Malva subovata (DC.) Molero & J. M. Monts. (2005: 288) subsp. subovata

Iamonico, Duilio, 2016, Nomenclatural notes and morphological observations on Malva subovata s. l. (Malvaceae), Phytotaxa 275 (1), pp. 23-34 : 28-29

Malva subovata (DC.) Molero & J. M. Monts. (2005: 288) subsp. subovata

Basionym: Lavatera subovata DC. (1824: 439) .

Type (lectotype here designated):— MOROCCO, Mogador, sine die, Broussonet 218739 (G-DC-013857!, plant on the right; image of the lectotype available from http://www.ville-ge.ch/musinfo/bd/cjb/chg/adetail.php?id=217305&base=img&lang=en).

= Lavatera maritima Gouan (1773: 46) non Malva maritima Lam. (1778: 140) ≡ Olbia canescens Moench (1802: 200) , nom. nov. pro L. maritima Gouan , nom. illeg. et superfl. (Arts. 52.1, and 52.2 of the ICN) ≡ Axolopha maritima (Gouan) Alefeld (1862: 259) ≡ Althaea maritima (Gouan) O. Kuntze (1891: 66) ≡ Malva micans L. subsp. maritima (Gouan) Sampaio (1931: 150) .

Type (lectotype here designated):—[Icon] Tab. XXI f. 2 from Gouan (1773, image available at http://bibdigital.rjb.csic.es/ing/Libro. php?Libro=971).

= Lavatera rotundifolia Lam. (1778: 138) , nom. illeg. (Art. 52.2 of the ICN).

= Lavatera africana Cav. (1788: 282) , nom. illeg. non Lavatera africana Mill. (1768: Lavatera n. 2) (Art. 53.3 of the ICN).

Type (lectotype here designated):—[Icon] t. CXXXIX f. 1 from Cavanilles (1788, image available at. http://bibdigital.rjb.csic.es/ing/ Libro.php?Libro=321).

= Axolopha wigandii Alef. (1862: 259) ≡ Malva wigandii (Alef.) Ray (1998: 293) , nom. illeg. et superfl. (Arts. 52.1, and 52.2 of the ICN).

Type (lectotype here designated):— SPAIN, Malaga, Cerro San Anton, in fissuris rupium calcarearum regionis calidae, 29 April 1845, Willkomm 858 ( COI!, image of the lectotype available from www.uc.pt/en/herbario_digital/willkomm_herbarium/herb_on_line).

= Lavatera rupestris Pomel (1875: 343) ≡ Lavatera maritima Gouan var. rupestris (Pomel) Maire (1931: 282) ≡ Lavatera maritima Gouan subsp. rupestris (Pomel) Greuter & Burdet (1982: 198) ≡ Malva subovata (DC.) Molero & J.M.Monts. subsp. rupestris (Pomel) Molero & J.M.Monts. (2006: 154–155) .

Type (lectotype here designated):— ALGERIA, Oran, Garrouban, sine die, Pomel s. n. ( MPU- 005784!, image of the lectotype available from http://www.herbier-mpu.org/zoomify/zoomify.php?fichier= MPU 005784).

= Lavatera gallica Nyman (1878: 128) , nom. illeg. (Art. 36.1c of the ICN).

= Lavatera maritima Gouan var. trilobata Rouy (1897a: 46) .

Type (lectotype here designated):— FRANCE, Baous-Roux près Nice 03 March 1863, Canut 960 ( LY!) ( Fig. 1 ).

= Lavatera maritima Gouan var. purpurea Maire & Wilczek (in Maire 1935: 195).

Type (lectotype here designated):— ALGERIA, Oran, Cap Falcon, in rupibus maritimus promontori, 24 March 1934, Maire s.n. ( MPU- 003360!, image of the lectotype available from http://www.herbier-mpu.org/zoomify/zoomify.php?fichier= MPU 003360). Isolectotype at P-06730402! (image of the isolectotype available from http://imager.mnhn.fr/imager2/g/ 2012/07/18 /6/P06730402. jpg).

‒ Lavatera maritima Gouan var. typica sensu Fiori & Paoletti (1901: 265) , nom. inval (Art. 24.3).

Description:—Shrub, 10–12(–15) dm, stem branched, pubescent to tomentose with white and stellate hairs (especially younger parts), the old branches slightly pubescent to glabrous. Lower and middle leaves with blade suborbicular [0.8–4(–7) × 1–4.5(–8) cm], 3–5-lobed, and crenate, dentate to subentire margins, tomentose on both surfaces, base cordate, obtuse or truncate; petiole shorter than the blade [0.6–3(–3.5) cm long]; upper leaves often 3-lobed; stipule linear, acuminate, caducous. Inflorescences in racemes. Flowers solitary or paired, pedunculate (peduncle 0.5–1.5 cm long); epicalyx formed by three bracts, each 3–8 mm long (up to 8–10 mm in fruit), lanceolate to ovate, elliptic, tomentose, shorter than the sepals, nearly free, with usually apex acute; calyx longer than the epicalyx (2–3 times in flowering), with 5 sepals, each 5–9 mm long, with triangular lobes, usually acute; petals emarginate at apex, cuneate at base, (1.3–)1.5–3.0 cm long, pale rose with purple claw (sometimes whitish); anthers reniform; styles smooth; pollen whitish; staminal column glabrous to pubescent. Schizocarp with 9–13 mericarps, glabrous, striate to verrucose dorsally, with dorsal angles acute and dentate; mericarps completely enclose the seed and attached to the fruit axis at maturity, without flaps between each pair of mericarps (malvoid-type); carpophore conical, exceeding the mericarps; seed usually brown (1.80–2.40 × 2.20–3.00 mm), smooth, reniform.

