Zyras Stephens, 1835

Hlaváč, Peter, Newton, Alfred F. & Maruyama, Munetoshi, 2011, World catalogue of the species of the tribe Lomechusini (Staphylinidae: Aleocharinae) 3075, Zootaxa 3075, pp. 1-151 : 87-116

Zyras Stephens

Zyras Stephens, 1835: 430 . Type species: Aleochara haworthi Stephens , established by decision of the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature ( ICZN, 1961, Opinion 599)

Zyras Stephens : Cameron, 1939f: 497 (key subgenera and species of species of India, Myanmar and Sri Lanka); Kistner, 1972a: 143 (redescription); Scheerpeltz, 1974b: 39 (key to African subgenera); Seevers, 1978: 153 (Key to Nearctic species); Dvořák, 1980 (key to Czechoslovak species, including Pella , Lepla, Pellochromonia, Zyras , Myrmoecia); Dvořák, 1984: 200 (key of palearctic species including China); Hastir & Gaspar, 2001 (biology); Klimaszewski et al. 2005: 714 (restricted redefinition, key to sepcies from America north of Mexico)

subg. Acanthocnemidonia Bernhauer

Zyras (Acanthocnemidonia) Bernhauer, 1936f: 265 . Type species: Zyras miricauda Bernhauer , by monotypy Acanthocnemedonia Bernhauer: Last, 1977b: 78 (misspelling; characters, new combination of some species) congoensis Bernhauer, 1915d: 336 ( Zyras, TL : Congo Belge, Ubangi, Duma) new combination in Last, 1958: 336,

Distribution: Congo-Brazzaville, Dem. Rep. Congo, Nigeria, Senegal, Guinea, Ghana epilogus Last, 1966: 835 ( Zyras (Acanthocnemedonia [misspelling]), TL: Congo Republic, Dimonika, Mayumbé)

Distribution: Dem. Rep. Congo, Cameroon, Congo-Brazzaville, Central African Republic kafakumbanus Bernhauer, 1935a: 104 ( Zyras (Parophthalmodonia), TL : Kafakumba) Distribution: Ghana,

Congo-Brazzaville, Dem. Rep. Congo, Tanzania, Angola, Sierra Leone, Cameroon, Central African Republic,

new combination in Last, 1958: 336 manowensis Bernhauer, 1930a: 147 ( Zyras (Parophthalmonia), TL : Deutsch-Ostafrika, Manow) Distribution:

Tanzania, Congo-Brazzaville, Angola, Ivory Coast, Central African Republic, new combination in Last, 1958:

336.

= manoensis Bernhauer: Last, 1967: 88 [misspelling] miricauda Bernhauer, 1936f: 265 ( Zyras (Acanthocnemidonia), TL : Angola, Luimbale, Mt. Moco, 1800-1900 m)

Distribution: Angola, Ghana, Congo-Brazzaville, Dem. Rep. Congo, Tanzania, Uganda, Cameroon, Ivory

Coast, Central African Republic mirus Last, 1967: 89 ( Zyras (Acanthocnemedonia [misspelling]), TL: not cited) Distribution: Congo-Brazzaville,

Tanzania, Angola NOMEN NUDUM motoensis Last 1966: 828 ( Zyras (Acanthocnemidonia), TL : not cited) Distribution: Congo-Brazzaville, Ghana

NOMEN NUDUM mutabilis Last, 1977b: 78 ( Zyras (Acanthocnemedonia [sic]), TL: Northern region, Damongo, Ghana)

Distribution: Ghana, Central African Republic, Ivory Coast, Nigeria, NOMEN NUDUM subg. Acrothoraconia Bernhauer Zyras (Acrothoraconia) Bernhauer, 1934b: 216 . Type species: Zyras mombassana Bernhauer , by monotypy ealaensis Cameron, 1938a: 16 ( Zyras (Grammodonia), TL : Eala) Distribution: Dem. Rep. Congo, Angola hostilis Cameron, 1932: 39 ( Zyras (Grammodonia), TL : Haut Uele, Abimva) Distribution: Dem. Rep. Congo,

Tanzania, Rwanda, Burundi mombassana Bernhauer, 1934b: 216 ( Zyras (Acrothoraconia), TL : Mombassa, 36 km S Lubero; HA: Dorylus sp. )

Distribution: Dem. Rep. Congo, Burundi reichenspergeri Cameron, 1939c: 37 ( Zyras (Acrothoraconia, TL: Nyasland, Ngerengere; HA: Dorylus (Anomma)

nigricans molestus) Distribution: Tanzania, Congo-Brazzaville, Kenya, Malawi ventosus Last, 1981b: 114 ( Zyras (Acrothoraconia), TL : Tanzania, Morogoro) Distribution: Tanzania subg. Androdonia Bernhauer Zyras (Androdonia) Bernhauer, 1928a: 69 . Type species: Myrmedonia laminata Roth , by original designation Zyras (Androdonia) Bernhauer : Scheerpeltz, 1957a: 167 (key to species) agricola Last, 1980b: 179 [Last, 1960: 44, NOMEN NUDUM] ( Zyras (Androdonia), TL : S Rhodesia, Umtali)

Distribution: Zimbabwe, Tanzania bequaerti Bernhauer, 1928a: 72 ( Zyras (Androdonia), TL : Belgisch-Kongo, Penghe) Distribution: Dem. Rep.

Congo bicochleatus Scheerpeltz, 1957a: 165 ( Zyras (Androdonia), TL : Tanzania, Kilimandjaro, Marangu) Distribution:

Tanzania bihastatus Scheerpeltz, 1957a: 162 ( Zyras (Androdonia), TL : Tanganjika, Kilimandjaro, Marangu, 1500 m)

Distribution: Tanzania caprivensis Pace, 1999b: 203 ( Zyras (Androdonia), TL : Namibia, East Caprivi, Katima Mulilo) Distribution:

Namibia, Rep. South Africa celisi Last, 1977c: 922 ( Zyras (Androdonia), TL : Zaïre, Kivu, Marais Kisanga, env. Butembo, terr. Lubero, 1630

m) Distribution: Dem. Rep. Congo clavispinosus Bernhauer, 1912d: 482 ( Zyras (Ctenodonia) ; TL: Deutsch-Ostafrika, Frangi) Distribution: Tanzania compransor Péringuey, 1904: 208 ( Myrmedonia, TL : Southern Rhodesia, Salisbury) Distribution: Zimbabwe,

Kenya, Dem. Rep. Congo, Tanzania, Guinea

= rhodesiae Bernhauer & Scheerpeltz, 1926: 703 ( Zyras , new name for Myrmedonia termitophila Péringuey,

1904)

= termitophila Péringuey, 1904: 207 ( Myrmedonia, TL : Southern Rhodesia, Umtali; preoccupied, not

Myrmedonia termitophila Wasmann, 1897 ) densior Bernhauer, 1928a: 70 ( Zyras (Androdonia), TL : Belgisch-Kongo, Manyema, Katanta r. Kasa) Distribution:

Dem. Rep. Congo diluticornis Bernhauer, 1912d: 481 ( Zyras (Ctenodonia), TL : Deutsch-Ostafrika, Daressalam) Distribution:

Tanzania, Kenya, Congo emasculatus Cameron, 1952b: 454 ( Zyras (Androdonia), TL : Kenya Colony, N.W. Mau, 10000 feet) Distribution:

Kenya gedyeanus Bernhauer, 1936e: 334 ( Zyras (Androdonia), TL : Kenya Colony, Nairobi, 5450 ft.) Distribution: Kenya hamifer Fauvel, 1907: 62 ( Zyras, TL : Boura, Wa-Taïta) Distribution: Ghana, Kenya, Angola, Tanzania kakumeganus Bernhauer, 1936e: 334 ( Zyras (Androdonia), TL : Kenya Colony, Kakumega, Yala River)

Distribution: Kenya kavangensis Pace, 1999b: 201 ( Zyras (Androdonia), TL : Namibia, Kavango, Popa Falls) Distribution: Namibia laminatus Roth, 1851: 117 ( Myrmedonia, TL : Abysinnien). Distribution: Ethiopia, Eritrea leleupi Last, 1960c: 47 ( Zyras (Androdonia) ; TL: Uganda, Bugiri, 1400 m) Distribution: Uganda masai Pace, 1996b: 226 ( Zyras (Androdonia), TL : Kenya, Nairobi) Distribution: Ethiopia, Kenya, Tanzania mirabilis Bernhauer, 1915c: 166 ( Zyras, TL : Port Natal) Distribution: Tanzania, Angola, Rwanda, Burundi, Dem.

Rep. Congo, Namibia, Rep. South Africa moderatus Last, 1960c: 47 ( Zyras (Androdonia) ; TL: Tanganyka Terr., Kilimanjaro, Marangu, versant S.E., 1800-

2200 m) Distribution: Tanzania pelleyi Bernhauer, 1936e: 334 ( Zyras (Androdonia), TL : Kenya Colony, Kiambu) Distribution: Kenya pseudoarmatus Bernhauer, 1928a: 71 ( Zyras, TL : Deutsch-Ostafrika, Daressalam) Distribution: Tanzania rectangulus Last, 1977c: 923 ( Zyras (Androdonia), TL : Zaïre, Rwankwi) Distribution: Dem. Rep. Congo, Uganda reicherti Wasmann, 1912a: 94 ( Zyras (Rhynchodonia), TL : Bothaville, Oranje-Freist.; HT: Odontotermes transvaalensis ) Distribution: Rep. South Africa, Swaziland rudebecki Scheerpeltz, 1974a: 335 ( Zyras (Androdonia), TL : Cape Prov., Assegaaibos, 50 miles WNW

Humansdorp) Distribution: Rep. South Africa seydeli Last, 1977c: 921 ( Zyras (Androdonia), TL : Zaïre, Elisabethville) Distribution: Dem. Rep. Congo spinosus Bernhauer, 1928a: 69 ( Zyras (Androdonia), TL : Deutsch-Ostafrika, Turu) Distribution: Tanzania subsulcatus Bernhauer, 1937b: 313 ( Zyras (Androdonia), TL : Kenya, Ngong) Distribution: Kenya trapezicollis Bernhauer, 1928a: 69 ( Zyras (Androdonia), TL : Deutsch-Ostafrika, Mittel Uhehe) Distribution:

Tanzania victoriaenyanzae Bernhauer, 1929c: 206 ( Zyras (Androdonia), TL : Victoria Nyanza, Arcip. Di Sesse, Bugala)

Distribution: Tanzania incallidus Last, 1977a: 194 ( Zyras (Androdonia), TL : not cited) Distribution: Tanzania, NOMEN NUDUM subg. Anophthalmodonia Bernhauer Zyras (Anophthalmodonia) Bernhauer, 1936f: 266 . Type species: Zyras jordani Bernhauer , by monotypy Anophthalmodonia Bernhauer: Last, 1960d: 2 (key of African species) artatus Last, 1960d: 6 ( Zyras (Anophthalmodonia), TL : Nigeria, Ibadan) Distribution: Dem. Rep. Congo, Nigeria,

Ghana, Angola, Guinea, Central African Republic benignus Last, 1969a: 138 ( Zyras (Anophthalmodonia), TL : Lefinie reservation) Distribution: Congo-Brazzaville callosus Last, 1960d: 4 ( Zyras (Anophthalmodonia), TL : Congo, Bokuma) Distribution: Dem. Rep. Congo convulsus Last, 1960d: 6 ( Zyras (Anophthalmodonia), TL : Congo, Léopoldville) Distribution: Dem. Rep. Congo dissonus Last, 1977c: 933 ( Zyras (Anophthalmodonia), TL : Nigeria, Ibadan) Distribution: Nigeria girardi Last, 1972: 234 ( Zyras (Anophthalmodonia), TL : Lamto, Toumodi, Côte-d’Ivoire) Distribution: Ivory

Coast, Central African Rep. hoyoensis Last, 1977c: 930 ( Zyras (Anophthalmodonia), TL : Zaïre, Ituri, terr. Bunia, Mont Hoyo) Distribution:

Dem. Rep. Congo inexploratus Last, 1960d: 9 ( Zyras (Anophthalmodonia), TL : Congo, Yangambi) Distribution: Congo-Brazzaville,

Dem. Rep. Congo jordani Bernhauer, 1936f: 266 ( Zyras (Anophthalmodonia), TL : Angola, Luimbale, Mt. Moco, 1800-1900m)

Distribution: Angola, Guinea, Dem. Rep. Congo

= acanthonioides Bernhauer, 1943: 304 ( Zyras (Paraphthalmomia), TL : Congo Belge, Sandoa) synonymy in

Last, 1958: 336 lamtoensis Last, 1972: 233 ( Zyras (Anophthalmodonia), TL : Lamto, Toumodi, Côte-d’Ivoire) Distribution: Ivory

Coast, Central African Rep. nebulosus Last, 1960d: 3 ( Zyras (Anophthalmodonia), TL : Congo, Yangambi) Distribution: Dem. Rep. Congo perappositus Last, 1977c: 929 ( Zyras (Anophthalmodonia), TL : Zaïre, Kivu, terr. Mwenga, Munda) Distribution:

Dem. Rep. Congo pristinus Last, 1977c: 927 ( Zyras (Anophthalmodonia), TL : Zaïre, Kivu, terr. Fizi, Basitombove, 1000 m)

Distribution: Dem. Rep. Congo progidus Last, 1977c: 928 ( Zyras (Anophthalmodonia), TL : Rwanda, Bugesera) Distribution: Rwanda russatus Last, 1960d: 8 ( Zyras (Anophthalmodonia), TL : Congo, Yangambi) Distribution: Gabon, Congo-

Brazzaville, Dem. Rep. Congo, Cameroon saltus Last, 1960d: 10 ( Zyras (Anophthalmodonia), TL : Kenya, Kakamega Forest) Distribution: Kenya solutilis Last, 1960d: 5 ( Zyras (Anophthalmodonia), TL : Congo, Katanga, Kundelungu, 1680 m, Bassin L. Moero)

Distribution: Dem. Rep. Congo, Angola songeanus Bernhauer, 1947: 162 ( Zyras (Parophthalmonia), TL : Songea) Distribution: Tanzania, Nigeria; new combination in Last, 1958: 336 suffuscus Last, 1977c: 932 ( Zyras (Anophthalmodonia), TL : Uganda, Entebbe, Makiwogo, 4000 ft) Distribution:

Uganda teocchii Last, 1972: 235 ( Zyras (Anophthalmodonia), TL : La Maboké, Rep. Centrafricaine) Distribution: Central

African Republic, Cameroon, Ghana subg. Antronia Bernhauer Zyras (Antronia) Bernhauer, 1928a: 21 , 54. Type species: Zyras orbicollis Bernhauer , by original designation Zyras (Antronia) Bernhauer : Last, 1960b: 135 (redefinition of the genus, revision, key) Zyras (Thoracodonia) Bernhauer, 1928a: 21 . Type species: Myrmedonia aculeata Eppelsheim, 1885 , original designation, synonymy in Last, 1977b: 79 aculeatus Eppelsheim, 1885: 100 ( Myrmedonia, TL : Adda an der Goldküste [=Ada, Ghana]) Distribution: Ghana,

Nigeria, Guinea-Bissau

= gracilis Last, 1960b: 138 ( Zyras (Antronia), TL : Nigeria, Ibadan) synonymy in Last, 1977b: 79 argutus Last, 1962a: 93 ( Zyras (Antronia), TL : Congo, Garamba National Park) Distribution: Dem. Rep. Congo,

Togo compressus Last, 1960b: 138 ( Zyras (Antronia), TL : Congo Belge, Kaswabilenga, 700 m) Distribution: Congo-

Brazzaville, Dem. Rep. Congo, Angola dilatus Last, 1960b: 136 ( Zyras (Antronia), TL : Natal, Malvern) Distribution: Rep. South Africa (Natal) ineptus Last, 1960b: 137 ( Zyras (Antronia), TL : Natal, Ladysmith) Distribution: Rep. South Africa (Natal), Angola nocturnus Last, 1960b: 136 ( Zyras (Antronia), TL : Natal, Ladysmith) Distribution: Rep. South Africa (Natal) orbicollis Bernhauer, 1928a: 54 ( Zyras (Antronia), TL : Zululand, Eshowe & Natal, Van Reenen, Drakensberg)

Distribution: Rep. South Africa (Natal, Zululand), Burundi pocsi Last, 1981b: 114 ( Zyras (Antronia), TL : Tanzania, Morogoro) Distribution: Tanzania significans Last, 1977c: 914 ( Zyras (Antronia), TL : Nigeria, Umuahia) Distribution: Nigeria, Zimbabwe vividus Last, 1960b: 135 ( Zyras (Antronia), TL : Sierra Leone, Bomatok) Distribution: Sierra Leone wittei Cameron, 1950b: 71 ( Zyras (Acrothoraconia), TL : May-ya-Moto, riv. Rutshuru, 950m) Distribution: Congo-

Brazzaville, Angola, Ghana, Senegal, Dem. Rep. Congo, new combination in Last, 1960b: 135

subg. Aplastonia Bernhauer

Zyras (Aplastonia) Bernhauer, 1932c: 170 . Type species: Zyras rugosissimus Bernhauer , by monotypy bernhaueri Scheerpeltz, 1934: 1650 ( Zyras (Aplastonia) , new name for Zyras (Aplastonia) rugosissimus Bernhauer, 1932 ) Distribution: Dem. Rep. Congo = rugosissimus Bernhauer, 1932c: 170 ( Zyras (Aplastonia), TL : Haut Uele, Watsa, de Kindu; preoccupied, not Myrmedonia rugosissima Cameron, 1925 ) = uelensis Pace, 2010d: 321 ( Zyras (Aplastonia) , new name for Zyras (Aplastonia) rugosissimus Bernhauer, 1932 ; preoccupied, not Zyras (Parophthalmonia) uelensis Bernhauer, 1928 )

subg. Apostenonia Bernhauer Zyras (Apostenonia) Bernhauer, 1929c: 201 . Type species: Zyras quadrituberculatus Bernhauer , by monotypy dilucidus Dvořák, 1981: 58 ( Zyras (Apostenonia) , new name for Zyras (Apostenonia) distinctus Last, 1967 )

Distribution: Angola, Guinea Bissau, Nigeria, Tanzania

= distinctus Last, 1967: 107 ( Zyras (Apostenonia), TL : Angola, Cameia; preoccupied, not Zyras (Zyras)

distinctus Biering, 1937, not Zyras (Zyras) distinctus Cameron, 1939 ) quadrituberculatus Bernhauer, 1929c: 201 ( Zyras (Apostenonia), TL : Portugiesich Guinea, Bolama) Distribution:

Guinea Bissau, Nigeria, Tanzania subg. Apterygodonia Scheerpeltz

Zyras (Apterygodonia) Scheerpeltz, 1963a: 100 . Type species: Zyras apterus Scheerpeltz , by original designation apterus Scheerpeltz, 1963a: 100 ( Zyras (Apterygodonia) ; TL: Insel Fernando–Poo) Distribution: Equatorial Guinea (Bioko)

subg. Aulacodonia Bernhauer Zyras (Aulacodonia) Bernhauer, 1928a: 21 , 53. Type species: Zyras glaberrimus Bernhauer , by original designation glaberrimus Bernhauer, 1928a: 53 ( Zyras (Aulacodonia), TL : Belgisch-Congo, Manyema, r. Kasa-Niemba)

Distribution: Dem. Rep. Congo lucifer Pace, 1988a: 21 ( Zyras (Aulacodonia), TL : Gabu) Distribution: Guinea Bissau subg. Botsa Blackwelder

Zyras (Botsa) Blackwelder, 1952: 84 . New name for Watsa Bernhauer.

