Research Institute (MAFRI) , Victoria; 5 specimens, NMV J67251 , Steel Wharf, Hastings, Western Port , 38°17'S 145°14'E, 10 m, 5 March 1997, coll. Marine and Freshwater Research Institute (MAFRI) , Victoria.

Northern Territory: 1 male and 1 female, AM P.99094, Van Diemen Rise , eastern Joseph Bonaparte Gulf, Timor Sea, 11°38'10"S 129°49'06"E, 27 m, Smith-McIntyre Grab, 12 September 2009, coll. Geoscience Australia (SOL 4934,31GR49) ; 5 specimens (1 male and 4 females), NTM Cr 015900, Dawson Rock, Bynoe Harbour, 12°42'17.38"S 130°35'33.42"E, 12 m, sponge sample, 9 June 2003, coll. B. Glasby et al .

Description. Based on female lectotype, AM P.25466.

Head. Lateral cephalic lobes apically blunt, anteroventral margin shallowly excavate to moderately recessed, anterodistal corner weakly produced. Antenna 1 peduncle article 1 posterior margin with robust seta; flagellum unknown. Antenna 2 unknown. Mandible molar triturative; accessory setal row with 6–7 setae; palp article 3 subequal 2, length 2.1× width, anterior margin straight with setae of two lengths. Maxilla 1 inner plate with 1 apical plumose seta; palp 2-articulate, article 2 broad (turned in illustration), distal end with slender setae and 6 apical robust setae.

Pereon. Pereonites 1–2 each without sternal process. Gnathopod 1 female simple; basis slender, length 3× breadth, anterodistal margin subquadrate; ischium posterior margin with slender setae; merus 1.8× as long as broad, posterior margin with slender setae; carpus rectilinear, length 0.5× propodus, posterior and midmedial margin with line of long slender setae; propodus length 4× breadth, proximal end with line of long slender setae, posterior margin straight with line Of lOnG slender seTae, palm weaklY develOped, defined by subquadrate corner with long robust seta; dactylus 0.3× propodus length, recurved, posterior margin serrate, unguis present. Gnathopod 2 subchelate; basis anterior margin straight; merus 1.6× as long as broad, posterodistal margin with line of long slender setae; carpus 0.4× propodus length, anTeriOr marGin wiTh larGe flanGe, anTerOdisTal end wiTh dOUble row of long slender setae, posterior margin with dense cluster of short slender setae; propodus rectilinear, length 4× breadth, anterodistal end with line of long slender setae, posterodistal end with dense cluster of short slender setae, palm transverse, less Than One fifTh The lenGTh Of pOsTeriOr marGin, wiThOUT rObUsT defininG seTa, dacTYlUs shOrT, recUrved, reachinG end Of palm. Pereopods 5–7 (P5 based on male AM P.99086) basis margins with plumose setae; ischium and merus slender with patches of slender setae; carpus anterior and posterior margin with short robust setae; propodus posterior margin lined with short robust setae; dactylus recurved, unguis present.

Pleon. Epimera 1–2 (based on male AM P.99086) posterodistal corner rounded to subquadrate, ventral margin with plumose setae. Epimeron 3 (based on male AM P.99086) posterodistal margin rounded. Uropod 1 biramous; peduncle much longer than broad, distoventral interramal spine shorter than peduncle; rami subequal. Uropod 2 biramous; peduncle subequal to inner ramus length, with distoventral interramal spine less than half length of peduncle; inner ramus longer than outer ramus, apical robust setae short. Uropod 3 biramous, peduncle short, 0.6× rami length; rami subequal, with slender marginal and apical setae. Telson longer than broad, apically excavate with distal slender setae.

Male (sexually dimorphic characters). Based on AM P.99086.

Gnathopod 1 male coxa not produced anterodistally; basis broad, length 1.6× breadth; carpus compressed, length 0.8× breadth, 0.25× propodus length, posterior margin with dense long slender setae; propodus expanded, subovate, length 1.5× breadth, medial surface with line of long slender setae, posterior margin with long slender setae, palm weakly obtuse, proximal shelf long, subquadrate, margin undulating, wiTh excavaTe v-shaped sinUs, defined bY sUbqUadraTe cOrner with strong posterodistal spine, without post palmar robust seta; dactylus not reaching end of palm, posterior margin convex.

Remarks. Haswell’s original published description of Xenocheira did nOT inclUde specific nOminaTiOn Of TYpe maTerial, bUT iT is siGnificanT ThaT OnlY a female specimen was described.Australian Museum collections of Xenocheira fasciata thought to be from W.A. Haswell collections include four slides which contain the partial dissection and disjointed carcass of a female. These slides are labelled “types” and “?Macleay Museum”, the institute where Haswell had been based. This material has been considered as a probable syntype, AM P.25466 (Springthorpe & Lowry, 1994; Lowry & Stoddart, 2003). Moore (1988) mistakenly cited AM P.25466 as a holotype.

Additionally a female specimen among the Australian Museum Keith Sheard Collection labelled “Co-type. One Co-type mounted. KS” with a second label “ Xenocheira fasciata Hasw. Port Jackson ” was recently discovered (June, 2016). This material is a possible syntype of the set of slides associated with AM P.25466. A lectotype of the more complete female specimen is herein designated to stabilize the species name.

This study extends the known distribution of X. fasciata to locations in both southern temperate Australian and tropical northern Australia. Material from Bynoe Harbour indicated that X. fasciata is sympatric with X. pirloti .

The lobate carpus of gnathopod 2 and long slender seta on the carpus and propodus is seen in X. fasciata , X. pirloti and another aorid, Autonoe seurati ( Chevreux, 1907) , which is also reported from tropical northern Australia ( Myers, 2009). The absence of long slender setae on the basis of gnathopods 1 and 2 separates X. fasciata and X. pirloti from A. seurati .

Distribution. AUsTralia. New SOUTh Wales: COffs HarbOUr (current study); Port Stephens ( Haswell, 1879; Moore, 1988; current study); Port Jackson ( Haswell, 1879; current study); Broken Bay (current study); Twofold Bay (Hutchings, et al., 1989). Victoria: Western Port; Corner Inlet; Crib Point, Hastings ( Moore, 1988; current study). South Australia: Gulf St Vincent; Upper Spencer Gulf; west of Aldinga (current study). Tasmania: south-western Bass Strait; Variety Bay, Bruny Island, Freycinet Peninsula ( Moore, 1988; current study). Northern Territory: Northwest Shelf; Bynoe Harbour (current study).

Figures

Figure 1. Xenocheira fasciata Haswell, 1879, female lectotype, AM P.25466, Port Jackson, New South Wales (scale 0.1 mm).

Figure 2. Xenocheira fasciata Haswell, 1879, female lectotype,AM P.25466, Port Jackson, New South Wales (scale 0.1 mm).

Figure 3. Xenocheira fasciata Haswell, 1879, male, 4.9 mm, AM P.99086, east of Red Head, New South Wales (scale 0.1 mm).

Figure 4. Xenocheira fasciata Haswell, 1879, male, 4.9 mm, AM P.99086, east of Red Head, New South Wales (scale 0.1 mm).

Figure 5. Xenocheira fasciata Haswell, 1879, female, 5.8 mm, AM P.99087, east of Red Head, New South Wales (scale 0.1 mm).

Figure 6. Xenocheira fasciata Haswell, 1879, male, 5.9 mm, AM P.80522, south-west side of Boondelbah Island, east of Port Stephens, New South Wales. Image by Roger Springthorpe.