Thyone joshuai O’Loughlin, 2012
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publication ID |
https://doi.org/ 10.24199/j.mmv.2012.69.05 |
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persistent identifier |
https://treatment.plazi.org/id/7E4A044D-1909-FFB2-9A82-FA5E97D08C25 |
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treatment provided by |
Felipe |
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scientific name |
Thyone joshuai O’Loughlin |
| status |
sp. nov. |
Thyone joshuai O’Loughlin View in CoL sp. nov.
Figures 17c View Figure 17 , 19 View Figure 19
Material examined. Holotype. South Australia, Upper Spencer Gulf, Whyalla , 33º02'S 137º40'E, 12 m, E. Oks, Sep 1987, SAM K2566 View Materials . GoogleMaps
Paratypes. South Australia, Upper Spencer Gulf, SA Department of Fisheries , Backy Point W, 18 m, Sep 1987, SAM K2560 View Materials (1) ; Feb 1986, SAM K2563 View Materials (1) ; East Shoal NE, 8 m, Feb 1986, SAM K2569 View Materials (3) ; Lowly Point W, 24 m, Sep 1987, SAM K2571 View Materials (4) ; Feb 1987, SAM K2572 View Materials (2) ; False Bay , 10 m, Sep 1987, SAM K2573 View Materials (1) ; Cockle Spit W, 7 m, Aug 1976, SAM K2574 View Materials (1) ; Ward Spit S, 9 m, Feb 1987, SAM K2576 View Materials (1) ; Douglas Bank NE, 11 m, Feb 1987, SAM K2578 View Materials (1) ; Fairway Bank W, 13 m, Sep 1987, SAM K2580 View Materials (1) ; Whyalla, 12 m, Sep 1987, SAM K2581 View Materials (1) ; Port Bonython , 15 m, Sep 1987, SAM K2622 View Materials (1).
Other material. Victoria , Eastern Bass Strait, 38–40ºS 143–149ºE; VIMS, FRV Hai-Kung 81– HK –1, stn 119, 92 m, 31 Jan 1981, NMV F76632 View Materials (2); stn 120, 84 m, sand, 31 Jan 1981, NMV F76630 View Materials (4); VIMS, NZOI RV Tangaroa 81–T–1 stn 162, 51 m, shell, 14 Nov 1981, NMV F76631 View Materials (1); 81–T–1 stn 167, 124 m, mud/fine sand, 14 Nov 1981, NMV F76633 View Materials (1; 2.5 mm long); stn 170, 140 m, muddy sand, 15 Nov 1981, NMV F76624 View Materials (3; up to 5 mm long); 81–T–1 stn 174, 57 m, mud/shell, 18 Nov 1981, NMV F76628 View Materials (1); stn 174, 57 m, mud/shell, 18 Nov 1981, NMV F76634 View Materials (1; 3 mm long); stn 180, 65 m, mud/sand, 18 Nov 1981, NMV F76626 View Materials (1; 1.5 mm long); stn 200, 48 m, sand/shell, 22 Nov 1981, NMV F76625 View Materials (1; 2 mm long) .
New South Wales, Disaster Bay , RV Southern Surveyor SS0404 stn 102, 37º17.22'S 150º04.15'E, 79 m, 28 Apr 2004, NMV F132693 View Materials (1) GoogleMaps ; Port Hacking, Jibbon Head , 34.0708°S 151.1306°E, 23 m, Sep 1976, AM J22366 GoogleMaps (1).
Diagnosis. Thyone species up to 21 mm long, up to 8 mm diameter (preserved, tentacle withdrawn), body fusiform, tapered to rounded end orally and anally, short tail anally, soft thin body wall; external anal scales not detected; 10 tentacles, 8 large, 2 ventral small; tube feet in close single paired series on radii, scattered inter-radially, diameter about 0.15 mm; composite calcareous ring, anterior third tubular, posterior ends of composite radial plates not joined, radials tapered anteriorly with terminal split, deep posterior division more than half composite plate length, paired composite ends thin, narrow, free; inter-radials tapered to anterior point, truncate posteriorly about where the radial plates split, inter-radial composite plates about one third the length of the radial plates; gonad tubules unbranched; long stone canal, globular madreporite; single polian vesicle, elongate, tubular; longitudinal muscles sub-cylindrical.
Mid-body wall ossicles scattered tables, discs regular, oval, margin slightly lobed, perforations typically 4 large central, frequently 4 small corner, discs 56–64 µ m long, spires with 2 pillars, distally spinous, single distal cross connection, spires up to 32 µ m long; tube feet with endplates, variably with and lacking tube foot support tables, endplates with distinct outer ring of large perforations, small central perforations, endplate diameters up to 160 µ m, if present tube foot support tables with curved narrow discs up to 112 µ m long; tentacles ossicles stout and fine rods and rosettes, rods irregular, up to 200 µ m long, frequently with 1 or 2 side branches bluntly spinous distally, widened perforated ends, rosettes up to 64 µ m long, some inter-grade with rods; anal ossicles tables and scales, tables as in mid-body wall, scales single and multi-layered.
Small specimens (10 mm long): abundant mid-body tables, discs with typically 4 perforations, regular, lobed margin, 40 µ m long; tube feet with endplates, ring of outer large perforations, 88 µ m diameter, tube foot support tables with narrow curved discs, 72 µ m long; anal tables as in larger specimen mid-body.
Smallest specimens (1.5–3 mm long): mid-body tables regular with 8 perforations and irregular with many more than 8 perforations, discs up to 128 µ m long, spires up to 48 µ m long; tube feet table discs curved and narrow with more than 8 perforations, discs up to 112 µ m long, large mesh endplates, 112 µ m diameter.
Colour(preserved). Body off-white, sometimes fine brown flecking; tentacles brown to pale brown.
Distribution. Off-shore sediments, Victoria, eastern Bass Strait, 39–40ºS 143–149ºE, 48–140 m; New South Wales, Disaster Bay, Port Hacking, 34–37ºS 150–151ºE, 23–79 m; South Australia, Upper Spencer Gulf, 32–33ºS 137ºE, 7– 24 m.
Etymology. Named for E. C. Joshua, who described the first phyllophorid species on the coast of southern Australia.
Remarks. Significant changes with age/size in body wall and tube foot ossicle forms are recorded in the diagnosis (above). Notable changes are the increase in size and number of perforations in tables with decreasing size of specimen, the mesh-like form of endplates with decrease in specimen size, and the loss of tube foot support tables with increasing specimen size. The morphological characters that distinguish Thyone joshuai O’Loughlin sp. nov. from other southern Australian Thyone species are given in the key (above).
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