Zyras (Watsa) Bernhauer, 1932c: 171 (preoccupied, not Schouteden, 1931). Type species: Zyras tuberculatus Bernhauer , by monotypy mlilwanensis Pace 2008f: 389 (Botsa, TL: Swaziland, Mlilwane, Wildlife Sanctuary, 26º29.22'S 31º11'E, 800m) Distribution: Swaziland tuberculatus Bernhauer, 1932c: 171 ( Zyras (Watsa), TL : Haut-Uele, Watsa) Distribution: Dem. Rep. Congo subg. Callodonia Bernhauer Zyras (Callodonia) Bernhauer, 1928a: 21 , 55. Type species: Zyras politus Bernhauer , by original designation bifossulatus Scheerpeltz, 1974a: 363 ( Zyras (Callodonia), TL : Natal, Tugela River, 12 miles WNW Bergville)

Distribution: Rep. South Africa coronus Last, 1956a: 212 ( Zyras (Callodonia), TL : Ruanda, Mahembe, Nyanza territory, on the banks of River

Nyawarongo, 1400 m) Distribution: Rwanda, Dem. Rep. Congo politus Bernhauer, 1928a: 21 ( Zyras (Callodonia), TL : Deutsch-Ostafrika, Tabora) Distribution: Tanzania, Ghana,

Nigeria, Senegal yangambiensis Last, 1960d: 15 ( Zyras (Callodonia), TL : Congo, Yangambi) Distribution: Dem. Rep. Congo subg. Cameronodonia Dvořák Zyras (Cameronodonia) Dvořák, 1981: 58 . New name for Thoracodonia Cameron, 1950 Zyras (Thoracodonia) Cameron, 1950a: 127 (preoccupied, not Bernhauer, 1928). Type species: Zyras carinipennis

Cameron, 1950, by monotypy carinipennis Cameron, 1950b: 128 ( Zyras (Thoracodonia), TL : Kuala Lumpur) Distribution: Malaysia (Malay peninsula)

subg. Camonia Bernhauer Zyras (Camonia) Bernhauer, 1928a: 20 , 27. Type species: Myrmedonia speciosa Erichson , by original designation Zyras (Camonia) Bernhauer : Last, 1963: 251 (revision of all known species, key) aethiopicides Hlaváč, Newton & Maruyama new name ( Zyras (Camonia) , new name for Zyras (Camonia)

aethiopicus Pace, 2008) Distribution: Ethiopia

= aethiopicus Pace 2008f: 384 ( Zyras (Camonia), TL : Ethiopia, Gemu Gofa Prov., Arba Minch; preoccupied,

not Zyras (Parophthalmonia) aethiopicus Scheerpeltz, 1974 ) afer Gestro, 1892: 753 ( Myrmedonia, TL : Somalia, Errer-es-Saghir) Distribution: Kenya, Somalia albanicus Last, 1963b: 272 ( Zyras (Camonia), TL : Cape Colony, Albany) Distribution: Rep. South Africa

(Capland), Zimbabwe

= albanicus var. fumosus Last, 1977c: 925 ( Zyras (Camonia), TL : Rhodesia, Marandellas) unavailable name,

infrasubspecific ambiguus Pace, 1999b: 197 ( Zyras (Camonia), TL : Namibia, Bushmanland, Klein Dobe) Distribution: Kenya,

Tanzania, Namibia aridus Last, 1963b: 267 ( Zyras (Camonia), TL : Congo, Elisabethvilla) Distribution: Dem. Rep. Congo, Angola armatus Erichson, 1839: 41 ( Myrmedonia, TL : Africa australi) Distribution: Ethiopia, Tanzania assegaaibosensis Scheerpeltz, 1974a: 345 ( Zyras (Camonia), TL : Cape Prov., Assegaaibos, 30 miles WNW

Humansdorp) Distribution: Rep. South Africa atricapillus Erichson, 1839: 42 ( Myrmedonia, TL : Prom. Bon. Spei) Distribution: Zimbabwe, Tanzania, Dem.

Rep. Congo, Angola, Rep. South Africa (Cape, KwaZulu-Natal, Transvaal)

= conifera Péringuey, 1904: 216 ( Myrmedonia, TL : Southern Rhodesia, Salisbury) synonymy in Last, 1977a:

188

= constritata Péringuey, 1904: 217 ( Myrmedonia, TL : Southern Rhodesia, Salisbury) synonymy in Last,

1963b: 279 (as var. of conifer Péringuey)

= contristatus Fenyes, 1920: 301 ( Zyras (Myrmelia) , emendation of constritatus Péringuey) atripennis Bernhauer, 1943: 301 ( Zyras (Camonia), TL : Elisabethville) Distribution: Dem. Rep. Congo, Ghana batekensis Last, 1969a: 136 ( Zyras (Camonia), TL : Plato Bateke, Mbe) Distribution: Congo-Brazzaville bilobifer Pace, 1988a: 15 ( Zyras (Camonia), TL : Bubaque) Distribution: Guinea Bissau bipunctatus Pace, 1999b: 199 ( Zyras (Camonia) ; TL: Namibia, East Caprivi, Katima Mulilo) Distribution:

Namibia bissorensis Pace, 1988a: 23 ( Porus, TL : Bissorã) Distribution: Guinea Bissau, Rwanda; new combination in Pace,

2004d: 376 bugalensis Bernhauer, 1929c: 184 ( Zyras (Camonia), TL : [no locality in orig. pub.; FMNH ST: Victoria Nyanza,

Arcip. di Sesse, Bugala]) Distribution: Tanzania capella Bernhauer, 1939c: 235 ( Zyras (Camonia), TL : Kasenyi) Distribution: Dem. Rep. Congo, Egypt, Ethiopia,

Ghana, Senegal, Uganda

= militaris Cameron, 1939a: 206 ( Zyras (Camonia), TL : H. Sénégal, Badoumbé) synonymy in Last, 1963b: 293 clericus Last, 1963b: 271 ( Zyras (Camonia), TL : Zanzibar) Distribution: Zanzibar clientis Last, 1981b: 115 ( Zyras (Camonia), TL : Tanzania, Morogoro) Distribution: Tanzania cornutus Bernhauer, 1928a: 31 ( Zyras (Camonia), TL : Belgisch-Kongo, Manyema, Mont Kalambo), Distribution:

Dem. Rep. Congo, Rwanda corpulentus Last, 1977a: 197 ( Zyras (Camonia), TL : Mkatte-Steppe) Distribution: Tanzania? curtithorax Bernhauer, 1936e: 330 ( Zyras (Camonia), TL : Kenya Colony, Kakamega) Distribution: Kenya daressalamensis Bernhauer, 1915c: 167 ( Zyras, TL : Deutsch-Ostafrika, Daressalam) Distribution: Tanzania

= aquaticus Bernhauer, 1928a: 30 ( Zyras (Camonia), TL : Deutsch-Ostafrika, Panganifälle) synonymy in Last,

1963b: 281 deductor Last, 1963b: 268 ( Zyras (Camonia), TL : Congo, Haut-Uele, Moto) Distribution: Dem. Rep. Congo dentatus Bernhauer, 1936e: 331 ( Zyras (Camonia), TL : Kenya Colony, Kakamega) Distribution: Kenya, Congo-

Brazzaville, Uganda, Angola

= dentatus var. obscurocrinis Last, 1967: 92 ( Zyras (Camonia), TL : Dundo, Angola) unavailable name,

infrasubspecific dentispinosus Bernhauer, 1908c: 112 ( Zyras, TL : Deutsch-Ostafrika, Okahandja) Distribution: Namibia

= bicinatus Last, 1977a: 190 ( Zyras (Glossacantha), TL : Okaundua, S. W. Afr.) NOMEN NUDUM, synonymy in Last, 1977a: 188

= okaunduanus Last, 1977a: 190 ( Zyras (Glossacantha), TL : Okaundua, S. W. Afr.) NOMEN NUDUM,

synonymy in Last, 1977a: 188

= pustulipennis Bernhauer, 1930a: 136 ( Zyras (Camonia), TL : S. W. Africa, Okahandja) synonymy in Last,

1977a: 189 depressicollis Bernhauer, 1930a: 135 ( Zyras (Camonia), TL : Belgisch-Kongo, Bambuli) Distribution: Dem. Rep.

Congo derisus Last, 1963b: 264 ( Zyras (Camonia), TL : Nigeria: Ibadan) Distribution: Nigeria, Ghana descarpentriesi Last, 1966: 832 ( Zyras (Camonia), TL : Congo, Odzala) Distribution: Congo-Brazzaville disputandus Last, 1963b: 296 ( Zyras (Camonia), TL : Southern Rhodesia, Salisbury) Distribution: Zimbabwe dominus Last, 1962c: 273 ( Zyras (Camonia), TL : Somalia, Rocca Littorio) Distribution: Somalia dubiosus Bernhauer, 1928a: 28 ( Zyras (Camonia), TL : Deutsch-Ostafrika, Manyema, Mont. Kalambo)

Distribution: Tanzania, Cameroon, Uganda, Congo-Brazzaville, Dem. Rep. Congo, Guinea ebneri Bernhauer, 1923: 178 ( Zyras, TL : Sennar) Distribution: Sudan, Egypt, Guinea, Cameroon, Rep. South

Africa, Dem. Rep. Congo errabundus Last, 1963b: 260 ( Zyras (Camonia), TL : Nigeria, Lagos) Distribution: Nigeria, Ghana, Congo-

Brazzaville, Ivory Coast fundatus Last, 1963b: 273 [= Last, 1960c: 41, NOMEN NUDUM] ( Zyras (Camonia), TL : Congo, Kivu,

Kavimvira (Uvira) Distribution: Dem. Rep. Congo, Tanzania gedyei Bernhauer, 1936b: 330 ( Zyras (Camonia), TL : Kenya Colony, Nairobi) Distribution: Kenya giganteus Last, 1967: 106 ( Zyras (Camonia), TL : Angola, Marco de Canavezes, distr. Benguela) Distribution:

Angola gofensis Pace 2008f: 386 ( Zyras (Camonia), TL : Ethiopia, Gemu Gofa Prov., Arba Minch) Distribution: Ethiopia grandiceps Bernhauer, 1929c: 185 (Blepharonia, TL: Deutsch-Ostafrika, Kilimandjarogebiet, Neu-Moschi)

Distribution: Tanzania hartmannianus Pace 2008f: 383 ( Zyras (Camonia), TL : Südafrika, NE-Prov. Tshipise, Honet Nature Reserve,

Camp LF, 22º36'S 30º10'E, 300m) Distribution: Rep. South Africa hlanensis Pace 2008f: 383 ( Zyras (Camonia), TL : Swaziland, Hlane National Parc, Camp Ndlovu, 26º15.29'S

31º52.58E, 300m) Distribution: Swaziland imperialis Bernhauer, 1915c: 168 ( Zyras (Camonia), TL : Erythraea, Ghinda) Distribution: Eritrea, Somalia,

Djibouti, Sudan, Uganda, Kenya infectus Last, 1963b: 288 ( Zyras (Camonia), TL : Southern Rhodesia, Salisbury) Distribution: Zimbabwe, Kenya infinitus Last, 1963b: 283 ( Zyras (Camonia), TL : Tanganyka, Nachingwea) Distribution: Tanzania, Angola inflatitheca Pace 2008f: 384 ( Zyras (Camonia), TL : Südafrika, Kapprov., Karoo, Graaf-Reinet Camp, 32º14'S

24º32'E, 500m) Distribution: Rep. South Africa interversus Last, 1963b: 276 ( Zyras (Camonia), TL : Congo, Elisabethville) Distribution: Dem. Rep. Congo,

Tanzania, Zimbabwe invictus Pace, 1999b: 199 ( Zyras (Camonia) ; TL: Namibia, East Caprivi, Mudumu NP, Nakatwa) Distribution:

Namibia jessiensis Scheerpeltz, 1974a: 341 ( Zyras (Camonia), TL : S. Rhodesia, 5 miles WNW West Nicholson)

Distribution: Zimbabwe kaszabi Last, 1973a: 150 ( Zyras (Camonia), TL : Ghana, Northern region, Banda-Nkwanta, 150 m) Distribution:

Ghana kenyanus Bernhauer, 1937b: 309 ( Zyras (Camonia), TL : Mt. Kenya) Distribution: Kenya, Congo-Brazzaville,

Dem. Rep. Congo, Tanzania, Ethiopia

= concursus Last, 1969b: 279 ( Zyras , new name for Zyras (Camonia) maculipennis Bernhauer, 1928 )

synonymy in Dvořák, 1981: 58

= maculipennis Bernhauer, 1928a: 27 ( Zyras (Camonia) ; TL: Britisch-Ostafrica, El donyo el Urru;

preoccupied, not Zyras maculipennis Gridelli, 1921 ) kilifensis Pace, 1996b: 228 ( Zyras (Camonia), TL : Kenya, Kilifi Jilore) Distribution: Kenya koroussensis Pace 2008f: 381 ( Zyras (Camonia), TL : Rep. de Guinée, Koroussa, an ausgetrockneter Wasserstelle in Nigerbäbe) Distribution: Guinea laxus Pace, 1999b: 195 ( Zyras (Camonia) ; TL: Namibia, Kavango, Kaudom-Camp) Distribution: Namibia linnavuorii Scheerpeltz, 1974b: 28 ( Zyras (Camonia) ; TL: Sudan, Equatoria, Juba-Nimule) Distribution: Sudan magniceps Bernhauer, 1930a: 134 ( Zyras (Camonia), TL : Kilimandscharo, Dschaggaland, Madschamo)

Distribution: Tanzania

= solitarius Last, 1960c: 46 ( Zyras (Camonia), TL : Tanganyika Terr., Kilimanjaro, N de Marangu, versant S.E.,

2300 m) synonymy in Last, 1977a: 188 medicus Last, 1963b: 297 ( Zyras (Camonia), TL : Abyssinia, Bogos, 1500 m) Distribution: Ethiopia, Tanzania,

Cameroon, Mozambique modestus Pace, 1999b: 199 ( Zyras (Camonia) ; TL: Namibia, Kavango, Mahango Game Reserve) Distribution:

Namibia montisfratris Scheerpeltz, 1974a: 343 ( Zyras (Camonia), TL : Cape Prov., Mount Frère) Distribution: Rep. South

Africa myomboanus Bernhauer, 1928a: 30 ( Zyras (Camonia) ; TL: Deutsch-Ostafrika, Myombo) Distribution: Tanzania namibiensis Pace, 1999b: 197 ( Zyras (Camonia) ; TL: Namibia, East Caprivi, Katima Mulilo) Distribution:

Namibia ngaoensis Pace, 1996b: 228 ( Zyras (Camonia), TL : Kenya, Tana River, Lac Shakababo, près Ngao) Distribution:

Kenya oioensis Pace, 1988a: 13 ( Zyras (Camonia), TL : Bissorã) Distribution: Guinea Bissau opticus Cameron, 1947: 55 ( Zyras (Camonia), TL : Caschei) Distribution: Ethiopia, Congo-Brazzaville, Dem. Rep.

Congo, Ghana, Tanzania, Senegal optivus Last, 1973a: 151 ( Zyras (Camonia), TL : Ghana, Northern region, Banda-Nkwanta, 150 m) Distribution:

Ghana parcus Bernhauer, 1937b: 308 ( Zyras (Trigodonia), TL : Tanganyka Terr., Old Shinyanga, Boma) Distribution:

Tanzania, new combination in Last, 1973: 109 parvicornis Bernhauer, 1928a: 29 ( Zyras (Camonia), TL : Abyssinien) Distribution: Ethiopia positus Last, 1981b: 115 ( Zyras (Camonia), TL : Tanzania, Morogoro) Distribution: Tanzania postorus Last, 1963b: 291 ( Zyras (Camonia), TL : Southern Rhodesia, Salisbury) Distribution: Zimbabwe probabilis Last, 1977b: 81 ( Zyras (Camonia), TL : West-Africa, Nigeria, Samaru) Distribution: Nigeria prosopius Last, 1963b: 277 ( Zyras (Camonia), TL : Congo, Elisabethville) Distribution: Dem. Rep. Congo, Angola puncticollis Péringuey, 1904: 211 ( Myrmedonia, TL : Southern Rhodesia) Distribution: Zimbabwe, Zambia?, Dem.

Rep. Congo

= rhodesiana Cameron, 1919: 85 ( Myrmedonia, TL : Mwengwa) synonymy in Last, 1963b: 283 quinquespinosus Bernhauer, 1915g: 320 ( Zyras, TL : Kongostaat) Distribution: Dem. Rep. Congo, Cameroon,

Ghana, Uganda, Nigeria, Burundi, Namibia rapax Last, 1963b: 266 [= Last, 1960e: 127, NOMEN NUDUM] ( Zyras (Camonia), TL : Congo, Lusinga, 1760 m)

Distribution: Congo-Brazzaville, Dem. Rep. Congo, Cameroon samaruensis Last, 1963b: 292 [= Last, 1960c: 41, NOMEN NUDUM] ( Zyras (Camonia), TL : Nigeria, Samaru)

Distribution: Nigeria, Sudan, Uganda, Guinea, Rep. South Africa schuberti Bernhauer, 1908c: 113 ( Zyras , new name for Myrmedonia fauveli Schubert, 1906 ) Distribution: Kenya,

Burundi, Rwanda, Dem. Rep. Congo, Tanzania

= fauveli Schubert, 1906: 372 ( Myrmedonia, TL : Tanzania, Usambara, Kwai; preoccupied, not Myrmedonia fauveli Sharp, 1883 )

= kabetensis Bernhauer, 1930a: 132 ( Zyras (Camonia), TL : Kenya Colony, Kabete) synonymy in Last, 1963b:

295 schwarzei Last, 1977c: 924 ( Zyras (Camonia), TL : Khuti Steppe) Distribution: Tanzania? scorteccii Last, 1962c: 271 ( Zyras (Camonia), TL : Somalia Sett., Gardo, m 810) Distribution: Somalia seminitens Bernhauer, 1908c: 113 ( Zyras, TL : Deutsch-Südwestafrika, Otjokondu) Distribution: Namibia sericatus Pace, 1999b: 199 ( Zyras (Camonia) ; TL: Namibia, Bushmanland, Klein Dobe) Distribution: Namibia silus Pace, 1999b: 195 ( Zyras (Camonia) ; TL: Namibia, Kavango, Popa Falls) Distribution: Namibia simplex Péringuey, 1904: 209 ( Myrmedonia, TL : Natal, Newcastle) Distribution: Rep. South Africa, Tanzania somaliensis Bernhauer, 1929c: 184 ( Zyras (Camonia), TL : Somaliland, Brava) Distribution: Somalia speciosus Erichson, 1839: 42 ( Myrmedonia, TL : Aegypto) Distribution: Egypt, Ethiopia, Eritrea, Uganda, Kenya

= regalis Bernhauer, 1915c: 168 ( Zyras, TL : Abessinien, Dire Daoua) synonymy in Last, 1963b: 294 subdensipennis Bernhauer, 1928a: 32 ( Zyras (Camonia), TL : Belgisch-Kongo, Luebo) Distribution: Dem. Rep.

