Serpula columbiana Johnson, 1901

Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando, 2008, Serpulids (Annelida: Polychaeta) from the Eastern Pacific, including a brief mention of Hawaiian serpulids, Zootaxa 1722, pp. 1-61 : 45

Serpula columbiana Johnson, 1901

( Figures 11A–E)

Serpula columbiana Johnson, 1901: 432–433 , pl. 19, figs. 199–204. Type locality: Alki Point , Puget Sound, Washington, USA.

Serpula nannoides Chamberlin, 1919: 270 , pl. 2, fig. 8, off Crescent City (California, USA).

Serpula columbiana .— Kupriyanova, 1999: 24–27, figs 1, 3, 4B, D (revision of the species).

Material examined. Twelve specimens: Washington ( USA), LACM-AHF 1883 , syntype (approx. 47º34’N, 122º25’W, Alki Point , Puget Sound , July , 1897). California ( USA), LACM-AHF 1884 , four syntypes (approx. 37º52–56’N, 122º26–29’W, Punta Cavallo , north of Golden Gate Bridge, Marin County, Feb. 7, 1894) ; LACM-AHF s.n., 2 spec. (32º34’N, 117º09’W, Velero ?, sta. 4928, area VIII, cobbles and boulders, 15 m, March 28, 1957) ; LACMN-AHF s.n., 2 spec. (34º00’25”N, 119º31’30–35”W, 1.6 km south-eastern of Smugglers Cove , Santa Cruz Island, Velero III, sta. 1295, coralline sand, pebbles, 30–42 m, April 12, 1941) ; LACMN-AHF s.n. (33º59’N, 119º26–27’W, 1.6 km south of west end of Anacapa Island , Velero IV, sta. 1942, sand, kelp, hydroids, molluscs and echinoderms, 54–60 m, April 15, 1950) ; MCZ 511 , 2131 holotype and paratype of S. nannoides (approx. 41º43–48’N, 124º11–19’W, off Crescent City, U.S. Coast Survey Expedition, 1859–60, coll. A. Agassiz, dried) .

Diagnosis. Tube white, rough, thick-walled, with slight transverse ridges, lacks longitudinal ridges, peristomes or alveoli. Opercular peduncle smooth, white, with marked constriction. Operculum symmetrical funnel, with 111–145 radii with blunt tips, and concave inner surface, with numerous tiny conical tubercles ( Figs 11A–C). Funnel typically deep (operculum diameter equal to its length), sometimes shallow ( Fig. 11A). Thoracic membrane large, continuing to end of thorax and meeting mid-ventrally, but not fused to form a single ventral apron. Collar with bayonet chaetae, with two blunt-short teeth, distal blade smooth ( Fig. 11D), or with minute teeth along to blade in smaller specimens ( Fig. 11E).

Habitat. Depth: 15–60 m. On rocks and shells.

Distribution. North-eastern Pacific. Alaska to California ( USA) ( Kupriyanova 1999).

Taxonomic remarks. Kupriyanova (1999) revised and measured about 30 specimens of S. columbiana and recorded opercula with 55 to 160 radii. Chamberlin (1919) briefly described S. nannoides , from speci- mens collected off Crescent City, California, USA; unfortunately the type specimens have dried out. Salazar- Vallejo (pers. comm. 2004) recommended revising topotype specimens; however, the number of radii recorded by Chamberlin (and confirmed by his illustrations) is of 90. Kupriyanova (1999) showed that the number of radii is positively correlated with size. The collar chaetae of S. nannoides also correspond to those of S. columbiana ( Fig. 11D). The general shape of the operculum of S. nannoides falls within the variation of S. columbiana . Therefore, S. nannoides is considered a junior synonym of S. columbiana .