Chromosome number:—2n = 44, material from Spain, in Malaga province (Loque & Devesa 1986).

Ecology:—The taxon mainly grows on calcareous cliff along coasts (sometimes inland in rocky places) at altitudes between 0 and 700(–900) m. Flowering time is from February to June.

Distribution:—Northern Africa [ Tunisia (Biserta, Nabeul, Safaqis, Tabarka, Tataouine), Algeria (Tell Atlas), Morocco (Meknès-Tafilalet, Nador, Souss-Massa-Draá)] and Central-Western Europe [Western Portugal (Estremadura), South and East Spain (Alicante, Albacete, Almería, Barcelona, Cádiz, Castellón, Huelva, Huesca, Lleida, Málaga, Murcia, Terragona, Valencia, Zaragoza (plus the Balearic islands), southern France and southern and central Italy [data from specimens and literature ( Fernandes 1993: 236–237, Conti et al. 2005: 119, Valdés 2011)]. Concerning Italy, Conti et al. (2005) reported M. subovata s.l. (sub L. maritima s.l.) in the Tyrrhenian regions (from Liguria to Calabria, plus Sicily and Sardinia), but subsp. subovata (sub subsp. maritima ) was recorded only in Lazio, and Basilicata regions. The occurrence of the autonymic subspecies in Sardinia is here confirmed (see “Other Specimens Examined”). The chorotype of the taxon can be assumed as Central-Western-Euri-Mediterranean.