Congo, Angola, Tanzania

= aluticollis Bernhauer, 1943: 300 ( Zyras (Camonia), TL : Elisabethville) synonymy in Last 1963b: 269

= subdepressipennis; Bernhauer, 1928a: 34 ( Zyras (Camonia) , misspelling of subdensipennis ) subglabripennis Bernhauer, 1943: 302 ( Zyras (Camonia), TL : Elisabethville) Distribution: Dem. Rep. Congo,

Tanzania subobscurus Last, 1972: 236 ( Zyras (Camonia), TL : Lamto, Toumodi, Côte-d’Ivoire) Distribution: Ivory Coast,

Ghana, Tanzania taeniatus Last, 1963b: 261 ( Zyras (Camonia), TL : Nigeria, Ibadan) Distribution: Nigeria, Tanzania tsavicola Pace 2008f: 380 ( Zyras (Camonia), TL : Ostafrika, Kenya, Tsavo National Park Ost, Voi Lodge u.

Umgeb., 500-600m) Distribution: Kenya uheheanus Bernhauer, 1928a: 32 ( Zyras (Camonia), TL : Deutsh-Ostafrika, Mittel-Uhehe) Distribution: Tanzania,

Congo-Brazzaville, Ghana, Nigeria, Uganda, Rep. South Africa: Transvaal uhligi Pace, 1999b: 195 ( Zyras (Camonia) ; TL: Namibia, Bushmanland, Klein Dobe) Distribution: Namibia uluguruensis Bernhauer, 1928a: 29 ( Zyras (Camonia), TL : Deutsh-Ostafrika, N. W. Uluguru) Distribution:

Tanzania, Kenya, Namibia uncinatus Péringuey, 1904: 209 ( Myrmedonia, TL : RSA, Cape Colony, Knysna) Distribution: Rep. South Africa,

new combination in Last, 1980b: 170 vosseleri Last, 1977a: 196 ( Zyras (Camonia), TL : D. Ost-Africa, Ngomeni) Distribution: Tanzania; Note: orig.

spelled vossleri (p.196) & vosseleri (p.189), latter correct (first revisor Last 1981b:113) willersi Pace, 2001d: 204 ( Zyras (Camonia), TL : Tanzania, ca. 25 km S Babati) Distribution: Tanzania subg. Cephalodonia Bernhauer Zyras (Cephalodonia) Bernhauer, 1928a: 20 , 25. Type species: Zyras bicoloriceps Bernhauer , by original designation bicoloriceps Bernhauer, 1928a: 25 ( Zyras (Cephalodonia), TL : Belgisch-Kongo, Watsa à Niangara) Distribution:

Cameroon, Dem. Rep. Congo

= sparsicauda Bernhauer, 1930a: 132 ( Zyras (Cephalodonia), TL : Belgisch-Kongo, Congo da Lemba)

synonymy in Last, 1977c: 926 prudens Pace, 1988a: 25 (Cephalodonia, TL: Bissorã) Distribution: Guinea Bissau steeli Last, 1977c: 926 ( Zyras (Cephalodonia), TL : Uganda, Mulange) Distribution: Uganda subg. Colpodonia Bernhauer

Zyras (Colpodonia) Bernhauer, 1929c: 196 . Type species: Zyras densithorax Bernhauer , by monotypy densithorax Bernhauer, 1929c: 196 ( Zyras (Colpodonia), TL : Portuggiesisch Guinea, Bolama) Distribution: Guinea Bissau subg. Craspa Blackwelder

Zyras (Craspa) Blackwelder, 1952: 110 . New name for Craspedonia Bernhauer, 1928

Zyras (Craspedonia) Bernhauer, 1928a: 20 (preoccupied, not Westwood, 1841). Type species: Zyras antilope Bernhauer , by original designation antilope Bernhauer, 1908c: 111 ( Zyras, TL : Deutsch-Ostafrika, Dar es Salam) Distribution: Tanzania balantis Pace, 1988a: 17 ( Zyras (Craspedonia), TL : Bissorã) Distribution: Guinea Bissau eburneaeorae Pace, 2010b: 167 ( Zyras (Craspedonia), TL : Afrique, C te d’Ivoire, Adiopodoumé Ieos) Distribution: Ivory Coast subg. Crateodonia Bernhauer Zyras (Crateodonia) Bernhauer, 1928a: 22 , 68. Type species: Zyras schoutedeni Bernhauer , by original designation schoutedeni Bernhauer, 1928a: 68 ( Zyras (Crateodonia), TL : Belgisch-Kongo, Stanleyville a Kilo) Distribution:

Dem. Rep. Congo serraticornis Kraatz, 1857b: 48 ( Myrmedonia, TL : Ceylon) Distribution: Sri Lanka

= serricornis Walker, 1859: 52 ( Dinarda, TL : Ceylon) synonymy in Bernhauer & Scheerpeltz, 1926: 704 sulcithorax Bernhauer, 1940a: 139 ( Zyras (Crateodonia), TL : Uganda, Ruwenzori, Nyamgasani valley, 6400 ft)

Distribution: Uganda vietnamicus Dvořák, 1996: 10 ( Zyras (Crateodonia), TL : Vietnam, Taj Nguen [= Thái Nguyên], Bud Lioj, 65 km

N Ankche) Distribution: Vietnam subg. Ctenodonia Wasmann Ctenodonia Wasmann, 1894a: 208 . Type species: Ctenodonia inclyta Wasmann , by monotypy Ctenodonia Wasmann : Bernhauer, 1928a: 65 (redescription, key) Zyras (Clenodonia) Wasmann : Bernhauer, 1928a: 22 [error] Ctenodia Wasmann: Last, 1977a: 193 [misspelling] abessinus Bernhauer, 1915c: 166 ( Zyras, TL : Abessinien, Dire-Daoua, Harrar) Distribution: Ethiopia, Dem. Rep.

Congo balans Pace, 1988a: 15 ( Zyras (Ctenodonia), TL : Bissorã) Distribution: Guinea Bissau guineensis Bernhauer, 1929c: 204 ( Zyras (Ctenodonia), TL : Portugisisch Guinea, Bolama) Distribution: Guinea

Bissau impressipennis Scheerpeltz, 1974a: 340 ( Zyras (Ctenodonia), TL : Transvaal, Kruger National Park, Skukuza)

Distribution: Rep. South Africa inclytus Wasmann, 1894a: 208 ( Ctenodonia, TL : Rhobomp, Sierra Leone; HT: Macrotermes bellicosus

Smeathman) Distribution: Burundi, Ghana, Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Togo, Uganda, Congo, Rwanda jeanneli Bernhauer, 1929c: 202 ( Zyras (Ctenodonia), TL : Britisch-Ostafrika, Ile de Mombasa) Distribution:

Kenya lacustris Bernhauer, 1929c: 205 ( Zyras (Ctenodonia), TL : Victoria Nyanza, Arcip. Di Sesse, Bugala) Distribution:

Tanzania latior Bernhauer, 1937b: 312 ( Zyras (Ctenodonia), TL : Kenya, Kisumu) Distribution: Kenya luorum Pace, 1996b: 238 ( Zyras (Ctenodonia), TL : Kenya, Mt. Elgon, 2400 m, For. Res.) Distribution: Kenya magnificus Bernhauer, 1912d: 482 ( Zyras (Ctenodonia), TL : Deutsch-Ostafrika, Kilimandscharo-Gebiet)

Distribution: Tanzania malindicus Pace, 1991d: 311 ( Zyras (Ctenodonia), TL : Kenya, 20 km S di Malindi) Distribution: Kenya monstrosiventris Bernhauer, 1929c: 203 ( Zyras (Ctenodonia), TL : Victoria Nyanza, Arcip. Di Sesse, Bugala)

Distribution: Tanzania natalensis Scheerpeltz, 1974a: 337 ( Zyras (Ctenodonia), TL : Natal, Royal Natal National Park, The Hostel)

Distribution: Rep. South Africa nectarinicola Pace, 2004d: 379 ( Zyras (Ctenodonia), TL : Rwanda, Butare; nest of Nectarinia kilimensis )

Distribution: Rwanda palliolatus Pace, 1988a: 17 ( Zyras (Ctenodonia), TL : Bissorã) Distribution: Guinea Bissau perreti Pace, 1996b: 238 ( Zyras (Ctenodonia), TL : Kenya, Mt. Aberdares, près de Nt. Park, 2300 m) Distribution:

Kenya ruandae Bernhauer, 1912d: 483 ( Zyras (Ctenodonia), TL : SW Ruanda, Rugege-Wald, 1800m) Distribution:

Rwanda

= levatis Last, 1956a: 214 ( Zyras (Androdonia), TL : Ruanda, Rutovu, mountain forest of Rugege on the

Astrida-Bukavu route) synonymy in Last, 1977a: 194 rugosissimus Cameron, 1925a: 45 ( Myrmedonia (Ctenodonia), TL : The Gap, Selangor, Federated Malay States)

Distribution: Malaysia, Indonesia (Sumatra) silvestrii Bernhauer, 1909: 248 ( Zyras, TL : Paraguay, Paraguari) Distribution: Paraguay sulcatus Bernhauer, 1928a: 67 ( Zyras (Ctenodonia), TL : Abyssinien) Distribution: Ethiopia torpidus Last, 1969b: 279 ( Zyras , new name for Zyras (Ctenodonia) ruandae Bernhauer, 1934 ) Distribution:

Rwanda

= ruandae Bernhauer, 1934a: 247 ( Zyras (Ctenodonia), TL : Ruanda, Gabiru; preoccupied, not Zyras

(Ctenodonia) ruandae Bernhauer, 1912 ) transvaalensis Scheerpeltz, 1974a: 339 ( Zyras (Ctenodonia), TL : Transvaal, Kruger National Park, Skukuza)

Distribution: Rep. South Africa tshipisensis Pace 2008f: 378 ( Zyras (Ctenodonia), TL : Südafrika, NE-Prov. Tshipise, Honet Nature Reserve,

Camp LF, 22º36'S 30º10'E, 300m) Distribution: Rep. South Africa ujuiensis Bernhauer, 1928a: 65 ( Zyras (Ctenodonia), TL : Deutsch-Ostafrika, Ujui) Distribution: Tanzania uncifer Pace, 1999b: 203 ( Zyras (Ctenodonia), TL : Namibia, Bushmanland, Klein Dobe) Distribution: Namibia ussuriensis Bernhauer, 1928a: 67 ( Zyras (Ctenodonia), TL : Tanzania, Ussure) Distribution: Dem. Rep. Congo,

Tanzania, Mozambique wasmannianus Bernhauer, 1928a: 66 ( Zyras (Ctenodonia), TL : Erythraea, Ghinda) Distribution: Eritrea, Tanzania yeboensis Bernhauer, 1930a: 148 ( Zyras (Ctenodonia), TL : Belgisch-Kongo, Haut-Uele, Yebo) Distribution: Dem.

Rep. Congo subg. Dentothalmonia Last Zyras (Dentothalmonia) Last, 1956a: 209 . Type species: Zyras probatus Last , by original designation clementis Last, 1960e: 128 ( Zyras (Dentothalmonia), TL : Congo Belge: Muye, tête source, 1630m) Distribution:

Dem. Rep. Congo fiziensis Last, 1977c: 938 [= Last, 1967: 93, NOMEN NUDUM] ( Zyras (Dentothalmonia), TL : Zaïre, Kivu, terr.

Fizi, Bas-Itombwe, 1000 m) Distribution: Dem. Rep. Congo, Angola fraudulentus Last, 1960c: 48 ( Zyras (Dentothalmonia) ; TL: Tanganyika Terr., Kilimanjaro, versant Sud, 4200-

4600 m) Distribution: Tanzania jugis Last, 1977c: 939 ( Zyras (Dentothalmonia), TL : Rhodesia, Marandellas) Distribution: Zimbabwe lectus Last, 1960c: 49 ( Zyras (Dentothalmonia) ; TL: Tanganyka Terr., Mt. Meru, Olkokola, versant N.O., 2500 m)

Distribution: Tanzania ocellus Last, 1956a: 210 ( Zyras (Dentothalmonia) ; TL: Ruanda, Tshuruyaga, in the forest of Rugege, 15 km West of Rutovu, 2400 m) Distribution: Rwanda probatus probatus Last, 1956a: 209 ( Zyras (Dentothalmonia) ; TL: Rwanda, Kayove, 2000m, on the Rubengera-

Kysenyi route) Distribution: Rwanda, Burundi, Dem. Rep. Congo probatus tranquillus Last, 1960c: 50 ( Zyras (Dentothalmonia) , as var.; TL: Uganda, Bugiri) Distribution: Kenya,

Uganda, Tanzania subg. Diaulaconia Bernhauer Zyras (Diaulaconia) Bernhauer, 1928a: 73 . Type species: Zyras biseriatus Bernhauer , designated by Blackwelder,

1952: 123. Zyras (Diaulaconia) Bernhauer : Pace, 2003 (key to oriental species of the group compressicornis ) arcuatissimus Pace, 2005b: 149 ( Zyras (Diaulaconia), TL : NE India, Meghalaya, East Khasi Hills, Umran, 33 km

N Shillong) Distribution: India (Meghalaya) bajauanus Pace, 2008a: 144 ( Zyras (Diaulaconia), TL : N. Borneo, Sabah, Ranau) Distribution: Malaysia (Borneo:

Sabah) biseriatus Bernhauer, 1915f: 126 ( Zyras, TL : Luzon, Laguna, Mount Maquiling) Distribution: Luzon carinilabiatus Pace, 2009a: 154 ( Zyras (Diaulaconia), TL : Bolivien, Prov. Sara) Distribution: Bolivia compressicornis Fauvel, 1905: 143 ( Zyras, TL : Chine meridionale: Hong-Kong ; Bornéo: Tameang-Lajang;

Sumatra: Deli; Java: Batavia, Buitenzorg, Malang & Mt. Smerou) Distribution: China ( Hong Kong), Taiwan,

Indonesia (Java, Bali, Borneo, Sumatra) diversiventris Bernhauer, 1915b: 242 ( Zyras, TL : Java, Semerang) Distribution: Indonesia (Java) falsus Hlaváč, 2005b: 152 ( Zyras (Diaulaconia) ; TL: Kong Kong, Fung Yuen) Distribution: Hong Kong

= orientalis Bernhauer : Pace, 1998: 980 [missidentification] grootaerti Pace, 2004a: 289 ( Zyras (Diaulaconia), TL : Thailand, Loei, Na Haeo) Distribution: Thailand ibanorum Pace, 1993b: 168 ( Zyras (Diaulaconia), TL : Borneo, Tameang Lajang) Distribution: Malaysia (Borneo) lacunarumbeneolentium Pace, 1993b: 168 ( Zyras (Diaulaconia), TL : Hong-Kong) Distribution: China ( Hong

Kong) langsonensis Pace, 2001e: 143 ( Zyras (Diaulaconia), TL : Entre Lang-Son) Distribution: Vietnam (Hanoi) malaysianus Pace, 2003: 69 ( Zyras (Diaulaconia), TL : Malaysia, Pahang, Genting Sempah, 600 m) Distribution:

Malaysia matunuensis Pace, 1993b: 166 ( Zyras (Diaulaconia), TL : S Celebes, Rante Pao) Distribution: Indonesia

(Sulawesi) minangkabauorum Pace, 1993b: 168 ( Zyras (Diaulaconia), TL : Sumatra, Dali) Distribution: Indonesia (Sumatra) orientalis Bernhauer, 1929a: 3 ( Zyras (subg. Diaulaconia), TL: China, Hong Kong) Distribution: China

= kadoorianus Pace, 1998: 973 ( Zyras (Diaulaconia), TL : Hong Kong N. T., Kadoorie Agricultural Research

Centre) synonymy in Hlaváč, 2005b: 151 paracompressicornis Pace, 2010d: 322 ( Zyras (Diaulaconia), TL : Sumatra, Benculen) Distribution: Indonesia

(Sumatra) poseidon Bernhauer, 1939b: 149 ( Zyras (Diaulaconia), TL : Nordwestl. China, Chinkiang) Distribution: China,

(Jiangsu) roepkei Bernhauer, 1914b: 108 ( Zyras, TL : Java, Telaga Patengan) Distribution: Indonesia (Java), Taiwan siamensis Cameron, 1946: 693 ( Zyras (Dianlaconia [error]), TL: Siam, Nan) Distribution: Thailand spissatheca Pace, 2004a: 291 ( Zyras (Diaulaconia), TL : Thailand, Loei, Na Haeo, Station 20023) Distribution:

Thailand subcompressicornis Pace, 2004a: 289 ( Zyras (Diaulaconia), TL : Thailand, Loei, Na Haeo) Distribution: Thailand tolminus Pace, 1993b: 168 ( Zyras (Diaulaconia), TL : S Celebes, Rante Pao) Distribution: Indonesia (Sulawesi)

subg. Euryalonia Bernhauer Zyras (Euryalonia) Bernhauer, 1928a: 20 , 35. Type species: Zyras capensis Bernhauer et Scheerpeltz , by original designation braunsi Bernhauer, 1928a: 35 ( Zyras (Euryalonia), TL : Kapland, Willowmore) Distribution: Rep. South Africa

(Cape) capensis Bernhauer & Scheerpeltz, 1926: 696 ( Zyras , new name for Myrmedonia gracilicornis Péringuey, 1904 )

Distribution: Rep. South Africa (Cape)

= gracilicornis Péringuey, 1904: 218 ( Myrmedonia, TL : Cape Colony, Dunbrody; preoccupied, not

Myrmedonia gracilicornis Bernhauer, 1902 ) peranomalus Pace, 1996b: 231 ( Zyras (Euryalonia), TL : Kenya, Mt. Aberdares, près Nat. Park, 2300 m)

Distribution: Kenya subg. Eurydonia Bernhauer Zyras (Eurydonia) Bernhauer, 1928a: 20 . Type species: Zyras usambarae Bernhauer , by original designation codex Last, 1977c: 916 ( Zyras (Eurydonia), TL : Zaïre, Kivu, Kamitunga, 1100 m) Distribution: Dem. Rep. Congo kabashanus Cameron, 1950b: 72 ( Zyras (Eurydonia), TL : Kanyabayongo, Kabasha) Distribution: Burundi, Dem.

