Notothlaspi australe (Hook.f.) Hooker (1864: 15)

Heenan, Peter B., 2019, A taxonomic revision of Notothlaspi (Brassicaceae), a specialist alpine genus from New Zealand, Phytotaxa 399 (3), pp. 248-260 : 250-253

Notothlaspi australe (Hook.f.) Hooker (1864: 15) ( Figure 1 )

≡ Thlaspi? australe Hooker (1855: 325) .

Lectotype (fide Allan 1961): NEW ZEALAND. Summit of Gordon’s Nob (sic), D. Monro s.n. ( K, cibachrome seen).

= Notothlaspi australe var. stellatum Kirk (1899: 39) .

Lectotype (here designated): NEW ZEALAND. Nelson, chiefly alpine, Private T. Kirk Herbarium, 2 July 1895, Mr Gibbs s.n. ( WELT SP067913 !). Note: Allan (1961, p. 182) indicated the type was at WELT, but he did not designate a particular specimen. The lectotype designated here is in the Kirk Herbarium, is labelled as being collected by Mr Gibbs on 2 July 1895, and would have been available to Kirk.

Description:—Perennial herb, usually with short lateral branches or elongated stems, stems 1.0– 2.2 mm diam., forming single rosettes or open, loose cushions of few to numerous rosettes. Leaves 5.5–21.0(–35.0) mm long, rosulate or spreading on stems; lamina 3.5–10.5 mm long, 3.0– 6.5 mm wide, ovate to broadly ovate, green, brown or green-brown, coriaceous, adaxial surface usually glabrous or occasionally sparsely hairy, abaxial surface glabrous; margin usually toothed, with 1–6 pairs of teeth, teeth 0.3–1.2 mm long, forward projecting; apex obtuse to subacute, base cuneate to obtuse; petiole 2.0–9.0(–24.0) mm long, usually distinct from lamina. Inflorescence usually axillary, flowers solitary, sometimes terminal and flowers cymose; peduncle 8–22 mm long, 0.5–0.7 mm diam., ascending, usually glabrous, occasionally sparsely hairy. Sepals 2.9–5.6 mm long, 1.2–2.5 mm wide, linear-lanceolate, green, usually glabrous, occasionally sparsely hairy, margin entire, apex subacute, base truncate. Petals 6.2–10.2 mm long, 2.5–4.8 mm wide, white, limb broadly obovate to broadly elliptic, patent to reflexed; apex obtuse; base cuneate, tapering to a 3.0–4.0 mm long claw. Stamens 6; filaments, linear, two 2.8–4.4 mm long, four 3.8–5.3 mm long; anthers 1.0– 1.4 mm long, cream to pale yellow. Ovary 2.2–3.5 mm long, 0.9–1.3 mm wide, compressed, green, brown or green-brown, glabrous; ovules 5–10 per locule; style 1.2–3.0 mm long; stigma capitate, 0.4–0.5 mm diam. Silicle 6.0– 9.8 mm long, 6.0– 8.1 mm wide, glabrous, green, brown or green-brown, obcordate, orbicular, orbicular-obovate, angustiseptate; valves keeled, winged, wing c. 0.4 wide at base, 1.8–2.5 mm wide at apex; style persistent 0.8–2.5 mm long. Seeds 1.1–1.2 mm long, 0.8–0.9 mm wide, orbicular-oblong, brown. Chromosome number 2n = 90–100 (CHR 518401; CHR 518402). FL Nov–Mar; FT Jan–Apr.