Other Specimens Examined: — ALGERIA. Biskra: El Kantara, 29 March 1858, Cosson s.n. (P-06730350) ; El Kantara, 26 May 1853, Cosson s.n. (P-06730340). Laghouat: fissures de rochers des pentes Est , dans la partie Sud du Djebel Milok, vers 1000 m a.s.l., 07 April 1955, Faurel s.n. (P-04697667) . M’Sila: Dj. Kerdada, Bou-Saada , January 1865, Rebaud s.n. (P-06730355) ; Oran: Cap Frichers et rochers ou Falcon près Oran , 29 March 1952, Retz s.n. (P-04697668) ; Oran, a Santa-Cruz broussailles rocailleuses, 17 March 1941, Faure s.n. (P-06737452) ; Maquis des... de la Santa Cruz près d’Oran, 17 Febraury 1931, Dubuis s.n. (P-04640190) ; Oran, a Santa-Cruz broussailles rocailleuses, 09 February 1930, Faure s.n. (P-04697665) ; Djebel Hadid , 08 June 1889, sine coll. (P-06730408) ; Santa Cruz près Oran , 27 March 1888, Bonnet s.n. (P-06730346) ; Djbel Santo, Oran , 14 July 1905, Chevallier s.n. (P-06730393) ; Oran , 25 April 1883, Debeaux s.n. (P-04697666) ; Oran , 15 March 1863, coll. illeg. s.n. (P-06730396) ; Oran , 17 March 1863, sine coll. (P-06730405) ; Ravines du Djebel Santo près Oran , 20 April 1856, Bourgeau s.n. (P-06730342) ; Oran , 1856, Cosson s.n. (P-04694362) ; Falais de la ... espagnole près Oran , 08 May 1852, Cosson s.n. (P-06730349) ; Rochers du Djebel à Oran , 04 May 1842, Durieu s.n. (P-06730397) ; ibid. s.n. (P-06730334) ; Collines , March 1839, Bourgeau s.n. (P-06730343) . Mostaganem: environs de Mostaganem, sine die, Delestre s.n. (P-06730398) . Tipasa: Ponte Pascade , March 1886, Battandier 73 ( RO) ; Chenoua-plage , pentes rocailleuses du littoral, 10 April 1960, Faurel s.n. (P-04640193) .— FRANCE. Languedoc-Roussillon: Aude , 08 May 1807, de Candolle s.n. (G-DC-00214742) ; Narbonne , rochers calcareis de la Combe-Malle, a la Clappe, 7 April 1881, Gautier s.n. (P-04697939) ; ibid. s.n. (P-04694631) ; Hérault près Mierval , Bouchet s.n. (G-DC-00218782) ; La Combe-malle a la Clappe, près Narbonne , rochers calcareis, 17 April 1881, Gautier s.n. (P-04640199) ; Aude , La Clappe, rochers maritimes, 01 May 1885, Pons . s.n. (P-06730352) ; ibid. s.n. (P-06729928) ; Aude , La Clappe, rochers maritimes, Luly 1886, Pons s.n. (P-06729929) ; Hérault, trou de Miege près Montpellier , 18 April 1888, Barrandon s.n. (P-06608061) ; Montpellier , 1813, Pouzin s.n. (G-DC-00218776) ; Narbonne , sine die, Martin s.n. (P-06729951) ; France sine loc., sine die, Pourret 197 (B) . Var: Environs de Toloune , 1847, Boivin s.n. (P-06611187) ; Toloune, M. Faron près… St. Antoine , 09 February 1881, Chevallier s.n. (P-04643361) ; Cabasse , fontes de Roches, 25 May 1878, Cartier s.n. (P-06611192) ; ibid. s.n. (P-04640200). Toloune, rochers calcareis du mont Coudon près de Toulon, 23 May 1861, Billot s.n. (P-06729954) ; ibid. s.n. (P-04697941) ; Toulone , Bou-de-qatre-heures, 30 April 1848, Bourgeau s.n. (P-06729956) ; Env. de Toloun , 1848, Bourgeau s.n. (P-06729960) .— ITALY. Lazio: Latina, Gaeta, M. Orlando , rupi calcaree a picco sul mare, 15 March 1982, Rossi s.n. ( RO) ; Latina, M. Vannelamare, tra Sperlonga e Gaeta , sperone sul mare, 15 March 1981, Rossi s.n. ( RO) ; ibid., sine die, leg. Minutillo, det. Rossi s.n. ( RO) . Sardinia: Sassari, Capo Caccia , 18 May 1891, Martelli ( FI) ; Sassari, Alghero , 14 May 1891, Martelli ( FI) ; Carbonia-Iglesias, Sardegna Sud-Occidentale, Inglesiente , rocce a monte di Masua , 150–200 m a.s.l., 29 May 1966, leg. Moggi et Ricceri, det. Arrigoni ( FI) ; Sassari, Capo Caccia pr. il Fanale , 6 May 1884, leg. Forsyth Mayor, det. Arrigoni ( FI) ; Sassari, Capo Caccia , 06 May 1884, leg. Forsyth Mayor, det. Arrigoni ( FI) ; Sassari, in insula Sardinia plaga bor. occid., Capo Caccia , 05 May 1884, Sine collectore ( FI) ; ibid. ( FI) ; ibid. ( FI) .— MOROCCO. Nador: Mzaita Kbira , 12 June 1949, Rungs & Sauvage s.n. (P-06641182) . Meknès-Tafilalet: sommet du Djebel-Hadid, 750 m a.s.l., May 1867, Balansa s.n. (P-06730336) . Souss-Massa-Drâa: Agadir , rochers calcareis, 10 April 1922, Maire s.n. (P-06730394) ; Environs d’Agadir , 18 May 1877, Cosson s.n. (P-06730332) ; ibid. s.n. (P-06730353) ; Agadir , 1825, Ibrahim s.n. (P-06730354) .— SPAIN. Andalusia: Sierra de Cartama , rochers, 3 June 1888, Lange s.n. (P-04640219) ; ibid. s.n. (P-04643382) . Baleari: Menorca , 3 April 1873, Willkomm 144 ( COI) ; Mallorca , 19 April 1873, Willkomm 144 ( COI) . Cataluña: Tremp, Valleé de la Noguera, Portell del Terradets , 16 May 1972, Barrier s.n. (P-04694691) ; Cadaqués , in incultis, April 1870, Tremols s.n. ( COI) ; Torruella de Mongri, Rochers de Montange , 150 m a.s.l., May 1882, Vayreda s.n. (P) ; ibid. s.n. (P-04640220) . Castellón: alrededores del Castillo de Almenara, en el Lavatero maritimae-Anagyretum foetidae Costa & al. ined. ( Pegamo-Salsoletea ), 20 May 1984, Peris & Stübig s.n. ( RO) . Murcia: Cartagena , in collibus petrosis, 50–200 m a.s.l., 1890, Porta & Rigo s.n. (P-06729968) . Tenerife: Tenerife, Broussonet s.n. ( MA) . Valencia: Javea, groupements nitrophiles vivaces (Pegamo- Salsolion ), 26 February 1978, Rivas-Martínez s.n. (P-06699943). Ex Regno Valentino, 1806, Duméril s.n. (G-DC-218746) .— TUNISIA. Bizerte: Porto Farina , 5 April 1884, Letourneux s.n. (P-06730352) . Sfax: Djel Attigue , 17 May 1884, Doumet-Adanson et Bonnet s.n. (P-06730406) . Tataouine: Ksar , 01 May 1884, Doumet-Adanson et Bonnet s.n. (P-06730360) .

Figures

FIGURE 1. Lectotype of the name Lavatera maritima Gouan var. trilobata Rouy (Reliq. Maill. No. 960, LY).