Rep. Congo, Rwanda kabushanus Cameron: Last, 1956a: 201 (misspelling) ruvubuensis Pace 2008f: 375 ( Zyras (Eurydonia), TL : Burundi-NE Ruvubu-Parc) Distribution: Burundi sanctus Last, 1977c: 917 ( Zyras (Eurydonia), TL : Zaïre, terr. des Cataractes, Kavuya) Distribution: Dem. Rep.

Congo separatus Cameron, 1952b: 450 ( Zyras (Eurydonia), TL : Kenya Colony, Emali Range, Sultan Hamud, 4900-5900

ft) Distribution: Kenya, Tanzania transversicollis Scheerpeltz, 1974c: 366 ( Zyras (Trigonodonia), TL : Cape prov., Assegaaibos, 30 miles WNW

Humansdorp) Distribution: Rep. South Africa (Cape) usambarae Bernhauer, 1915c: 175 ( Zyras, TL : Deutsh-Ostafrika, West-Usambara) Distribution: Tanzania, Kenya,

Rwanda, Rep. South Africa

= aequicollis Bernhauer, 1936e: 332 ( Zyras (Eurydonia), TL : Kenya Colony, Osiri, N. Kavirondo) synonymy in Last, 1980b: 170

= atricapilla Boheman, 1848: 268 ( Homalota, TL : in montibus Makkaliensibus; preoccupied, not Myrmedonia atricapilla Erichson, 1839 ) synonymy in Bernhauer & Scheerpeltz, 1926: 695

= bohemani Bernhauer & Scheerpeltz, 1926: 695 ( Zyras , new name for Homalota atricapilla Boheman, 1848 )

synonymy in Last, 1980b: 169

= naivashanus Bernhauer, 1937b: 307 ( Zyras (Eurydonia), TL : Kenya, Naivasha) synonymy in Last, 1980b:

170 subg. Euryncephalodonia Scheerpeltz Zyras (Euryncephalodonia) Scheerpeltz, 1974a: 346 . Type species: Zyras flavomaculatus Scheerpeltz , by original designation flavomaculatus Scheerpeltz, 1974a: 346 ( Zyras (Euryncephalodonia), TL : S. Rhodesia, Jessie, 5 miles WNW

Nicholson) Distribution: Zimbabwe subg. Euryndonia Bernhauer Zyras (Euryndonia) Bernhauer, 1928a: 68 . Type species: Zyras peringueyi Bernhauer & Scheerpeltz , by original designation peringueyi Bernhauer & Scheerpeltz, 1926: 702 ( Zyras , new name for Myrmedonia termitobia Péringuey, 1904 )

Distribution: Zimbabwe

= termitobius Péringuey, 1904: 206 ( Myrmedonia, TL : Southern Rhodesia, Umtali; preoccupied, not

Myrmedonia termitobia Wasmann, 1896 )

subg. Fealina Bernhauer

Zyras (Fealina) Bernhauer, 1929c: 200 . Type species: Zyras insularis Bernhauer , by monotypy carnifex Last, 1961: 118 ( Zyras (Fealina), TL : Kenya, Kakamega Forest) Distribution: Kenya insularis Bernhauer, 1929c: 200 ( Zyras (Fealina), TL : Fernando Poo, Basile) Distribution: Equatorial Guinea ( Fernando Poo), Guinea, Ghana pondus Last, 1960d: 16 ( Zyras (Fealina), TL : Cameroun) Distribution: Cameroon problematis Last, 1977b: 82 ( Zyras (Fealina), TL : Ghana, Volta region) Distribution: Ghana subg. Glossacantha Gemminger & Harold Glossacantha Gemminger & Harold, 1868: 519. New name for Acanthoglossa Motschulsky, 1859 Acanthoglossa Motschulsky, 1859: 89 (preoccupied, not Kraatz, 1859). Type species: Acanthoglossa badia

Motschulsky, designated by Fenyes, 1918: 20 Zyras (Glossacantha) Gemminger et Harold : Cameron, 1939f: 518 (key to species of India, Myanmar and Sri

Lanka aequatoriensis Scheerpeltz, 1974b: 30 ( Zyras (Glossacantha), TL : Sudan, Equatoria, Tambura-Wau) Distribution:

Sudan affinis Kraatz, 1859a: 23 ( Acanthoglossa, TL : insula Ceylan) Distribution: Sri Lanka, resurrected from synonymy

= badia Motschulsky, 1860: 89 ( Acanthoglossa, TL : montagnes Noura-Ellia, Ceylan) new synonymy armifrons Eppelsheim, 1890: 274 ( Myrmedonia, TL : in planitie alta prope Nagpore Indiae centralis) Distribution:

India (Uttar Pradesh), Oriental region beckeri Scheerpeltz, 1963b: 136 ( Zyras (Glossacantha), TL : Bengalore; HA: Odontotermes escherichi )

Distribution: southern India bicarinulatus Pace, 2001b: 43 ( Zyras (Glossacantha) TL : Sud India, Tamil Nadu, Tiruchchirappalli distr., fra

Perambalur e Turaiyur) Distribution: India (Tamil Nadu) bicoloratus Scheerpeltz, 1974a: 355 ( Zyras (Glossacantha), TL : S. Rhodesia, Victoria Falls) Distribution:

Zimbabwe borneorum Pace, 1987b: 214 ( Zyras (Glossacantha), TL : Sabah, Pangi) Distribution: Malaysia (Borneo: Sabah) bovinus Bernhauer, 1939b: 146 ( Zyras (Glossacantha), TL : Nordwestl. China, Chinkiang) Distribution: China

(Jiangsu) burtti Bernhauer, 1937b: 310 ( Zyras (Glossacantha), TL : Tanganyika Terr., Old Shinyanga, Boma) Distribution:

Tanzania cephalicus Cameron, 1952b: 452 ( Zyras (Glossacantha), TL : Abyssina, Dire Dana) Distribution: Ethiopia ceylonicus Cameron, 1939f: 544 ( Zyras (Pella) ; TL: Ceylon, Kandy) Distribution: Sri Lanka, new combination in

Maruyama, 2006a: 185 charianus Cameron, 1948a: 242 ( Zyras (Glossacantha), TL : Moyen Chari, Fort Archambault) Distribution: Chad,

Senegal conradti Last, 1977a: 196 ( Zyras (Glossacantha), TL : D. Ost-Africa, Nikokwe b. Pangani am Meere) Distribution:

Tanzania cylindricus Bernhauer, 1930a: 137 ( Zyras (Glossacantha), TL : S. W. Africa, Okahandja) Distribution: Namibia,

Lesotho deceptivus Cameron, 1944: 108 ( Zyras (Glossacantha), TL : Dehra Dun) Distribution: India (Uttar Pradesh) differens debilitates Cameron, 1952b: 453 ( Zyras (Glossacantha), TL : Kenya Colony, Emali Range, Sultan

Hamud) Distribution: Kenya differens differens Cameron, 1952b: 453 ( Zyras (Glossacantha), TL : Somalia, Arfa Mudugh Province, 1500 feet)

Distribution: Somalia dispar Boheman, 1848: 265 ( Myrmedonia, TL : Portum Natalense & Boschjesmanns Rand) Distribution: Rep.

South Africa (Cape, KwaZulu-Natal), Lesotho, Botswana, Mozambique (Delagoa Bay), Zaire, Tanzania, new combination in Last, 1980b: 170

= procax Péringuey, 1904: 210 ( Myrmedonia, TL : Malvern, Cape Colony) synonymy in Last, 1980b: 170 electus Last, 1962a: 97 ( Zyras (Glossacantha), TL : Congo, Garamba National Park) Distribution: Congo-

Brazzaville, Dem. Rep. Congo excisus Kraatz, 1857b: 50 ( Myrmedonia ; TL: Negambo) Distribution: Sri Lanka exspectatus Pace, 1987b: 216 ( Zyras (Glossacantha), TL : Sabah, Pangi) Distribution: Malaysia (Borneo: Sabah) fabulosoides Scheerpeltz, 1974b: 29 ( Zyras (Glossacantha), TL : Sudan, Equatoria, Juba-Nimule) Distribution:

Sudan fabulosus Bernhauer, 1915c: 165 ( Zyras, TL : Abessinien, Harrar) Distribution: Ethiopia, Somalia, Eritrea fasciatus Cameron, 1939f: 522 ( Zyras (Glosacantha), TL : Burma, Ruby Mines) Distribution: Myanmar forticornis Fauvel, 1904a: 64 ( Zyras, TL : Nilghiris) Distribution: India fortis Last, 1960f: 31 ( Zyras (Glossacantha), TL : Angola, Dundo) Distribution: Angola fraternus Cameron, 1939f: 522 ( Zyras (Glosacantha), TL : Kumaun, Haldwani) Distribution: India (Uttar

Pradesh), Pakistan gaerdesiansus Scheerpeltz, 1966: 71 ( Zyras (Glossacantha), TL : Okahandja) Distribution: Namibia glabellus Bernhauer, 1929c: 187 ( Zyras (Glossacantha), TL : Französisch Guinea, Mamou) Distribution: Guinea hargreavesi Bernhauer, 1930a: 128 ( Zyras (Trigonodonia), TL : Sierra Leone, Newton) Distribution: Sierra Leone,

Ghana, Uganda heimi Wasmann, 1899b: 150 ( Myrmedonia (Glossacantha) ; TL: Sangamner and Wallon, HT: Odontotermes obesus ) Distribution: western India heinrichi Last, 1968b: 2 ( Zyras (Glossacantha), TL : Tanzania, Dar-es-Salaam) Distribution: Tanzania hildebrandti Harold, 1878: 211 ( Zyras, TL : Taita, Sansibar) Distribution: Zanzibar, Tanzania, Dem. Rep. Congo

= bredoi Bernhauer, 1939c: 232 ( Zyras (Glossacantha) ; TL: Kesenyi) synonymy in Last, 1977a: 191

= miriventris Bernhauer, 1912d: 484 Zyras, TL : Deutsch-Ostafrika, Daressalam) synonymy in Last, 1963b: 252 hoplonotus Kraatz, 1857b: 49 ( Myrmedonia, TL : Colombo) Distribution: Sri Lanka hospes Smetana, 1965: 1 ( Zyras (Glossacantha), TL : Süd-China, Sing-lung, Chaj-nan; HT: Macrotermes barneyi )

Distribution: China (Hainan) humerosus Motschulskyi, 1860: 90 ( Acanthoglossa, TL : montagnes Noura-Ellia, Ceylan) Distribution: Sri Lanka insperatus Last, 1960d: 14 ( Zyras (Glossacantha), TL : Hamman’s Kraal, Transvaal) Distribution: Rep. South

Africa (Transvaal) inversus Pace, 2001b: 45 ( Zyras (Glossacantha), TL : Sud India, Tamil Nadu, Dindigulanna distr., dintorni di

Vattalkundu) Distribution: India (Tamil Nadu) jackson Cameron, 1952b: 451 ( Zyras (Glossacantha), TL : Somalia, Afgoi) Distribution: Somalia jokoensis Bernhauer, 1929c: 186 ( Zyras (Glossacantha), TL : Kamerun, Ioko) Distribution: Cameroon kasenyiensis Bernhauer, 1939c: 233 ( Zyras (Glossacantha), TL : Kasenyi) Distribution: Dem. Rep. Congo kordofanensis Scheerpeltz, 1974b: 32 ( Zyras (Glossacantha), TL : Sudan, Kordofan, El Obeid) Distribution: Sudan kumaonensis Cameron, 1939f: 530 ( Zyras (Glossacantha), TL : Kumaun, Hadwani; HT: Termes obesus )

Distribution: India (Uttar Pradesh) laidlawi Cameron, 1939f: 526 Zyras (Glossacantha), TL : Ranchi, Nankum) Distribution: India lefiniensis Last, 1969a: 135 ( Zyras (Glossacantha), TL : Lefinie reservation) Distribution: Congo-Brazzaville lgockii Bernhauer, 1916a: 27 ( Zyras, TL : Algier, Sidi del Abbes) Distribution: Algeria; new subgenus assignment longefurcatus Pace, 2008a: 148 ( Zyras (Glossacantha), TL : Borneo, Sabah, Mt. Kinabalu Nat. Pk., HQ Silau-Silau

Tr., 1540m) Distribution: Malaysia (Borneo: Sabah) luculentus Cameron, 1952b: 453 ( Zyras (Glossacantha), TL : Kenya Colony, Gilgil) Distribution: Angola,

Cameroon, Ghana, Kenya, Nigeria, Rwanda, Senegal, Zaire lusoensis Last, 1967: 104 ( Zyras (Glossacantha), TL : Angola, Cameia) Distribution: Angola macrothorax Bernhauer, 1929a: 2 ( Zyras (Glossacantha), TL : Ostküste von China, Da-laen-saen bei Ningpo)

Distribution: China madabongarum Pace, 1993b: 166 ( Zyras (Glossacantha), TL : S Celebes, Rante Pao) Distribution: Indonesia

(Sulawesi) malabarensis Cameron, 1939f: 529 ( Zyras (Glossacantha), TL : Malabar) Distribution: India manyemae Bernhauer, 1928a: 39 ( Zyras (Glossacantha) ; TL: Belgisch-Kongo, Manyema, Kasa-Niemba)

Distribution: Dem. Rep. Congo meneghetti Cameron, 1952b: 451 ( Zyras (Glossacantha), TL : Abyssinia, Dire Dana) Distribution: Ethiopia methnerianus Bernhauer, 1928a: 36 ( Zyras (Glossacantha), TL : Deutsh-Ostafrika, Daressalam) Distribution:

Tanzania microdon Fauvel, 1907: 66 ( Zyras, TL : Voï; mont Nyro) Distribution: Kenya, Tanzania, Ghana, Cameroon obscurus Fabricius, 1801: 595 ( Staphylinus, TL : India orientali; preoccupied, not Staphylinus obscurus Herbst

1784, Staphylinus obscurus Paykull 1800 , but not congeneric after 1899 ( ICZN 1999: Art. 23.9.5); HT:

Odontotermes obesus Rambur ) Distribution: India (Tamil Nadu, Kerala), Sri Lanka

= hauseri Eppelsheim, 1890: 275 ( Myrmedonia, TL : prope Nagpore in India centrali) synonymy in Fauvel,

1903a: 163

= semirufa Bernhauer, 1902b: 18 ( Myrmedonia, TL : Trincomalee) synonymy in Bernhauer & Scheerpeltz,

1926: 702

= tricuspidata Kraatz, 1857b: 49 ( Myrmedonia, TL : Colombo) synonymy in Fauvel, 1903a: 163

= tridens Wasmann, 1899b: 149 ( Zyras (Glossacantha) ; TL: Sangamner, Ahmednagar-Distr., India, HT:

Termes obesus ) synonymy in Bernhauer & Scheerpeltz, 1926: 702 ohausi Wendeler, 1956: 272 ( Zyras, TL : Brasilien, São Paulo, Alto da Serra, Biologische Station) Distribution:

Brazil okahandjae Bernhauer, 1930a: 140 ( Zyras (Glossacantha), TL : S. W. Africa, Okahandja) Distribution: Namibia parvispinosus Scheerpeltz, 1974a: 351 ( Zyras (Glossacantha), TL : Transvaal, Kruger National Park, Skukuza)

Distribution: Rep. South Africa peraffinis Cameron, 1939f: 529 ( Zyras (Glossacantha), TL : Dehra Dun) Distribution: India (Uttar Pradesh),

Pakistan, Nepal perdecoratus Pace, 2004a: 294 ( Zyras (Glossacantha), TL : Thailand, Loei, Na Haeo) Distribution: Thailand phaenomenalis Bernhauer, 1915c: 165 ( Zyras, TL : Deutsch-Ostafrika, Ujui) Distribution: Dem. Rep. Congo,

Tanzania pluvialis Last, 1960f: 32 ( Zyras (Glossacantha), TL : Angola, Dundo) Distribution: Angola, Dem. Rep. Congo,

Tanzania pokarzhevskii Dvořák, 1996: 7 ( Zyras (Glossacantha), TL : Vietnam, Taj Nguen [= Thái Nguyên], Bud Lioj, 65 km

N Ankche) Distribution: Vietnam praevalidus Last, 1967: 104 ( Zyras (Glossacantha), TL : Angola, Marco de Canavezes, distr. Benguela)

Distribution: Angola pseudolus Last, 1967: 105 ( Zyras (Glossacantha), TL : Angola, Alto Chicapa, riv. Gungo) Distribution: Angola quadripunctatus Scheerpeltz, 1965: 343 ( Zyras (Glossacantha), TL : S. Shan-States, Pekkong, 900 m)

Distribution: Myanmar reelsi Pace, 1998: 973 ( Zyras (Pella) ; TL: Hong Kong, Shek Kwu Chao) Distribution: China ( Hongkong), new combination in Maruyama, 2006a: 187 refutatus Last, 1969: 279 ( Zyras , new name for Zyras opticus Wendeler, 1956 ) Distribution: Brazil

= opticus Wendeler, 1956: 272 ( Zyras, TL : Brasilien, Espirito Santo, Sta. Theresa; preoccupied, not Zyras

(Camonia) opticus Cameron, 1947 ) reversus Cameron, 1939f: 530 ( Zyras (Glossacantha) ; TL: Dehra Dun) Distribution: India (Uttar Pradesh) rubricollis Kraatz, 1857b: 51 ( Myrmedonia, TL : Negambo) Distribution: Sri Lanka ruindiensis Bernhauer, 1939c: 231 ( Zyras (Trigonodonia), TL : Ruindi) Distribution: Dem. Rep. Congo satelles Erichson, 1843: 220 ( Myrmedonia, TL : Angola) Distribution: Angola, Tanzania; Last, 1980b: 171 -

redescription schoutedenianus Bernhauer, 1943: 298 ( Zyras (Trigodonia), TL : Elisabethville) Distribution: Dem. Rep. Congo,

new combination in Last, 1973: 109 schultzei Bernhauer, 1908c: 112 ( Zyras, TL : Deutsch-Südwestafrika, Otjosonda & Betschuanaland,

Kalahari(Khakhea-Kang) Distribution: Botswana, Namibia sculptiventris Bernhauer, 1928a: 38 ( Zyras (Glossacantha) ; TL: Deutsch-Ostafrika, Daressalam) Distribution:

