Clinopodium album (Waldst. & Kit.) Bräuchler & Govaerts 2018

Bräuchler, Christian, 2018, And now for something completely different-new names in Clinopodium with comments on some types, Phytotaxa 356 (1), pp. 71-80 : 71-73

Clinopodium album (Waldst. & Kit.) Bräuchler & Govaerts , comb. nov.

≡ Melissa alba Waldstein & Kitaibel (1811: 227 & t. 205)

≡ Thymus albus (Waldst. & Kit.) Link (1822: 116)

≡ Calamintha alba (Waldst. & Kit.) Reichenbach (1831: 328)

≡ Calamintha officinalis var. alba (Waldst. & Kit.) Nyman (1881: 588) [marked with „—„, Nyman´s signature for a variety]

≡ Calamintha rupestris Host (1831: 131) , nom. illeg. [Art. 52.2(e), ICN]

≡ Micromeria rupestris Bentham (1848: 225) , nom. illeg. [Art. 52.2(e), ICN]

≡ Nepeta pumila Sprengel (1818: 29) , nom. illeg. (Art. 52.1, ICN; “ Melissa alba Hornem. hort. hafn. p. 562”) [ Hornemann (1813: 562) cited “Kit. Hung.”]

≡ Nepeta croatica Sprengel (1825: 727) , nom. illeg. [non “ Nepeta alba Steudel ” (1821: 552), nom. inval. [Art. 36.1(c), ICN]: “ Nepeta nuda β N. alba Desf. ” 1804: 58]

— Mentha croatica Welden (1830: 218) , nom. inval. [Art. 38.1(a)(b), ICN]

Lectotype (designated by Chrtek & Skocdopolova (1982: 228): CROATIA. [two labels by Waldstein] “ Melissa alba N. Sp. ” and “ Melissa alba Waldstein, Croatischen Kalkfelsen bis in die Alpen” [Kitaibel, P. s.n.; Sternberg standard label with locality: Hungarn] (PR 155794/10063!; see Figure 1).

Figure 1. Lectotype of Melissa alba Waldst. & Kit. (PR 155794/10063).

Further original material seen:— CROATIA. Ad Plocha , in alpinis et subalpinis Velebit Kitaibel, P. ( BP!; Herbar Kitaibel. 5262. Mus. nat. hung. fasc. No. 79. XVIII; BP! Herbar Kitaibel. 5261. Mus. nat. hung. fasc. No. 78. XVIII). Nomenclatural notes:—Herbar Kitaibel. 5262 has been designated as lectotype by Melnikov (2016: 105), which was superfluous given the previously published effective typification cited above .

= Satureja thymifolia Scopoli (1771: 428)

≡ Micromeria thymifolia (Scop.) Fritsch (1899: 119)

≡ Calamintha thymifolia (Scop.) Host (1831: 132)

“ Calamintha thymifolia Reichenbach ”(1831: 328) [later isonym of C. thymifolia (Scop.) Host ]

≡ Melissa thymifolia (Scop.) Bentham (1834: 386) [although Bentham wrote following his citation of the basionym: “ex Host, sed verosimilitèr [sic] ad Satureiam rupestrem referenda.” [from Host, but probably referable to Satureia rupestris ], he did not “explicitly exclude its type ” because his citation of “ S. thymifolia Scop. Fl. Carn. ed. 2 t. 29?” under S. rupestris (p. 352) was not explicit inclusion of the type in a different taxon” (Art. 48.1, ICN)—the question mark being critical]

≡ Cuspidocarpus thymifolius (Scop.) Kuntze (1891: 514) , nec Clinopodium thymifolium Kuntze (1891: 516)

≡ Satureja rupestris Wulfen (1789: 130) , nom. illeg. [Art. 52.2(e), ICN]

≡ Cuspidocarpus rupestris Spenner (1843: 18) , nom. illeg. [Art. 52.2(e), ICN] [Although Spenner appears to be citing Satureja rupestris sensu Wulfen (syn. excl.) his inclusion of “ Calamintha thymifolia Rchb. ” cannot be considered “sensu Rchb., non (Scop.) Host” as Reichenbach accepted Satureja thymifolia as the basionym of his Calamintha thymifolia without question (see above).

— Thymus duinensis Moretti ex Reichenbach (1832: 860) , nom. invalid., pro syn.

Lectotype (designated by Bräuchler 2006: 980):—“Habitat in muris, Idriae.”, t. 29 in Scop., Fl. Carn. ed. 2, 1 (1771).

Epitype (designated here):— SLOVENIA. F. Schultz, herbarium normale. Cent. 6. 541bis, Calamintha thymifolia . 10. aout 1852. Fentes de rochers et débris calcaires dans les forets des montagnes à Strug, près d´Idria (Carniole, Autriche). Rec. Dolliner s.n. (M!, isoepitype P!).

Nomenclatural notes:—First described by Scopoli, the species was questioned by Wulfen (1789) due to the supposedly erroneous inclusion of some pre-Linnaean synonyms. His description of Satureja rupestris lists Satureja thymifolia in synonymy rendering the former illegitimate; with the latter name having had no designated type then (only original material) he does not explicitly or implicitly exclude the (still to be designated) type simultaneously (Art. 52.1(e)). Kuntze (1891) published two names of labiates with the epithet thymifoli-us -a -um. One, Cuspidocarpus thymifolius (Scop.) Kuntze , was based on Satureja thymifolia Scop. , whereas the other, Clinopodium thymifolium Kuntze , was an illegitimate replacement name for Satureja hostii Caruel. This precludes transfer of S. thymifolia Scop. , to Clinopodium , and necessitates a new combination for Melissa alba , the oldest heterotypic synonym available. The epitype for S. thymifolia Scop. is effectively designated here since it was not done so by Bräuchler (2006: 980) due to citation of two herbaria simultaneously (M, P).