Representative specimens:— NEW ZEALAND. Nelson. Lead Hill , 30 December 1949, L. B. Moore s.n. ( CHR 68722 !) ; Mount Goul , February 1966, F. Soper s.n. ( CHR 168197 !) ; Mount Prospect, Peel Range , March 1982, A. P. Druce s.n. ( CHR 370023 !) ; Mount Peel, Tasman Mountains , 3 January 1951, J. A. Hay s.n. ( CHR 76346 !) ; Mount Peel , 12 December 1952, J. A. Hay s.n. ( CHR 75677 !) ; Lake Peel , January 1971, R. Chinnock s.n. ( WELT SP092817 !) ; Mt Peel , 19 February 1946, W. R. B. Oliver s.n. ( WELT SP052564 !) ; Mt Peel , 19 February 1946, W. R. B. Oliver s.n. ( WELT SP009727 !) ; Mount Peel , January 1947, H. Talbot s.n. ( CHR 259461 !) ; Devil Range, Tasman Mountains , 2 February 1957, G. B. Peterson s.n. ( CHR 77989 !) ; Motueka River , 13 April 1993, D. Glenny s.n. ( WELT SP081367 !) ; Boulder Lake, Mt. Calpurnia , 28 January 1963, W. Burke s.n. ( WELT SP092721 !) ; Lake Sylvester , 14 December 1965, H. Talbot s.n. ( CHR 259459 !) ; Iron Ridge , 30 January 1970, B. S. Parris & J. Croxall s.n. ( AK 122028 !) ; Iron Hill , 30 January 2008, P. J. Bellingham 1856 ( AK 345653 !) ; Iron Hill, Cobb Valley , 28 March 1964, L. B. Moore s.n. ( CHR 151026 !) ; Mount Cobb , 17 January 1966, B. Given s.n. ( CHR 190269 !) ; Cobb Dam , 19 December 1973, B. Sneddon s.n. ( WELT SP091873 !) ; Cobb Valley , November 1979, A. P. Druce s.n. ( CHR 365490 !) ; Cobb Reservoir , 23 October 2014, P. B. Heenan s.n. ( CHR 688814 !) ; Cobb , 19 November 1980, D. R. Given 12455 ( CHR 507896 !) ; Cobb Dam , 10 February 1988, B. H. Macmillan 88/34 & A. J. Fife ( CHR 401374 !, AK 179704 !) ; Boulder Lake , 19 May 1905, J. E. Braggins s.n. ( AK 269323 !) ; Mount Sylvester and Mount Cobb , 1 January 1961, M. E. Sexton s.n. ( AK 252052 !) ; Mt Peel , 1 February 1953, J. A. Rattenbury s.n. ( AK 261809 !) ; Mt Peel , 1 February 1953, J. A. Rattenbury s.n. ( AK 261808 !) ; Mount Peel , 12 January 1961, P. Hynes s.n. ( AK 70376 !) ; Mount Peel , 23 January 2003, H. Riden HR60 ( AK 295321 !) ; Mount Arthur, T. Cheeseman s.n. ( WELT SP027933 !) ; Mt. Arthur , 30 December 1933, E. M. Heine s.n. ( WELT SP027937 !) ; Mount Arthur , 8 January 1969, M. A. & I. M. Ritchie s.n. ( CHR 187750 !) ; Mount Arthur , 16 January 1975, M. J. A. Simpson 7517 ( CHR 278358 !) ; Mount Arthur , January 1886, T. F. Cheeseman s.n. ( AK 4503 !) ; Mt Arthur , 13 December 1952, J. A. Rattenbury s.n. ( AK 261812 !) ; Mount Arthur , 28 February 1905, J. Adams s.n. ( AK 14869 !) ; Mount Arthur , 28 February 1905, J. Adams s.n. ( AK 14872 !) ; Mount Star, Arthur Range , March 1982, A. P. Druce s.n. ( CHR 389162 !) ; Mount Sodom, Arthur Range , March 1982, A. P. Druce s.n. ( CHR 389125 !) ; Wangapeka Saddle , 22 January 1971, B. H. Macmillan 71/55 ( CHR 219271 !) ; Mount Patriach , January 1974, A. P. Druce s.n. ( CHR 273709 !) ; Mount Patriarch, Arthur Range , February 1982, A. P. Druce