Tanzania seminiger Cameron, 1919: 86 ( Myrmedonia, TL : Zimbabwe) Distribution: Zimbabwe, new combination in Last,

1980b: 170 semisericeus Cameron, 1939d: 21 ( Zyras (Glossacantha), TL : G. Tangkoeban Prahoe, 4000-5000 feet)

Distribution: Indonesia (Java) sforziae Pace, 2001b: 43 ( Zyras (Glossacantha), TL : Sud India, Tamil Nadu, Dharmapuri distr., dintorni di

Papireddipatti) Distribution: India (Tamil Nadu) skukuzaensis Scheerpeltz, 1974a: 349 ( Zyras (Glossacantha), TL : Transvaal, Kruger National Park, Skukuza)

Distribution: Rep. South Africa somalianus Cameron, 1952b: 452 ( Zyras (Glossacantha), TL : Somalia, Belet Uen and Shillave) Distribution:

Somalia sordidus Kraatz, 1859a: 23 ( Myrmedonia, TL : insula Ceylan) Distribution: Sri Lanka spiniger Erichson, 1839: 41 ( Myrmedonia, TL : Aegypto) Distribution: Egypt, Sudan, Ghana, Uganda, Kenya,

Ethiopia, new combination in Last, 1980b: 170

= johnstoni Bernhauer, 1930: 139 ( Zyras (Glossacantha), TL : Sudan, Wad Medani) synonymy in Last, 1980b:

170 spinosidens Bernhauer, 1928a: 37 ( Zyras (Glossacantha) ; TL: Deutsch-Ostafrika, Trockenwald bei Mtotohovu &

Khutu) Distribution: Tanzania superbus Bernhauer, 1915c: 164 ( Zyras, TL : Abessinien, Dire Daoua, Harrar) Distribution: Ethiopia, Namibia tamalensis Last, 1973a: 153 ( Zyras (Glossacantha), TL : Ghana, Northern region, Nyankpala, 15 km W of Tamale)

Distribution: Ghana terminatus Boheman, 1848: 266 ( Myrmedonia, TL : Caffraria orientali) Distribution: Namibia, Rep. South Africa termitovagans Bernhauer, 1928a: 38 ( Zyras (Glossacantha) ; TL: Deutsch-Ostafrika, Daressalam) Distribution:

Tanzania triaculeatus Scheerpeltz, 1965: 341 ( Zyras (Glossacantha), TL : British Sikkim, 200 m, Valley at Tista Bridge)

Distribution: India (Sikkim) triangulum Pace, 2004a: 294 ( Zyras (Glossacantha), TL : Thailand, Loei, Na Haeo) Distribution: Thailand trispinosus Bernhauer, 1928a: 40 ( Zyras (Glossacantha) ; TL: Deutsch-Ostafrika, Kwakiyembe) Distribution:

Tanzania turnerianus Bernhauer, 1930a: 139 ( Zyras (Glossacantha), TL : S. W. Africa, Okahandja) Distribution: Namibia xanthopygus Scheerpeltz, 1974a: 353 ( Zyras (Glossacantha), TL : Transvaal, 16 miles NE of Pretoria)

Distribution: Rep. South Africa yangi Bernhauer, 1939b: 147 ( Zyras (Glossacantha), TL : China, Foochow) Distribution: China (Fujian, Hainan,

Hong Kong), Thailand, Vietnam zavattarii Cameron, 1947: 56 ( Zyras (Glossacantha), TL : Caschei) Distribution: Ethiopia cerambus Last, 1977a: 190 ( Zyras (Glossacantha), TL : Okaundua, S. W. Afr.) Distribution: Namibia, NOMEN

NUDUM laticeps Last, 1977a: 190 ( Zyras (Glossacantha), TL : Okaundua, S. W. Afr.) Distribution: Namibia, NOMEN

NUDUM subg. Grammodonia Bernhauer Zyras (Grammodonia) Bernhauer, 1928a: 21 , 55. Type species: Myrmedonia frontalis Erichson , by original designation abdominalis Bernhauer, 1937b: 310 ( Zyras (Grammodonia), TL : Kenya, South Kavirondo, Boma) Distribution:

Kenya angustus Bernhauer, 1928a: 58 ( Zyras (Grammodonia), TL : Mashonaland, Salisbury) Distribution: Rep. South

Africa, Ghana, Namibia bilineatus Bernhauer, 1930a: 146 ( Zyras (Grammodonia), TL : Belgisch-Kongo, Haut Uele, Yebo Moto)

Distribution: Dem. Rep. Congo, Ghana, Congo-Brazzaville, Tanzania, Angola, Rwanda brachythorax Bernhauer, 1929c: 196 ( Zyras (Grammodonia), TL : Natal: Frère & Mashonaland: Salisbury)

Distribution: Rep. South Africa (Natal), Zimbabwe calundoensis Last, 1967: 100 ( Zyras (Grammodonia), TL : Angola, Lac Calundo, 105 km east of Vila Luso)

Distribution: Angola capicola Péringuey, 1904: 213 ( Myrmedonia, TL : Cape Colony, Cape Town, Stellenbosch) Distribution: Rep.

South Africa, new combination in Last, 1980b: 170 carpenteri Bernhauer, 1928a: 58 ( Zyras (Grammodonia), TL : Deutsch-Ostafrika, Lulanguru) Distribution:

Tanzania carvalhoi Last, 1967: 100 ( Zyras (Grammodonia), TL : Angola, Réserve de Cameia, east of Vila Luso)

Distribution: Angola chloroticus Fauvel, 1907: 66 ( Zyras, TL : Nairobi) Distribution: Kenya, Tanzania, Ethiopia clarus Bernhauer, 1947: 164 ( Zyras (Grammodonia), TL : Ugano & Linda & Lupembe-Berg) Distribution:

Tanzania, Dem. Rep. Congo. cordicollis Bernhauer, 1947: 165 ( Zyras (Grammodonia), TL : Ugano & Lupembe-Berg) Distribution: Ghana,

Senegal, Tanzania deceptor Last, 1977c: 946 ( Zyras (Grammodonia), TL : Rwanda, Nyabikenke, 1700 m, terr. Nyanza) Distribution:

Dem. Rep. Congo, Rwanda, Uganda, Sierra Leone densicollis Bernhauer, 1928a: 56 ( Zyras (Grammodonia), TL : Deutsch-Ostafrika, Tanga) Distribution: Tanzania destitutus Last, 1972: 237 ( Zyras (Grammodonia), TL : La Maboké, Rep. Centrafricaine; HA: Dorylus sp. )

Distribution: Central African Republic, Ghana discedens Cameron, 1932: 40 ( Zyras (Grammodonia), TL : Haut Uele, Moto) Distribution: Dem. Rep. Congo dorylinus Wasmann, 1899a: 174 ( Myrmedonia, TL : Port Elizabeth & Dunbrody, Blue Cliff; HA: Dorylus helvolus )

Distribution: Rep. South Africa errans Cameron, 1932: 40 ( Zyras (Grammodonia), TL : Arebi, Bondo Mah) Distribution: Dem. Rep. Congo erraticus Last, 1966: 833 ( Zyras (Grammodonia), TL : Congo Republic, Odzala; preoccupied in Zyras , not

Myrmedonia erratica Hagens, 1863 , but not now congeneric) Distribution: Congo-Brazzaville; reinstated secondary homonym

= adjectus Last, 1969b: 279 ( Zyras , new name for Zyras (Grammodonia) erraticus Last, 1966 ) new synonymy extensicornis Scheerpeltz, 1974a: 359 ( Zyras (Grammodonia), TL : Natal, Royal Natal National Park, The Hostel)

Distribution: Rep. South Africa farimensis Pace, 1988a: 11 ( Zyras (Grammodonia), TL : Bissorã) Distribution: Guinea Bissau fauvelianus Cameron, 1939a: 207 ( Zyras (Grammodonia) ; TL: H. Sénégal, Khayes) Distribution: Angola,

Senegal, Ghana, Congo Rep. frontalis Erichson, 1839: 42 ( Myrmedonia, TL : Prom. Bon. Spei) Distribution: Rep. South Africa, Capeland ghesquierei Bernhauer, 1932c: 170 ( Zyras (Grammodonia), TL : Sankuru, Komi) Distribution: Dem. Rep. Congo hargeisaensis Scheerpeltz, 1974b: 36 ( Zyras (Grammodonia), TL : Somalia, Hargeisa) Distribution: Somalia holosus Last, 1960e: 131 ( Zyras (Grammodonia), TL : Congo Belge, Lusinga) Distribution: Dem. Rep. Congo hunti Bernhauer, 1936e: 333 ( Zyras (Grammodonia), TL : Uganda, Bukoba) Distribution: Uganda longicornis Boheman, 1848: 267 ( Myrmedonia, TL : Caffraria orientali) Distribution: Rep. South Africa, Namibia,

Tanzania lucernus Bernhauer, 1915c: 174 ( Zyras, TL : Deutsch-Ostafrika, Daressalam) Distribution: Tanzania magnus Last, 1977c: 945 ( Zyras (Grammodonia), TL : Zaïre, Katanga, Kolwezi) Distribution: Dem. Rep. Congo marginicollis Erichson, 1839: 40 ( Myrmedonia, TL : Promont. Bon. Spei) Distribution: Rep. South Africa

(Capland), Rwanda microphthalmus Bernhauer, 1908c: 114 ( Zyras, TL : Kap) Distribution: Rep. South Africa mimus Péringuey, 1904: 212 ( Myrmedonia, TL : Southern Rhodesia, Salisbury) Distribution: Rep. South Africa,

Zimbabwe, Mozambique mutatus Cameron, 1937b: 268 ( Zyras (Grammodonia), TL : Mayumbe, Buende-Suindi) Distribution: Dem. Rep.

Congo nitescens Bernhauer, 1928a: 56 ( Zyras (Grammodonia), TL : Belgisch-Kongo, Lusindoi; Haut-Uele, Moto;

Deutsch-Ostafrika, Lulanguru; HA: Dorylus sp. ) Distribution: Angola, Kenya, Dem. Rep. Congo, Tanzania,

Ghana, Rwanda nitidipennis Bernhauer, 1928a: 57 ( Zyras (Grammodonia), TL : Belgisch-Kongo, Kidada (Kitobola)) Distribution:

Congo-Brazzaville, Dem. Rep. Congo, Ghana, Angola obanensis Last, 1969a: 136 ( Zyras (Grammodonia), TL : Lafinie reservation, Oban) Distribution: Congo-

Brazzaville orstomensis Last, 1969a: 135 ( Zyras (Grammodonia), TL : Brazzaville, Orstom park) Distribution: Congo-

Brazzaville perdignus Last, 1967: 102 ( Zyras (Grammodonia), TL : Angola, Lac Calundo, 105 km east of Vila Luso)

Distribution: Angola, Namibia, Zimbabwe piciceps Eppelsheim, 1885: 102 ( Myrmedonia, TL : Adda an der Goldküste [=Ada, Ghana]) Distribution: Ghana,

Cameron, Congo-Brazzaville, Namibia prolixus Boheman, 1848: 268 ( Myrmedonia, TL : Caffraria orientali) Distribution: Burundi, Kenya, Senegal,

Tanzania, Dem. Rep. Congo / Uganda?, Rep. South Africa (Cape, KwaZulu-Natal, Transvaal), Lesotho punctiger Bernhauer, 1929c: 195 ( Zyras (Grammodonia), TL : Portugiesisch Guinea, Bolama) Distribution: Guinea

Bissau, Ghana, Senegal, Tanzania quadridens Last, 1967: 101 ( Zyras (Grammodonia), TL : Angola, Réserve de Cameia, east of Vila Luso)

Distribution: Angola responsor Tottenham, 1939: 511 ( Zyras (Grammodonia), TL : Uganda: Kawanda, near Kampala) Distribution:

Uganda ruficeps Cameron, 1932: 41 ( Zyras (Grammodonia), TL : Haut Uele, Abimva) Distribution: Dem. Rep. Congo,

Ghana, Angola rufus Last, 1973a: 152 ( Zyras (Grammodonia), TL : Ghana, Ashanti region, Kwadaso) Distribution: Ghana rutshuruensis Cameron, 1950b: 74 ( Zyras (Grammodonia), TL : Rutshuru) Distribution: Congo-Brazzaville, Dem.

Rep. Congo, Ghana, Tanzania, Rwanda sculptilis Last, 1967: 98 ( Zyras (Grammodonia), TL : Angola, Réserve de Cameia, east of Vila Luso) Distribution:

Angola serotinus Last, 1966: 834 ( Zyras (Grammodonia), TL : Congo Republic, Odzala) Distribution: Congo-Brazzaville serruliger Pace, 1999b: 193 ( Zyras (Grammodonia) ; TL: Namibia, Kavango, Popa Falls) Distribution: Namibia,

Rep. South Africa, Swaziland silvestrianus Scheerpeltz, 1934: 1659 ( Zyras , new name for Zyras (Grammodonia) silvestrii Bernhauer, 1930 )

Distribution: Senegal, Ghana, Tanzania, Guinea

= silvestrii Bernhauer, 1930a: 145 ( Zyras (Grammodonia), TL : Französisch-Guinea, Camayenne; preoccupied,

not Zyras silvestrii Bernhauer, 1909 ) sublilior Bernhauer, 1928a: 58 ( Zyras (Grammodonia), TL : Deutsch-Ostafrika, Daressalam) Distribution:

Tanzania sudanensis Scheerpeltz, 1974b: 35 ( Zyras (Grammodonia), TL : Sudan, Bahr el Ghazal, Wau) Distribution: Sudan tridenticulatus Scheerpeltz, 1974a: 357 ( Zyras (Grammodonia), TL : Transvaal, Kruger Nat. Park, Letaba Camp)

Distribution: Rep. South Africa turbator Last, 1967: 102 ( Zyras (Grammodonia), TL : Angola, Lac Calundo, 105 km east of Vila Luso)

Distribution: Angola vilhenai Last, 1967: 99 ( Zyras (Grammodonia), TL : Angola, Réserve de Cameia, east of Vila Luso) Distribution:

Angola dividuus Last, 1967: 90 ( Zyras (Grammodonia), TL : not cited) Distribution: Angola, NOMEN NUDUM geminus Last, 1969: 144 ( Zyras (Grammodonia) ; TL: not cited) Distribution: Congo-Brazzaville, Ghana,

Tanzania, NOMEN NUDUM; preoccupied, not Myrmedonia gemina Kraatz 1859 A marlieri Last, 1966: 828 ( Zyras (Grammodonia), TL : not cited) Distribution: Congo-Brazzaville, NOMEN

NUDUM sectator Last, 1973a: 148 ( Zyras (Grammodonia), TL : not cited) Distribution: Tanzania, NOMEN NUDUM taborensis Last, 1973a: 140 ( Zyras (Grammodonia), TL : not cited) Distribution: Ghana, NOMEN NUDUM subg. Hylozyras Iablokov-Khnzorian

Zyras (Hylozyras) Iablokov-Khnzorian, 1960: 1882 . Type species: Zyras stenocephalus Iablokov-Khnzorian , by monotypy stenocephalus Iablokov-Khnzorian, 1960: 1882 ( Zyras (Hylozyras), TL : Armjanskaya CCP, Shurnuch, Gorisskij region) Distribution: Armenia subg. Isothoracodonia Bernhauer

Zyras (Isothoracodonia) Bernhauer, 1936e: 328 . Type species: Zyras crassicornis Bernhauer , by monotypy tributus Last, 1969b: 279 ( Zyras , new name for Zyras (Isothoracodonia) crassicornis Bernhauer, 1936 )

Distribution: Burundi, Kenya

= crassicornis Bernhauer, 1936e: 329 ( Zyras (Isothoracodonia) crassicornis, TL : Kenya Colony, Kaimosi;

preoccupied, not Aleochara crassicornis Stephens, 1832 (not now congeneric), not Zyras crassicornis

Schubert, 1911)

subg. Lastia Dvořák Zyras (Lastia) Dvořák, 1984: 199 . New name for Solus Last, 1960 Zyras (Solus) Last, 1960c: 52 (preoccupied, not Watson, 1913). Type species: Zyras bundukiensis Last , by original designation absurdus Last, 1969a: 140 ( Zyras (Solus), TL : Lafinie reservation, Mbeokala forest) Distribution: Congo-

Brazzaville bundukiensis Last, 1960c: 52 ( Zyras (Solus), TL : Tanganyika territory, Bunduki, Uluguru Mts., 1300 m)

Distribution: Tanzania crassus Last, 1962a: 96 ( Zyras (Solus), TL : Congo, Garamba National Park) Distribution: Congo-Brazzaville,

Dem. Rep. Congo cuiloensis Last, 1967: 107 ( Zyras (Solus), TL : Angola, Alto Chicapa, forêt sources Cuílo) Distribution: Angola dogmatis Last, 1969a: 140 ( Zyras (Solus), TL : Sibiti, Irho rain forest) Distribution: Congo-Brazzaville subg. Leptodonia Bernhauer

Zyras (Leptodonia) Bernhauer, 1928a: 20 , 26. Type species: Zyras marshalli Bernhauer , by original designation marshalli Bernhauer, 1928a: 26 ( Zyras (Leptodonia), TL : Mashonaland, Salisbury) Distribution: Zimbabwe subg. Macrodonia Wasmann Macrodonia Wasmann, 1894a: 207 . Type species: Macrodonia vandepolli Wasmann , by monotypy vandepolli Wasmann, 1894a: 208 ( Macrodonia, TL : Insel Sambawa, Niederl. Ostindien) Distribution: Indonesia

(Sumbawa)

subg. Neotropopella Scheerpeltz Zyras (Neotropopella) Scheerpeltz, 1976: 140 . Type species: Zyras brasiliensis Scheerpeltz , by original designation brasiliensis Scheerpeltz, 1976: 140 ( Zyras (Neotropopella), TL : Kolonie Nova Teutonia, Brasilien; HA:

Acromyrmex hispidus atratus ) Distribution: Brazil subg. Pachydonia Bernhauer

Zyras (Pachydonia) Bernhauer, 1928a: 20 , 34. Type species: Zyras dubius Bernhauer , by original designation dubius Bernhauer, 1928a: 35 ( Zyras (Pachydonia), TL : Belgisch-Kongo, Manyema, Niemba) Distribution: Cameroon, Dem. Rep. Congo fulbis Pace, 1988a: 19 ( Zyras (Pachydonia), TL : Bissorã) Distribution: Guinea Bissau germanus Cameron, 1932: 38 ( Zyras (Pachydonia), TL : Haut Uele, Moto) Distribution: Dem. Rep. Congo glaberriventris Bernhauer, 1929c: 188 ( Zyras (Pachydonia), TL : Fernando Poo, Musola) Distribution: Equatorial

Guinea ( Fernando Poo) glabriventris Bernhauer, 1929c: 188 ( Zyras (Pachydonia), TL : Fernando Poo, Musola) Distribution: Cameroon,

Equatorial Guinea ( Fernando Poo) mahagianus Cameron, 1937b: 270 ( Zyras (Trachydonia), TL : Mahagi, Nialopul) Distribution: Congo-Brazzaville,

Dem. Rep. Congo, Rwanda mayumbeanus Cameron, 1934: 376 ( Zyras (Pachydonia), TL : Mauumbe, Ganda-Buku) Distribution: Dem. Rep.

Congo, Ghana montistabulae Scheerpeltz, 1974a: 360 ( Zyras (Pachydonia), TL : Cape Prov., Cape Town, Table Mnt.)

Distribution: Rep. South Africa pauliani Bernhauer, 1942: 371 ( Zyras, TL : Mont Cameroun) Distribution: Cameroon promontorii Scheerpeltz, 1974a: 362 ( Zyras (Pachydonia), TL : Cape Prov., Bracken Hill, 8 miles from E Knysna)

Distribution: Rep. South Africa seditiosus Pace, 1996b: 231 ( Zyras (Pachydonia), TL : Kenya, Mt. Aberdares, Parc National, 2300 m) Distribution:

Kenya semiglaber Bernhauer, 1939a: 261 ( Zyras (Pachydonia), TL : Mt. Cameroon, Mann’s Quelle) Distribution:

Cameroon subg. Paragrammodonia Bernhauer

Zyras (Paragrammodonia) Bernhauer, 1935: 105 . Type species: Zyras overlaeti Bernhauer , by monotypy overlaeti Bernhauer, 1935: 105 ( Zyras (Paragrammodonia), TL : Lulua, Sandoa) Distribution: Dem. Rep. Congo subg. Parophthalmonia Bernhauer Zyras (Parophthalmonia) Bernhauer, 1928a: 21 , 60. Type species: Zyras kristenseni Bernhauer , by original designation acuticollis Bernhauer, 1937a: 301 ( Zyras (Parophthalmoonia), TL : Mahagi-Niarembe) Distribution: Dem. Rep.

Congo, Ghana, Nigeria, Senegal, Sudan, Central African Republic aethiopicus Scheerpeltz, 1974b: 37 ( Zyras (Grammodonia), TL : Ethiopia, Gambi nr. Agaro) Distribution: Ethiopia altus Last, 1958: 342 ( Zyras (Parophthalmonia), TL : Nigeria, Zaria prov., Rigachi Kun) Distribution: Nigeria,

Angola arrowi Bernhauer, 1936f: 265 ( Zyras (Parophthalmonia), TL : Angola, Luimbale Mt. Moco, 1800-1900 m)

Distribution: Angola, Congo-Brazzaville, Ghana, Guinea, Dem. Rep. Congo, Tanzania, Zimbabwe, Nigeria,

Ivory Coast, Central African Republic bidens Cameron, 1952a: 835 ( Zyras (Parophthalmonia), TL : Dahomey, Koussokoingou, Atakora, 600-700 m)

Distribution: Benin, Senegal bidenticulatus Bernhauer, 1928a: 60 ( Zyras (Parophthalmonia), TL : Deutsch-Afrika, Trockenvald bei Mtotohovu)

Distribution: Rwanda, Tanzania boormani Last, 1958: 359 ( Zyras (Parophthalmonia), TL : Nigeria, Lagos) Distribution: Nigeria, Guinea brincki Scheerpeltz, 1974a: 332 ( Zyras (Parophthalmonia), TL : Basutoland, Nazareth M.S., 20 miles ESE

Maseru) Distribution: Rep. South Africa, Lesotho burgeoni Bernhauer, 1928a: 61 ( Zyras (Parophthalmonia), TL : Kongostaat, Haut Uele, Watsa) Distribution: Dem.

Rep. Congo, Cameroon burundanus Pace 2008f: 377 ( Zyras (Parophthalmonia), TL : Burundi-NE Ruvubu-Parc) Distribution: Burundi concisus Last, 1958: 361 ( Zyras (Parophthalmonia), TL : Portuguese Guinea, Bolama) Distribution: Ghana,

Guinea Bissau, Nigeria confusorius Last, 1958: 340 ( Zyras (Parophthalmonia), TL : Congo Belge, Maniema Kisamba) Distribution:

Congo-Brazzaville, Dem. Rep. Congo, Ghana corniger Bernhauer, 1929c: 199 ( Zyras (Parophthalmonia), TL : Portugiesisch Guinea, Bolama) Distribution:

Guinea Bissau, Ghana, Benin dentiventris Bernhauer, 1929c: 197 ( Zyras (Parophthalmonia), TL : Portugiesisch Guinea, Bolama) Distribution:

Ghana, Guinea Bissau, Congo-Brazzaville, Dem. Rep. Congo, Angola diversicollis Bernhauer, 1928a: 62 ( Zyras (Parophthalmonia), TL : Belgischer-Kongostaat, Haut Uele, Moto)

Distribution: Dem. Rep. Congo, Cameroon, Sudan, Uganda, Central African Republic

= mabiranus Cameron, 1952b: 455 ( Zyras (Parophthalmonia) ; TL: Uganda, Mabira) synonymy in Last, 1958:

336 diversicornis Last, 1958: 346 ( Zyras (Parophthalmonia), TL : Kenya, Kaimosi) Distribution: Kenya, Ghana,

Congo-Brazzaville, Dem. Rep. Congo, Tanzania, Angola donisthorpei Cameron, 1919: 85 ( Myrmedonia, TL : Kashilu) Distribution: Zambia elgonensis Last, 1958: 356 ( Zyras (Parophthalmonia), TL : Kenya, Elgon, Vers Est, 2500 m) Distribution: Kenya,

Dem. Rep. Congo fractus Last, 1967: 98 ( Zyras (Parophthalmonia), TL : Angola, Marco de Canavezes, distr. Benguela) Distribution:

Angola gestroianus Scheerpeltz, 1934: 1654 ( Zyras , new name for Zyras (Parophthalmonia) gestroi Bernhauer, 1929 )

Distribution: Ghana, Guinea Bissau, Nigeria, Senegal, Tanzania, Cameroon, Congo-Brazzaville

= gestroi Bernhauer, 1929c: 199 ( Zyras (Parophthalmonia), TL : Portugiesisch Guinea, Bolama; preoccupied,

not Myrmedonia gestroi Wasmann, 1896 )

= maculiventer Last, 1977a: 190 ( Zyras (Glossacantha), NOMEN NUDUM, TL : Daressalam) synonymy in

Last, 1977a: 191 gravidulus Péringuey, 1904: 214 ( Myrmedonia, TL : Southern Rhodesia, Sebakwe) Distribution: Rep. South

Africa, Zimbabwe, Dem. Rep. Congo, Ethiopia, Tanzania, Angola, Mozambique, Zambia

= dollmani Cameron, 1919: 84 ( Myrmedonia, TL : Kashilu) synonymy in Last 1958: 336

= lomechusinus Bernhauer, 1915c: 173 ( Zyras, TL : Delagoa) synonymy in Last 1958: 336 gregoryi Last, 1958: 350 ( Zyras (Parophthalmonia), TL : Nigeria, Ibadan) Distribution: Nigeria, Dem. Rep.

Congo, Cameroon, Angola, Uganda harpurus Last, 1958: 357 ( Zyras (Parophthalmonia), TL : Nigeria, Ibadan) Distribution: Nigeria holtzi Bernhauer, 1928a: 62 ( Zyras (Parophthalmonia), TL : Deutsch-Ostafrika, Tabora) Distribution: Tanzania,

Dem. Rep. Congo, Zimbabwe icetus Last, 1958: 361 ( Zyras (Parophthalmonia), TL : Nigeria, Zaria) Distribution: Nigeria, Senegal impurus Last, 1958: 354 ( Zyras (Parophthalmonia), TL : Congo Belge, Lusinga) Distribution: Dem. Rep. Congo,

Ghana infulatus infulatus Last, 1958: 353 ( Zyras (Parophthalmonia), TL : Abyssinia, Bogos) Distribution: Eritrea, Dem.

Rep. Congo, Ghana infulatus uniformis Last, 1958: 353 ( Zyras (Parophthalmonia), TL : Congo Belge, Ruanda, Lac Mugesera)

Distribution: Rwanda ingratus Last, 1958: 357 ( Zyras (Parophthalmonia), TL : Abyssinia, Ulchite, Addis Ababa) Distribution: Ethiopia,

Ghana jansei Last, 1958: 345 ( Zyras (Parophthalmonia), TL : Transvaal, Pretoria) Distribution: Rep. South Africa

(Transvaal) kigwenensis Pace 2008f: 377 ( Zyras (Parophthalmonia), TL : Burundi, Kigwena-Res.) Distribution: Burundi kivuensis Last, 1977c: 934 ( Zyras (Parophthalmonia), TL : Zaïre, Kivu, riv. Natulonge, terr. Fizi) Distribution:

Dem. Rep. Congo kristenseni Bernhauer, 1915c: 173 ( Zyras, TL : Erythra, Ghinda) Distribution: Eritrea, Guinea Bissau, Congo-

Brazzaville, Mozambique, Rep. South Africa, Swaziland, Kenya, Ghana, Cameroon, Sierra Leone, Nigeria languidis Last, 1977c: 935 ( Zyras (Parophthalmonia), TL : Kenya, Nairobi) Distribution: Kenya, Uganda lasti Dvořák, 1981: 58 ( Zyras (Parophthalmonia) , new name for Zyras (Parophthalmonia) granulatus Last, 1972 )

Distribution: Ghana, Ivory Coast

= granulatus Last, 1972: 235 ( Zyras (Parophthalmonia), TL : Lamto, Toumodi, Côte-d’Ivoire;, preoccupied,

not Myrmedonia granulata Wasmann, 1890 ) leptocerus Last, 1958: 346 ( Zyras (Parophthalmonia), TL : Congo Belge, Lualaba, Kabongo) Distribution: Dem.

Rep. Congo, Ghana, Guinea, Namibia matengoensis Bernhauer, 1947: 161 ( Zyras (Parophthalmonia), TL : Linda, & Ugano) Distribution: Tanzania,

Dem. Rep. Congo, Ghana, Namibia, Angola, Rep. South Africa misellus Last, 1958: 349 ( Zyras (Parophthalmonia), TL : Nigeria, Ibadan) Distribution: Nigeria, Ghana, Congo-

Brazzaville, Dem. Rep. Congo, Tanzania, Cameroon, Angola, Guinea, Senegal narokensis Pace, 1996b: 238 ( Zyras (Parophthalmonia), TL : Kenya, Narok, 2000 m) Distribution: Kenya notatus Last, 1958: 344 ( Zyras (Parophthalmonia), TL : Congo Belge, de Coquilhatville à Ruamouth)

Distribution: Dem. Rep. Congo, Angola opacus Bernhauer, 1937b: 311 ( Zyras (Parophthalmonia) ; TL: Kenya, Ngong) Distribution: Kenya pardii Pace, 1991d: 313 ( Zyras (Parophthalmonia) ; TL: Kenya, 20 km S di Malindi) Distribution: Kenya postulatus Last, 1981b: 116 ( Zyras (Parophthalmonia), TL : Tanzania, Morogoro) Distribution: Tanzania punctiventris Bernhauer, 1915c: 172 ( Zyras, TL : Deutsch-Ostafrika, Dar-es-Salaam) Distribution: Tanzania,

Uganda, Congo-Brazzaville, Dem. Rep. Congo, Ghana, Guinea retusus Last, 1958: 343 ( Zyras (Parophthalmonia), TL : French West Africa, Dahomey, Koussoukoingou, Atakora,

600-700 m) Distribution: Benin robustus Cameron, 1919: 84 ( Myrmedonia, TL : NW Mumbwa) Distribution: Zambia, new combination in Last,

1957: 195 to Pedinopleurus and later to Parophthalmonia , Last, 1962b: 224 rotundicollis Cameron, 1952b: 454 ( Zyras (Parophthalmonia) ; TL: Uganda, Bwamba) Distribution: Cameroon,

Uganda, Dem. Rep. Congo rusticus Pace, 1999b: 193 ( Zyras (Parophthalmonia) ; TL: Namibia, Grootfontein, Otavi) Distribution: Namibia saegeri Last, 1962a: 94 ( Zyras (Parophthalmonia), TL : Congo, Garamba National Park) Distribution: Dem. Rep.

Congo semiopacus Bernhauer, 1928a: 62 ( Zyras (Parophthalmonia), TL : Belgisch-Kongo, Haut Uelé, Walsa [most probably misspelling of Watsa]) Distribution: Congo-Brazzaville, Dem. Rep. Congo, Ghana, Nigeria sobrinus Last, 1958: 360 ( Zyras (Parophthalmonia), TL : Transvaal) Distribution: Ghana, Nigeria, Rep. South

Africa (Transvaal) subrufus Last, 1977c: 937 ( Zyras (Parophthalmonia), TL : Nigeria, Umuahia) Distribution: Nigeria sulcicollis Fauvel, 1903b: 243 ( Zyras, TL : Cameroun - Gabon, Libreville, Loango) Distribution: Cameroon, Gabon,

Ghana, Congo-Brazzaville, Dem. Rep. Congo, Guinea, Equatorial Guinea ( Fernando Poo) tenuis Last, 1977c: 936 ( Zyras (Parophthalmonia), TL : Kenya, Muguga) Distribution: Kenya, Dem. Rep. Congo,

Nigeria uelensis Bernhauer, 1928a: 63 ( Zyras (Parophthalmonia), TL : Belgisch-Kongo, Haut Uelé, Watsa) Distribution:

NIgeria, Dem. Rep. Congo zernyi Bernhauer, 1947: 160 ( Zyras (Parophthalmonia), TL : Lupembe-Berg) Distribution: Tanzania, Cameroon subg. Platydonia Bernhauer

Zyras (Platydonia) Bernhauer, 1928a: 21 . Type species: Zyras notandus Bernhauer , by original designation notandus Bernhauer, 1915c: 174 ( Zyras, TL : Darelssalam) Distribution: Tanzania tuberipennis Bernhauer, 1943: 299 ( Zyras (Platydonia), TL : Katoka-Luluabourg & Elisabethville) Distribution: Dem. Rep. Congo subg. Polydonia Bernhauer

Zyras (Polydonia) Bernhauer, 1928a: 21 . Type species: Zyras linki Bernhauer , by monotypy linki Bernhauer, 1915c: 169 ( Zyras, TL : Orange-Freistaat, Bothaville) Distribution: Rep. South Africa subg. Pycnodonia Bernhauer

Zyras (Pycnodonia) Bernhauer, 1928a: 21 . Type species: Zyras lioglutoides Bernhauer , by original designation irangicola Pace, 1996b: 236 ( Zyras (Pycnodonia), TL : Kenya, Embu, Irangi For., 2100 m) Distribution: Kenya kisumuensis Pace, 1996b: 236 ( Zyras (Pycnodonia), TL : Kenya, Miss. Kaimosi, NE Kisumu, 1650 m) Distribution: Kenya lioglutoides Bernhauer, 1915c: 179 ( Zyras, TL : Deutsch-Ostafrika, Arusha-Ju) Distribution: Tanzania mahnerti Pace, 1996b: 236 ( Zyras (Pycnodonia), TL : Kenya, Mt. Aberdares, près Nat. Park, 2300 m) Distribution: Kenya microarmatus Pace, 1996b: 232 ( Zyras (Pycnodonia), TL : Kenya, Nairobi) Distribution: Kenya, Namibia subg. Remionea Blackwelder

Zyras (Remionea) Blackwelder, 1952: 338 . New name for Eremonia Bernhauer, 1928

Zyras (Eremonia) Bernhauer, 1928a: 19 (preoccupied, not Gray, 1873). Type species: Zyras escherichi Bernhauer , by original designation escherichi Bernhauer, 1915c: 178 ( Zyras, TL : Erythraea) Distribution: Eritrea subg. Rhopalodonia Cameron

Zyras (Rhopalodonia) Cameron, 1939f: 546 . Type species: Myrmedonia clavicornis Kraatz , by monotypy clavicornis Kraatz, 1859a: 24 ( Myrmedonia, TL : insula Ceylan) Distribution: Sri Lanka nitidepunctatus Pace, 2005b: 149 ( Zyras (Rhopalodonia), TL : NE India, Meghalaya, East Khasi Hills, Umran, 33 km N Shillong) Distribution: India (Meghalaya)

subg. Rocnema Blackwelder Zyras (Rocnema) Blackwelder, 1952: 342 . New name for Blepharonia Bernhauer, 1928 Zyras (Blepharonia) Bernhauer, 1928a: 24 (preoccupied, not Huebner, 1825). Type species: Myrmedonia bangae

Cameron, by original designation bangae Cameron, 1926: 90 ( Myrmedonia (Zyras), TL : Banga, Tshiobo N’Gay) Distribution: Congo-Brazzaville,

Dem. Rep. Congo, Ghana, Cameroon, Angola, Tanzania remotus Last, 1960e: 128 ( Zyras (Blepharonia), TL : Congo Belge: Lukawe, affl. dr. Lufira, 700m) Distribution:

Dem. Rep. Congo sparsus Last, 1960e: 130 ( Zyras (Blepharonia), TL : Congo Belge: Lusinga, 1760m) Distribution: Dem. Rep.