s.n. ( CHR 389068 !) ; Mount Gomorrah , March 1982, A. P. Druce s.n. ( CHR 389086 !) ; Kakapo Peak , 25 March 1981, A. P. Druce s.n. ( CHR 363070 !) ; Lookout Range , 18 February 1993, K. A. Ford 78 ( CHR 482908 !) ; Mount Baldy, March 1984, A. P. Druce s.n. ( CHR 401804 !): Mount Baldy , March 1982, A. P. Druce s.n. ( CHR 389150 !) ; Mount Kendall , March 1983, A. P. Druce s.n. ( CHR 389950 !) ; Mount Owen , 14 November 1998, K. A. Ford 138/98 ( CHR 530156 !) ; Mt Owen, W. Townson s.n. ( WELT SP027932 !) ; Mount Owen , January 1882, T. F. Cheeseman s.n. ( AK 4502 !) ; Mount Owen , n.d., W. L. Townson s.n. ( AK 245608 !) ; Mount Owen , n.d., W. L. Townson 606 ( AK 4501 !) ; Mt Owen , 19 January 1968, C. Bell s.n. ( WELT SP092811 !) ; Owen Range , 18 December 1967, C. Bell s.n. ( WELT SP092812 !) ; Owen massif, 20 January 2017, A. Kusabs & H. Meudt s.n. ( WELT SP105982 !) ; Mount Owen , 23 January 1972, M. J. A. Simpson 6663 ( CHR 227628 !) ; Granity Pass, Mount Owen , 22 January 1972, M. J. A. Simpson 6710 ( CHR 227675 !) ; Haypaddock, Owen Range , 17 April 1976, C. J. Webb 76141 ( CHR 283747 !) ; Marino Mountains , 17 January 1996, D. Glenny 6304 ( CHR 509824 !) ; The Haystack, Matiri Range , March 1974, A. P. Druce s.n. ( CHR 355180 !) ; Wooded Peak , n.d., F. G. Gibbs s.n. ( CHR 95565 !) ; Coppermine Saddle , October 1998, P. B. Heenan & M. I. Dawson s.n. ( CHR 514768 !) ; St. Arnaud Range , 11 December 1950, W. R. B. Oliver s.n. ( WELT SP009658 !) ; St Arnaud Range , January 1924, H. H. Allan s.n. ( WELT SP027930 !) ; St Arnaud Mts , W. Martin s.n. ( WELT SP042507 !) ; St. Arnaud Range , 20 February 1968, B. Sneddon s.n. ( WELT SP091870 !) ; St Arnaud Range , 1 December 1961, M. J. A. Simpson 3265, ( CHR 125418 !) ; Mount Misery, Nelson Lakes , 9 February 1961, M. J. A. Simpson 2680 ( CHR 120386 !) ; Mole Tops, Nelson Lakes, 14 February 1964, M. J. A. Simpson 4090 ( CHR 146449 !): Mount Robert , 31 December 1955, L. B. Moore s.n. ( CHR 124435 !) ; Mt Robert , 23 January 2017, A. Kusabs, H. Meudt, J. Prebble & Z. Burns s.n. ( WELT SP106036 !) ; Mount Robert , 20 December 1963, J. Thompson s.n. ( CHR 522526 !) ; Spencer Mountains , 10 January 1945, W. B. Brockie s.n. ( CHR 222219 !) ; Nardoo Range , 3 February 1999, S. Courtney s.n. ( CHR 336518 !) ; Mt Cupola , 6 March 2003, C. Ashton s.n. ( AK 282893 !) ; St Arnaud Range , 16 January 2005, A. E. Wright 13241 ( AK 291513 !) ; Saint Arnaud Range , 18 April 1965, P. Hynes s.n. ( AK 105773 !) ; Sabine River, Nelson Lakes , 24 November 1959, M. J. A. Simpson 1712 ( CHR 117616 !) ; Travers Range , 21 March 1961, M. J. A Simpson 3009 ( CHR 120701 !) ; Travers Range , 13 February 1971, M. J. A. Simpson 6068 ( CHR 220390 !) ; Travers Range , 15 March 1959, M. J. A Simpson 7321 ( CHR 120075 !) ; Travers Mountains , 9 August 1967, I. Fryer s.n. ( CHR 181117 !) ; Mt. Murchison , 1 December 1967, B. Sneddon s.n. ( WELT SP091872 !) . Marlborough. Dun Mountain , 28 March 1894, M. Gibb s.n. ( WELT SP027902 !) ; Dun Mountain , 1949, T. W. Mellor s.n. ( WELT SP009661 !) ; Dun Mountain , 15 January 2003, C. Ashton s.n. ( AK 281010 !) ; Dun Mountain , January 1878, T. F. Cheeseman s.n. ( AK 4504 !) ; Dun Mountain , 6 January 1958, K. M. Wood s.n. ( AK 50508 !) ; Dun Mountain , n.d., F. G. Gibbs s.n. ( AK 4506 !) ; Mount Dun , 26 January 1997, P. J. de Lange 3238 ( AK 232682 !) ; Dun Mountain Range , n.d., F. G. Gibbs s.n. ( AK 4507 !) ; Dun Mountain Range , n.d., F. G. Gibbs s.n. ( AK 221456 !) ; Dun Mountain , n.d., F. G. Gibbs s.n. ( AK 221457 !) ; Dun Mountain , n.d., F. G. Gibbs s.n. ( AK 4505 !) ; Bryant Range , 30 December 1996, A. J. D. Tennyson s.n. ( AK 231032 !) ; Dun Mountain , 6 December 1960, B. Hamlin s.n. ( WELT SP011543 !) ; Dun Mountain , 27 January 1929, H. H. Allan s.n. ( CHR 1271 !) ; Windy Point, Dun Mountain , March 1975, G. N. Park s.n. ( CHR 405027 !) ; Dun Mountain , December 1923, G. O. K. Sainsbury s.n. ( CHR 329565 !) ; Wooded Peak , 8 March 1894, F. Gibbs s.n. ( WELT SP027903 !) ; Wooded Peak , 20 December 1894, F. Gibbs s.n. ( WELT SP043529 !) ; Mount Starveall , 18 December 1971, D. R. Given 71537 ( CHR 223063 !) ; Mount Rintoul , n.d., F. G. Gibbs s.n. ( CHR 115881 !) ; Mount Fishtail , 21 December 1979, B. Molloy s.n. ( CHR 386664 !) ; Wairau Valley, Red Hills , 24 January 1963, W. Burke s. n. ( WELT SP092808 !) ; Red Hills, Red Hill Basin , 9 April 1997, P. J. de Lange 3272 ( AK 232637 !) ; Red Hills , 7 April 1997, P. B. Heenan & P. J. de Lange s.n. ( CHR 512501 !) ; Red Hills, n.d., G. W. Asher s.n. ( CHR 595794 !). Westland. Boundary Peak, n.d., W. L. Townson 66 ( AK 4500 !) .

Distribution and habitats:— New Zealand, endemic. Notothlaspi australe is restricted to the mountains of Nelson, Marlborough and north Westland, northern South Island ( Figure 5). It occurs on rock outcrops, bluffs, and shingly sites from c. 700 to 1800 m, where it often grows on shaded sites such as ledges and crevices. It occurs on a wide range of soil types, including those derived from greywacke, limestone, marble and ultramafic parent materials.

Etymology:—The specific Latin epithet australe refers to the Southern Hemisphere distribution of the species when it was placed in Thlaspi by Hooker (1855).

Conservation status:— Notothlaspi australe is assessed as having a conservation status of Not Threatened ( de Lange et al. 2018).

Figures

FIGURE 1. Notothlaspi australe. A. Flowering plant (Photograph K. Ford). B. Fruiting plant with green leaves. C. Fruiting plant with brown leaves. D. Leaves each with several prominent teeth. E. Leaves entire or each with a few teeth. F. Leaves with prominent hairs. G. Leaves glabrous. H. Axillary flowers clustered toward the tips of the leafy stems.