Congo subg. Sinozyras Pace

Zyras (Sinozyras) Pace, 1999a: 684 . Type species: Zyras pygmaeus Pace , by original designation pygmaeus Pace, 1999a: 684 ( Zyras (Sinozyras) ; TL: Hong Kong, Tai Long) Distribution: China ( Hongkong)

subg. Subversoris Last

Zyras (Subversoris) Last, 1977c: 943 . Type species: Zyras chadensis Last , by original designation chadensis Last, 1977c: 944 ( Zyras (Subversoris) ; TL: Tchad, distr. Kanem, N’Gouri) Distribution: Chad, Ivory Coast subg. Synthoracodonia Scheerpeltz Zyras (Synthoracodonia) Scheerpeltz, 1974a: 370 . Type species: Zyras meridioafricanus Scheerpeltz , by original designation meridioafricanus Scheerpeltz, 1974a: 370 ( Zyras (Synthoracodonia) ; TL: Natal, Tugela River, 12 miles WNW

Bergville) Distribution: Rep. South Africa subg. Taprodonia Cameron

Zyras (Taprodonia) Cameron, 1939f: 516 . Type species: Myrmedonia nietneri Kraatz , by monotypy nietneri Kraatz, 1857b: 52 ( Myrmedonia, TL : Negambo) Distribution: Sri Lanka unicornis Dvořák, 1996: 9 ( Zyras (Taprodonia), TL : Vietnam, Taj Nguen [= Thái Nguyên], Bud Lioj, 65 km N Ankche) Distribution: Vietnam subg. Termidonia Motschulsky

Termidonia Motschulsky, 1860: 87 . Type species: Termidonia laminata Motschulsky , by monotypy

Myrmedonia (Rhynchodonia) Wasmann, 1896b: 620 . Type species: Myrmedonia feae Wasmann , by original designation Zyras (Rhynchodonia) Wasmann : Cameron, 1939: 499 (redescription, key to species of India, Myanmar and Sri

Lanka) abbreviatus Fenyes, 1914: 52 ( Zyras (Rhynchodonia) ; TL: Taihorin [ Taiwan]) Distribution: Taiwan agilis Cameron, 1939f: 505 ( Zyras (Rhynchodonia), TL : Kumaun, Haldwani, Seljam) Distribution: India atricillis Pace, 1986a: 457 ( Zyras (Rhynchodonia) ; TL: Burma, Wetwun) Distribution: Myanmar bicolor Eppelsheim, 1895c: 388 ( Myrmedonia, TL : Calcutta) Distribution: India bidentatus Bernhauer, 1914b: 108 ( Zyras, TL : Ostindien, Pegu) Distribution: India (Meghalaya), Myanmar biprensilis Pace, 2005b: 147 ( Zyras (Rhynchodonia), TL : NE India, Meghalaya, East Khasi Hills, Umran, 33 km N

Shillong) Distribution: India (Meghalaya) distinguendus Cameron, 1950a: 127 ( Zyras (Rhynchodonia), TL : Pahang, Raub) Distribution: Malaysia (Malay peninsula) feae Wasmann, 1896b: 620 ( Myrmedonia (Rhynchodonia), TL : Carïn Chebà, Birma; HT: Odontotermes feae )

Distribution: Myanmar fluminis Pace, 2000a: 79 ( Zyras (Rhynchodonia), TL : Thailand, River Kwae Ban Sai Yok) Distribution: Thailand gestroi Wasmann, 1896b: 622 ( Myrmedonia (Rhynchodonia), TL : Bhamò, Birma; HT: Termes gestroi ,

Coptotermes curvignathus ) Distribution: Myanmar gigas Pace, 1987b: 214 ( Zyras (Rhynchodonia), TL : Bali: Bedugul) Distribution: Indonesia (Bali) implorans Pace, 2010c: 24 ( Zyras (Termidonia), TL : Taiwan, Taitung Hsien, Hsinkangshan, above Chengkung,

800m) Distribution: Taiwan indonesiae Pace, 1987b: 214 ( Zyras (Rhynchodonia), TL : S. Celebes, Rante Pao) Distribution: Indonesia

(Sulawesi) indorum Fauvel 1903: 162 ( Zyras, TL : Coonoor; aussi de Kanara) Distribution: India (Tamil Nadu) leoninus Wasmann, 1897c: 279 ( Myrmedonia (Rhynchodonia), TL : Freetown, Sierra Leone) Distribution: Sierra

Leone longwangmontis Pace, 1998: 971 ( Zyras (Rhynchodonia), TL : China: Zhejiang, Anji county) Distribution: China

(Zhejiang, Hainan, Hongkong) mysorensis Cameron, 1939f: 504 ( Zyras (Rhynchodonia), TL : Bangalore) Distribution: India nepalensis Pace, 1992b: 140 ( Zyras (Rhynchodonia), TL : Nepal, Phewa-Tal, Pokhara) Distribution: Nepal nigriceps Kraatz, 1859a: 22 ( Myrmedonia, TL : India orientali ("Ind. Port." in Cameron 1939) Distribution: India nigripennis Bernhauer, 1915e: 59 ( Zyras, TL : Zentral-Himalaya, Dehra Dun) Distribution: India (Uttar Pradesh),

Nepal nigrosericeus Pace, 2001b: 41 ( Zyras (Rhynchodonia), TL : Sud India, Tamil Nadu, Nilgiri distr., Nilgiri Hills,

Kunchappani, 1100m) Distribution: India (Tamil Nadu), Myanmar perakensis Cameron, 1950a: 126 ( Zyras (Rhynchodonia), TL : Perak) Distribution: Malaysia (Malay peninsula) persimilis Cameron, 1939d: 20 ( Zyras (Rhynchodonia), TL : Batoerraden, G. Slamat) Distribution: Indonesia (Java,

Bali) praedabunda Kistner, 2003: 211 ( Zyras (Rhynchodonia), TL : East Malaysia, Sabah, Poring Hot Springs; HA:

Dorylus (Dischadia) laevigatus ) Distribution: Malaysia procerus Kraatz, 1859a: 20 ( Myrmedonia, TL : insula Ceylan) Distribution: Sri Lanka

= laminata Motschulsky, 1860: 87 ( Termidonia, TL : montagnes Noura-Ellia, Ceylan; preoccupied, not

Myrmedonia laminata Roth 1851 )

= motschulskyi Bernhauer and Scheerpeltz, 1926: 702 ( Zyras , new name for Termidonia laminata Motschulsky,

1860) synonymy in Dvořák, 1981: 58 rougemonti Pace, 1986a: 457 ( Zyras (Rhynchodonia) ; TL: Burma, Pindaya) Distribution: Myanmar rufithorax Cameron, 1930b: 158 ( Zyras, TL : Malay Peninsula, Kedah, Catchment Area, near Jitra, Petalung)

Distribution: Malay peninsula, Vietnam, Thailand, Myanmar

= hanoiensis Paśnik, 2000: 1058 ( Drusilla, TL : Vietnam, Chine ad Hanoi) synonymy in Pace, 2004a: 251;

Pace, 2004e: 199 sexcuspidatus Assing, 2009b: 503 ( Zyras (Termidonia), TL : China: Yunnan, Baoshan Pref., mountain range 14 km

E Tengchong, 1850m, 25°00'28"N, 98°38'07"E) Distribution: China (Yunnan) simulans Cameron, 1939f: 511 ( Zyras (Rhynchodonia) ; TL: Nilgiri Hills) Distribution: India siwalikensis Cameron, 1939f: 513 ( Zyras (Rhynchodonia) ; TL: Siwaliks, Nakraunda) Distribution: India soror Cameron, 1936a: 183 ( Zyras (Rhynchodonia) ; TL: E. Java, Sripit, Zuider Geb) Distribution: Indonesia (Java) stevensi Cameron, 1939f: 506 ( Zyras (Rhynchodonia) ; TL: Darjeeling, Gopaldhara, 4720 feet) Distribution: India termitarius Wasmann, 1897e: 30 ( Myrmedonia (Rhynchodonia), TL : Teinzò, Birmania) Distribution: Myanmar termiticola Gaestro, 1886: 110 ( Myrmedonia, TL : Burma, HT: Termes gestroi ) Distribution: Myanmar

= termitobia Wasmann, 1896b: 622 ( Myrmedonia (Rhynchodonia), TL : Bhamò, Birma; HT: Termes gestroi ) termitophilus Wasmann, 1897e: 28 ( Myrmedonia (Rhynchodonia), TL : Rangoon, Birmania) Distribution:

Myanmar thailandensis Pace, 2004a: 288 ( Zyras (Rhinchodonia) [sic!], TL: Thailand, Loei, Na Haeo) Distribution: Thailand viti Assing, 2009a: 223 ( Zyras (Termidonia), TL : Taiwan – Taitung Co., road no. 20, km 184, 600m) Distribution:

Taiwan waageni Eppelsheim, 1895c: 386 ( Myrmedonia , India: Pegu) Distribution: India (Bengal, Meghalaya), Myanmar,

Nepal subg. Termitelia Cameron

Zyras (Termitelia) Cameron, 1939f: 517 . Type species: Zyras insignis Cameron , by monotypy insignis Cameron, 1939f: 517 ( Zyras (Termitelia) ; TL: Ceylon) Distribution: Sri Lanka subg. Termitodonia Cameron

Zyras (Termitodonia) Cameron, 1936a: 184 . Type species: Zyras flavus Cameron , by original designation.

flavus Cameron, 1936a: 184 ( Zyras (Termitodonia) ; TL: Toeloengagoeng) Distribution: Indonesia (Java)

subg. Trigonodonia Bernhauer Zyras (Trigonodonia) Bernhauer, 1928a: 19 , 22. Type species: Zyras panganianus Bernhauer , by original designation Zyras subg. Trigonodonia Bernhauer : Bernhauer, 1930a: 126 (key); Scheerpeltz, 1963a: 104 (key of all species);

Last, 1973b: 99 (revision, key to species) bicallosus Bernhauer, 1930a: 127 ( Zyras (Trigodonia), TL : Belgisch-Kongo, Bas-Uele, Koteli) Distribution: Dem.

Rep. Congo bifoveolatus Bernhauer, 1930a: 130 ( Zyras (Trigodonia), TL : Belgisch-Kongo, Elisabethville) Distribution:

Congo-Brazzaville, Dem. Rep. Congo, Angola glaber Bernhauer, 1928a: 23 ( Zyras (Trigonodonia), TL : Belgisch-Kongo, Haut-Uele, Moto) Distribution: Dem.

Rep. Congo, Benin inquilinus Last, 1967: 109 ( Zyras (Trigonodonia), TL : Angola, Lac Calundo, 105 km east of Vila Luso)

Distribution: Angola jubaensis Scheerpeltz, 1974b: 34 ( Zyras (Trigonodonia), TL : Sudan, Equatoria, Tambura-Wau) Distribution:

Sudan kalahariensis Scheerpeltz, 1974a: 365 ( Zyras (Trigonodonia), TL : Cape Prov., Tweede Rivieren, Kalahari

Gemsbok Park) Distribution: Rep. South Africa luimbalensis Bernhauer, 1936f: 263 ( Zyras (Trigonodonia), TL : Angola, Luimbale, Mt. Moco, 1800-1900 m)

Distribution: Angola panganianus Bernhauer, 1915c: 178 ( Zyras, TL : Deutsch-Ostafrika, Panganifälle) Distribution: Tanzania, Congo-

Brazzaville, Gabon, Zimbabwe, Malawi

= gabonensis Last, 1969a: 139 ( Zyras (Trigonodonia), TL : Mount Fouari reservation, Near Gabon) puguanus Bernhauer, 1928a: 23 ( Zyras (Trigonodonia), TL : Deutsch-Ostafrica, Pugu) Distribution: Tanzania royi Last, 1963: 359 ( Zyras (Trigonodonia), TL : Guinée, Mont Nimba) Distribution: Guinea serranoi Pace, 1988a: 21 ( Zyras (Trigonodonia), TL : Bissorã) Distribution: Guinea Bissau subglaber Bernhauer, 1930a: 129 ( Zyras (Trigonodonia), TL : Belgisch-Kongo, Haut-Uele, Yebo, Moto)

Distribution: Dem. Rep. Congo, Rwanda, Uganda, Kenya, Tanzania, Sudan subopacus Bernhauer, 1930a: 131 ( Zyras (Trigonodonia), TL : Belgisch-Kongo, Haut-Uele) Distribution: Dem.

Rep. Congo, Cameroon triangularis Bernhauer, 1928a: 24 ( Zyras (Trigonodonia), TL : Belgisch-Kongo, Kasai) Distribution: Angola,

Congo-Brazzaville, Dem. Rep. Congo

= tumidus Last, 1967: 108 ( Zyras (Trigonodonia), TL : Angola, Dundo) synonymy in Last, 1973b: 105 vanderijsti Bernhauer, 1928a: 22 ( Zyras (Trigonodonia), TL : Belgisch-Kongo, Moyen Kwilu, Leverville) Distribution: Dem. Rep. Congo, Kenya, Rwanda, Guinea subg. Trigonozyras Cameron Zyras (Trigonozyras) Cameron, 1943b: 143 . Type species: Zyras sarawakensis Cameron , by original designation. horridus Pace, 2008a: 146 ( Zyras (Trigonozyras), TL : Sabah, Crocker Ra., 1200m, Km 63 r.te Kota Kinabalu-

Tambunan) Distribution: Malaysia (Borneo: Sabah) sarawakensis Cameron, 1943b: 143 ( Zyras (Trigonozyras), TL : Borneo, W. Sarawak, Mt. Matang) Distribution:

Malaysia (Borneo: Sarawak)

subg. Tropidonia Bernhauer Zyras (Tropidonia) Bernhauer, 1928a: 21 , 52. Type species: Zyras tubericollis Bernhauer , by original designation luberoanus Bernhauer, 1934b: 215 ( Zyras (Tropidonia), TL : Mombassa, 36 km. S. Lubero) Distribution: Dem.

Rep. Congo rangirensis Pace, 1996b: 232 ( Zyras (Tropidonia), TL : Rwanda, Rangiro, 1800 m) Distribution: Rwanda tubericollis Bernhauer, 1928a: 52 ( Zyras (Tropidonia), TL : Belgisch-Kongo, Haut Uele, Moto) Distribution: Dem.

Rep. Congo subg. Visendor Last Zyras (Visendor) Last, 1960a: 93 . Type species: Zyras marukana Cameron , by original designation bomansi Last, 1960a: 94 ( Zyras (Visendor), TL : Belgian Congo, Moba, Katanga) Distribution: Dem. Rep. Congo clavus Last, 1960c: 51 ( Zyras (Visendor) ; TL: Tanganyika Terr., Bunduki, Uluguru Mts., 1300 m) Distribution:

Tanzania ituriensis Last, 1960a: 96 ( Zyras (Visendor), TL : Congo Belge, Ituri Territory, Bunia, Mont Hoyo, 1100 m)

Distribution: Dem. Rep. Congo lamottei Last, 1963a: 358 ( Zyras (Visendor), TL : Guineé, Mont Nimba, Ziéla) Distribution: Guinea marukana Cameron, 1933a: 50 ( Zyras (Parophthalmonia), TL : Faradje, Maruka) Distribution: Dem. Rep. Congo,

Angola peculiaris Cameron, 1952b: 455 ( Zyras (Parophthalmonia) ; TL: Kenya Colony, N.W. Mau, 8-10000 feet)

Distribution: Kenya, Dem. Rep. Congo, Tanzania, Rwanda, Uganda planatus Last, 1956a: 208 ( Zyras (Parophthalmonia), TL : Ruanda, Rutovu, forest of Rugege, on the Astrida-

Bukavu route, 2350 m) Distribution: Rwanda, Dem. Rep. Congo raritus Last, 1960a: 93 ( Zyras (Visendor), TL : Natal, Durban) Distribution: Rep. South Africa (Natal) reticulatus Last, 1962a: 95 ( Zyras (Visendor), TL : Congo, Garamba National Park) Distribution: Dem. Rep. Congo septilis Last, 1977c: 915 ( Zyras (Visendor), TL : Zambia, Mpika, Muchinga Mts, 1700 m) Distribution: Zambia silvestris Bernhauer, 1912d: 484 ( Zyras (Ctenodonia), TL : Zentralafrika, Urwald, 90km westlich vom Albert-

Eduard-See) Distribution: Dem. Rep. Congo, Rwanda

= forus Last, 1956a: 206 ( Zyras (Parophthalmonia), TL : Ruanda, Rutovu, forest of Rugege, on the Astrida-

Bukavu route, 2350 m) spheginus Last, 1960a: 96 ( Zyras (Visendor), TL : French Guinea, Kindia) Distribution: Guinea vanellus Last, 1960a: 96 ( Zyras (Visendor), TL : French West Africa, Ivory Coast, Nizida) Distribution: Ivory

Coast subg. Zyras Stephens abacus Dvořák, 1984: 194 ( Zyras (s.str.), TL: UdSSR, Kazachstan, Tien Shan, Zailijskij Ala-Tau, Alma Arasan bei

Alma Ata) Distribution: Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan adulescens Pace, 1987b: 212 ( Drusilla, TL : Sabah, Pangi) Distribution: Malaysia (Borneo: Sabah); new combination ex Drusilla, Pace 2008: 148 alboantennatus Pace, 1986a: 460 ( Zyras (s.str.); TL: Burma, Anisakan) Distribution: Myanmar alboterminalis Pace, 2008a: 150 ( Zyras (Zyras), TL : Sabah, Kibongol V., 7 Km N Tambunan, 700m) Distribution:

Malaysia (Borneo: Sabah) alternans Cameron, 1925a: 45 ( Myrmedonia (Zyras), TL : Sumatra, Lago Toba) Distribution: Indonesia (Sumatra) angkoricola Pace, 2004a: 292 ( Zyras (Zyras), TL : Cambodia, Angkor, Preah-Kahn, Temple) Distribution:

Thailand bartolozzii Pace, 2003: 68 ( Zyras (s.str.), TL: Malaysia, Pahang, Genting Sempah, 600m) Distribution: Malaysia basicollis Pace, 2000c: 293 ( Zyras (Zyras), TL : TL: Indonesia: Irian Jaya, Nabire area, road Nabire-Ilaga, km 62,

03 o 30’936’’ S 135 o 41’945’’N, 250m) Distribution: New Guinea (West Papua) basilewskyi Last, 1956a: 219 ( Zyras (s.str.), TL: Ruanda, Gatsibu, Biumba territory, 1800 m) Distribution:

Rwanda, Cameroon, Burundi, Ghana, Dem. Rep. Congo beijingensis Pace, 1993a: 114 ( Zyras (s.str.); TL: China, Beijing) Distribution: China (Beijing) benenensis Pace, 2001a: 196 ( Zyras (Zyras) , Vietnam N, 100km SSW Hanoi, 40km SW Than Hoa, 50 m, Ben En

National Park) Distribution: Vietnam birmanus Scheerpeltz, 1965: 350 ( Zyras (s.str.), TL: N. E. Burma, Kambaiti, 7000 ft.) Distribution: Myanmar biroi Last, 1980a: 161 ( Zyras (Zyras), TL : Sattelberg, Huon Golf) Distribution: New Guinea

= biroi var. subflavus Last, 1980a: 161 ( Zyras (Zyras), TL : Sattelberg, Huon Golf) unavailable name,

infrasubspecific bonus Last, 1977c: 947 ( Zyras (s.str.), TL: Zaïre, Mont Kabobo, terr. Albertville, Hte-Kiymbi, 1700 m)

Distribution: Dem. Rep. Congo bramtonus Last, 1962d: 222 ( Zyras (s.str.), TL: Senegal, Dakar) Distribution: Senegal, Ghana, Dem. Rep. Congo britannorum Pace, 1992b: 140 ( Zyras (s.str.), TL: Nepal, Kathmandu, British Embassy) Distribution: Nepal bryanti Cameron, 1943b: 141 ( Zyras (s.str.), TL: W. Sarawak, Mt. Matang) Distribution: Malaysia (Borneo:

Sarawak) castaneus Motschulsky, 1861: 150 ( Myrmedonia, TL : Sommité du Mont Patannas) Distribution: Sri Lanka championi Cameron, 1939f: 537 ( Zyras (s.str.), TL: India: Simpla Hills, Theog, 7000 feet) Distribution: India chinkiangensis Bernhauer, 1939b: 148 ( Zyras (s.str.), TL: Nordwestl. China, Chinkiang) Distribution: China

(Jiangsu) chumphonensis Pace, 2004a: 292 ( Zyras (Zyras), TL : Thailand, Chumphon prov., Pha To env.) Distribution:

Thailand collaris Paykull, 1789 ( Staphylinus, TL : Olunda Uplandiae [ Sweden]) Distribution: Europe, Russia (European),

Azerbaijan, Georgia, Algeria coloratus Cameron, 1939f: 545 ( Zyras (Pella) ; TL: Dehra Dun) Distribution: India (Uttar Pradesh) condignus Last, 1969b: 279 ( Zyras , new name for Zyras (Zyras) distinctus Cameron, 1939 ) Distribution: India

(Uttar Pradesh), Nepal, Vietnam, Taiwan

= distinctus Cameron, 1939f: 540 ( Zyras (s.str.), TL: Chakrata district, Manjgaon, 6500 feet; preoccupied, not

Zyras (Zyras) distinctus Biering, 1937 ) conjectus Last, 1960d: 12 ( Zyras (s.str.), TL: Gabon, Jsibangu) Distribution: Gabon, Spanish Guinea, Angola cultus Last, 1960d: 14 ( Zyras (s.str.), TL: Bogos, 1500 m) Distribution: Algeria, Eritrea, Angola cylindricornis Dvořák, 1981: 56 ( Zyras ( Zyras s.str.), TL: Japan, Honshu, Halbinsel Hinomi (p. Hiroshima)

Distribution: Japan, Korea, China (Liaoning) daiaccorum Pace, 2008a: 152 ( Zyras (Zyras), TL : Borneo, Sabah, Mt. Kinabalu Nat. Pk., HQ Liwagu River,

1490m) Distribution: Malaysia (Borneo: Sabah) distinctus Bierig, 1937: 281 ( Zyras (s.str.), TL: Cuba, Sierra del Rosario, El Rangel; HA: Tetramorium simillimum )

Distribution: Cuba drescheri Cameron, 1939d: 17 ( Zyras (s.str.), TL: Batoerraden, G. Slamat and Bandoeng Dago and G. Tangkoeban

Prahoe) Distribution: Indonesia (Java) drugmandi Pace, 2004a: 293 ( Zyras (Zyras), TL : Thailand, Loei, Na Haeo) Distribution: Thailand elegantulus Cameron, 1939d: 20 ( Zyras (s.str.), TL: G. Tangkoeban Prahoe, 4000-5000 feet) Distribution:

Indonesia (Java) exasperatus Schubert, 1908: 610 ( Zyras, TL : Kulu, Himalaya, Kulu, 3000 m) Distribution: India (Himachal

Pradesh) facundus Last, 1969b: 279 ( Zyras , new name for Zyras (s.str.) semirufus Cameron, 1939 ) Distribution: Indonesia

(Java) = semirufus Cameron, 1939d: 18 ( Zyras (s.str.), TL: G. Tangkoeban Prahoe, 4000-5000 feet; preoccupied, not

Myrmedonia semirufa Bernhauer, 1902 ) ferrugineiventris Scheerpeltz, 1965: 349 ( Zyras (s.str.), TL: N. E. Burma, Kambaiti, 7000 ft.) Distribution:

Myanmar ferrugineus Cameron, 1939f: 541 ( Zyras (s.str.), TL: Burma, Ruby Mines) Distribution: Myanmar flavipennis Last, 1956a: 218 ( Zyras (s.str.), TL: Urundi, Makoronkwe, on the Makamba-Rutana route, 1450 m)

Distribution: Burundi, Ghana, Nigeria, Rwanda, Dem. Rep. Congo flavorufus Cameron, 1939d: 18 ( Zyras (s.str.), TL: G. Tangkoeban Prahoe, 4000-5000 feet) Distribution:

Indonesia (Java) fratrumkadooriorum Pace, 1998: 968 ( Zyras (s.str.), TL: Hong Kong, Kadoorie Farm) Distribution: China

( Hongkong) fugax Sharp, 1888: 289 ( Myrmedonia, TL : Kioto) Distribution: Japan, Korea fulgidus Gravenhorst, 1806: 163 ( Aleochara, TL : Parisiis) Distribution: Europe, Russia (European), Georgia, Iran,

Near East fustigans Pace, 2000a: 77 ( Zyras (s.str.), TL: Thailand, River Kwae Ban Sai Yok) Distribution: Thailand gardneri Cameron, 1939f: 538 ( Zyras (s.str.), TL: Darjeeling, 6000 feet) Distribution: India geminus Kraatz, 1859a: 27 ( Myrmedonia, TL : Insula Ceylan) Distribution: Sri Lanka, India, Indonesia (Java,

Sumatra), Taiwan, Philippines, Japan (Iriomote Island) gibbus Pace, 2010c: 26 ( Zyras (Zyras), TL : Taiwan, Kaohsiung Hs., For. bbv. Tona Sta., 1100m) Distribution:

Taiwan glabricollis Scheerpeltz, 1965: 358 ( Zyras (s.str.), TL: N. E. Burma, Kambaiti, 20000 m) Distribution: Myanmar gratellus Cameron, 1939d: 20 ( Zyras (s.str.), TL: G. Tangkoeban Prahoe, 4000-5000 feet) Distribution: Indonesia

(Java) hastatus Fauvel, 1904a: 64 ( Zyras, TL : India, Belgaum) Distribution: India hauserianus Bernhauer, 1933b: 46 ( Zyras (s.str.), TL: Thian-S., Tekestal) Distribution: China (Xinjiang) haworthi Stephens, 1832: 126 ( Aleochara, TL : Norfolk) Distribution: Europe, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia,

Russia, Algeria, Tunisia, Japan

= elegans Heer, 1839: 350 ( Bolitochara, TL : Helvetia)

= nigricollis Motschulsky, 1845: 41 ( Zyras, TL : Tschougoueff, Russie méridionale) hirsutiventris Champion, 1927: 245 ( Myrmedonia (Zyras), TL : Central Almora, Kumaon, India) Distribution:

India (Uttar Pradesh), Nepal hirsutus Cameron, 1943a: 353 ( Zyras (s.str.), Australia, Victoria, Belgrave) Distribution: Australia (Victoria) hirtus Kraatz, 1859a: 25 ( Myrmedonia, TL : insula Ceylan) Distribution: Sri Lanka, Taiwan hongkongensis Pace, 1999a: 684 ( Zyras (Zyras) ; TL: Hong Kong: Tai Long) Distribution: China ( Hongkong) illecebrosus Last, 1982: 81 ( Zyras (Cephalodonia), TL : Mongolia, Central aimak, Tosgoni ovoo, 6-10 km N von

Ulaan Baator) Distribution: Mongolia, new combination in Dvořák, 1984: 192 indicus Cameron, 1944: 108 ( Zyras (s.str.), TL: Mysore, Anantapur) Distribution: India iridescens Sawada, 1970: 49 ( Bolitochara, TL : Shiga, 1710 m, Nagano Pref.) Distribution: Japan, new combination in Maruyama, 2006a: 181 kambaitiensis Scheerpeltz, 1965: 347 ( Zyras (s.str.), TL: N. E. Burma, Kambaiti, 7000 ft) Distribution: Myanmar kinabaluensis Pace, 2008a: 148 ( Zyras (Zyras), TL : Sabah, Mt. Kinabalu, 1500m) Distribution: Malaysia (Borneo:

Sabah) kraatzi Schubert, 1908: 609 ( Zyras, TL : Kulu, Himalaya, 2000 m) Distribution: India (Himachal Pradesh, Uttar

Pradesh), Nepal

= ignicauda Champion, 1927: 245 ( Myrmedonia (Zyras), TL : Jaunsar, Chakrata Division, U. P., India)

synonymy in Cameron, 1939f: 536 longapicalis Pace, 2009c: 293 ( Zyras (Zyras), TL : TL: Indonesia: Irian Jaya, Nabire area, road Nabire-Ilaga, km

54, 03 o 30’936’’ S 135 o 41’945’’N, 750m) Distribution: New Guinea (West Papua) louwerensi Cameron, 1939d: 19 ( Zyras (s.str.), TL: E. Java, G. Pandan, Res. Mediden) Distribution: Indonesia

(Java) maculipennis Gridelli, 1921: 87 ( Zyras fulgidus var. maculipennis, TL : Gotschi, Kaukasus) Distribution:

Caucasus, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan; new status in Dvořák, 1984: 193 malaisei Scheerpeltz, 1965: 345 ( Zyras (s.str.), TL: N. E. Burma, Kambaiti, 7000 ft.) Distribution: Myanmar manjushri Pace, 1992b: 142 ( Zyras (s.str.), TL: Nepal, Prov. Bagmati, Tarang Marang, 1000 m) Distribution:

Nepal matangensis Cameron, 1943b: 141 ( Zyras (s.str.), TL: W. Sarawak, Mt. Matang, 2000ft) Distribution: Malaysia

(Borneo: Sarawak) modiglianii Cameron, 1925a: 47 ( Myrmedonia (Zyras), TL : Sumatra, Siboga) Distribution: Indonesia (Sumatra) montanus Bernhauer, 1915: 152 ( Astilbus, TL : Mt. Matang, Sarawak) Distribution: Malaysia (Borneo: Sarawak mortuorum Pace, 1990a: 99 ( Zyras (s.str.); TL: Philippines, environs de Sagada) Distribution: Philippines morvani Pace, 1986d: 182 ( Zyras (s.str.); TL: Nepal, Takum Sibang) Distribution: Nepal mutarensis Pace, 1996b: 231 ( Zyras (s.str.), TL: Rhodésie, Umtali) Distribution: Zimbabwe nakuruensis Pace, 1996b: 231 ( Zyras (s.str.), TL: Kenya, Nakuru, Lac Naivasba, près de Mundui Estate, 1950 m)

Distribution: Kenya neoparageminus Hlaváč, Newton & Maruyama new name ( Zyras (s.str.), for Zyras (Zyras) parageminus Pace,

2010) Distribution: Indonesia (Sumatra)

= parageminus Pace, 2010d: 319 ( Zyras (s.str.), TL: Sumatra, Balighe; preoccupied, not Zyras (Zyras)

parageminus Pace, 1988) nigerrimus Cameron, 1943b: 142 ( Zyras (s.str.), TL: Sarawak, Mt. Poi, 5000 ft) Distribution: Malaysia (Borneo:

Sarawak) nigritus Last, 1980b: 176 ( Zyras (s.str.), TL: Hex Rio) Distribution: Rep. South Africa (Cape, Natal) nigroaeneus Cameron, 1939f: 543 ( Zyras (s.str.), TL: Simla Hills, Narkanda, 9230 feet) Distribution: India nilgiriensis Cameron, 1939f: 537 ( Zyras (s.str.), TL: Nilgiri Hills) Distribution: India nitens Cameron, 1944: 108 ( Zyras (s.str.), TL: Selangor, The Gap) Distribution: Malaysia (Malay peninsula) notaticornis Pace, 1998: 971 ( Zyras (s.str.), TL: Hong Kong: Kadoorie Agricultural Research Centre) Distribution:

China ( Hongkong, Zheijang) obliquus Casey, 1894: 325 ( Myrmedonia, TL : New York) Distribution: Canada (AB,BC,MB,NB,NS,ON,QC),

USA (MI,MO,NH,NY, OR)

= pseudohaworthi Klimaszewski, 2002: 53 ( Zyras, TL : Canada, British Colombia, Upper Carmanach Valley)

synonymy in Klimaszewski et al., 2005: 714 optatus Sharp, 1888: 289 ( Myrmedonia, TL : Kashiwagi & Chiuzenji) Distribution: Japan optimus Cameron, 1939f: 534 ( Zyras (s.str.), TL: Nilgiri Hills) Distribution: India paecesanus Pace, 1997: 36 ( Zyras (s.str.), TL: Kolumbien, Villa Culebra bei Bonda, ca. 10 Km E Sta. Marta)

Distribution: Colombia paederinus Pace, 2008a: 153 ( Zyras (Zyras), TL : Sabah, Mt. Kinabalu, above Poring Hot Springs, 520m)

Distribution: Malaysia (Borneo: Sabah) pallipes Pace, 1992b: 140 ( Zyras (s.str.), TL: Nepal, Bakhri Kharka 5500 ft) Distribution: Nepal pallipyga Pace, 2008a: 150 ( Zyras (Zyras), TL : Sabah, E Mt. Kinabalu, 1150m, rte. Ranau-Kota Kinabalu)

Distribution: Malaysia (Borneo: Sabah) papuanus Pace, 2000b: 159 ( Zyras (Zyras), TL : Papua, Lae, Auaald) Distribution: Papua New Guinea papuaseverus Pace, 2009c: 293 ( Zyras (Zyras), TL : Indonesia: Irian Jaya, Nabire area, road Nabire-Ilaga, km 54,

03 o 30’936’’ S 135 o 41’945’’N, 750m) Distribution: New Guinea (West Papua) papuavariolosus Pace, 2009c: 293 ( Zyras (Zyras), TL : TL: Indonesia: Irian Jaya, Nabire area, road Nabire-Ilaga,

km 54, 03 o 30’936’’ S 135 o 41’945’’N, 750m) Distribution: New Guinea (West Papua) parageminus Pace, 1988b: 335 ( Zyras (s.str.), TL: Sri Lanka, Habaranz) Distribution: Sri Lanka particornis Sharp, 1888: 290 ( Myrmedonia, TL : Kioto) Distribution: Japan, Russia (Far East), Korea, China

(Liaoning) perforatus Champion, 1921: 178 ( Myrmedonia (Zyras), TL : Swal River Basin, W. Almora) Distribution: India

(Sikkim/Darjiling, Uttar Pradesh), Nepal pervariolosus Pace, 2008a: 150 ( Zyras (Zyras), TL : Sabah, Mt. Kinabalu Nat. Pk., HQ at Liwagu Rv., 1500m)

Distribution: Malaysia (Borneo: Sabah) pictus Sharp, 1874: 11 ( Ilyobates, TL : Orakami Marsh, Nagasaki) Distribution: Japan, Korea pindarae Champion, 1921 ( Myrmedonia (Zyras), TL : Pindar Valley, alt. 8000- 11,000 ft., Kumaon) Distribution:

India (Uttar Pradesh), Nepal planctos Last, 1977b: 81 ( Zyras (s.str.), TL: Northern region, Damongo) Distribution: Ghana planifer Casey, 1894: 326 ( Myrmedonia, TL : Asheville, North Carolina; HA: Cremastogaster lineolata )

Distribution: USA (NC)

= schwarzi Wasmann, 1894a: 207 ( Myrmedonia, TL : Washington D.C.) synonymy in Klimaszewski et al.

2005: 706 preangeranus Cameron, 1939d: 17 ( Zyras (s.str.), TL: G. Tangkoeban Prahoe, 4000-5000 feet and Batoerraden, G.

Slamat) Distribution: Indonesia (Java) proximus Cameron, 1939f: 538 ( Zyras (s.str.), TL: Nilgiri Hills) Distribution: India pseudobirmanus Scheerpeltz, 1965: 351 ( Zyras (s.str.), TL: N. E. Burma, Kambaiti, 7000 ft.) Distribution:

Myanmar punctipennis Cameron, 1939d: 18 ( Zyras (s.str.), TL: G. Tangkoeban Prahoe, 4000-5000 feet) Distribution:

Indonesia (Java) punctus Last, 1967: 109 ( Zyras (s.str.), TL: Angola, Réserve de Cameia; HA: Dorylus sp. ) Distribution: Angola,

Upper Volta, Nigeria, Dem. Rep. Congo

= punctus var. croceus Last, 1967: 110 ( Zyras (s.str.), TL: Angola, Lac Calundo) unavailable name,

infrasubspecific quadriterminalis Pace, 2008a: 149 ( Zyras (Zyras), TL : Borneo, Sabah, Mt. Kinabalu, Poring Hot Springs, 485m)

Distribution: Malaysia (Borneo: Sabah) quasar Dvořák, 1996: 6 ( Zyras (Pella), TL : Vietnam, Taj Nguen [= Thái Nguyên], Bud Lioj 65 km N Ankche)

Distribution: Vietnam restitutus Pace, 1993a: 114 ( Zyras (s.str.); TL: China, Sichuan, Da Zu) Distribution: China (Sichuan) rudis LeConte, 1866: 372 ( Myrmedonia, TL : District of Columbia) Distribution: USA (DC) rufescens Cameron, 1939f: 534 ( Zyras (s.str.), TL: Ceylon) Distribution: Sri Lanka ruficauda Cameron, 1939f: 543 ( Zyras (s.str.), TL: Ghum districy, Tiger Hill, 8000-10000 feet) Distribution:

northern India, Nepal semiasperatus Scheerpeltz, 1965: 353 ( Zyras (s.str.), TL: N. E. Burma, Kambaiti, 7000 ft.) Distribution: Myanmar seminigerrimus Bernhauer, 1933a: 54 ( Zyras (s.str.), TL: Tatsienlu-Kiulung) Distribution: China (Sichuan) setosipennis Scheerpeltz, 1965: 356 ( Zyras (s.str.), TL: S. Shan-State, Road 50 km E. of Taunggyi) Distribution:

Myanmar setosivestis Scheerpeltz, 1965: 354 ( Zyras (s.str.), TL: S. Shan-State, Road 50 km E. of Taunggyi) Distribution:

Myanmar shaanxiensis Pace, 1998: 971 ( Zyras (s.str.), TL: China, Shaanxi, Nanwutai) Distribution: China (Shaanxi) shiva Pace, 1987b: 216 ( Zyras (s.str.), TL: Lombok, Sesaut) Distribution: Indonesia (Lombok, Bali) sibiricus Bernhauer, 1914a: 68 ( Zyras, TL : Ost-Sibirien, Schipka Gora) Distribution: Russia: Siberia, Korea song Pace, 1993a: 112 ( Zyras (s.str.); TL: Yunnan, Dali, 2100 m) Distribution: China (Yunnan) songanus Pace, 1993a: 114 ( Zyras (s.str.); TL: China, Beijing) Distribution: China (Beijing) tambachensis Pace, 1996b: 228 ( Zyras (s.str.), TL: Kenya, Tambach, E Eldoret, 2000 m) Distribution: Kenya thaiorum Pace, 1986a: 460 ( Zyras (s.str.); TL: Thailand, Chian. Rai: Mae Yao) Distribution: Thailand variolatus Pace, 2003: 68 ( Zyras (s.str.), TL: Malaysia, Pahang, Jerau Water Falls, 1000m) Distribution: Malaysia wei Pace, 1993a: 114 ( Zyras (s.str.); TL: China, Guizhou, Huaxi) Distribution: China (Guizhou), Taiwan sinorum Rougemont, 2001: 111 ( Zyras (Zyras), TL : China) Distribution: China ( Hongkong), NOMEN NUDUM