Elaphrus angulonotus, Shi & Liang, 2008

Shi, Hongliang & Liang, Hongbin, 2008, A new species and new subgenus of the Genus Elaphrus from North China, with cladistic analysis of taxa of the tribe Elaphrini (Coleoptera: Carabidae), Zootaxa 1933 (1), pp. 33-42 : 35-38

Elaphrus angulonotus new species

( Figs. 1–8 )

Types. HOLOTYPE: male, China, Beijing, Haidian District, Yangtaishan, Reservoir , Bank of the reservoir, 40.06594°N / 116.09098°E, 205m, 4.VI.2006, Liu Ye collector . PARATYPES, a total of 22 males and 36

females: 2 males, 1 female, same collecting data as holotype; 7 males, 12 females, China, Beijing, Pinggu District, Jinhaihu Reservoir, 40.18306°N / 117.31792°E, 26.IV.2007, Shi Hongliang & Liu Ye collectors; 9 males, 12 females, China, Beijing, Pinggu District , Jinhaihu Reservoir, 40.18306°N / 117.31792°E, 17.V.2007, Shi Hongliang collector; 2 females, China, Beijing, Pinggu District , Jinhaihu Reservoir, 22.IV.2006, Liu Yizhou collector; 1 female, China, Hebei Province, Tanghai County, 22.V.1989, Yu Peiyu collector; 1 female, China, Hebei Province, Tanghai County , 11.V.1990, Yu Peiyu collector; 1 female, China, Hebei Province, Yixian County , Yixian Forestry School, 20.V.1981, Yu Peiyu collector; 1 female, China, Inner Mongolian, Chifeng, Kalaqin Qi, Jinshan Township , 15.VI.2006, Shi Hongliang collector; 2 males, 3 females, China, Shandong Province, Qingdao City, Huangdao Reservoir, 13.V.2005, Huang Hao collector; 1 male, 2 females, China, Shandong Province, Qingdao City, Jiaonan Zhushan Mt. , Daigezhuang Reservoir, 14.V.2006 Huang Hao collector; 1 male, China, Kiang Su, Yu-toan. Holotype and 54 paratypes (20 males, 34 females) were deposited in National Zoological Museum, Institute of Zoology , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing, China; 4 paratypes (2 males, 2 females, labeled China, Beijing, Pinggu District , Jinhaihu Reservoir, 40.18306°N / 117.31792°E, 17.V.2007, Shi Hongliang collector) were deposited in Southwest Forestry College, Kunming, China.

Description. Total length 8.40 to 9.36 mm (mean = 8.79), width 3.88 to 4.40 mm (mean = 4.13); ratio PL/ EL 0.356 to 0.403 (mean = 0.372), PL/PW 0.706 to 0.778 (mean = 0.737), PW/EW 0.632 to 0.721 (mean = 0.668). Dorsal surface gray-green, with slightly metallic reflection; pits on elytra blue-green; ventral surface dark green, metallic reflections much stronger than dorsal surface. Coxa, trochanter and and most of femur metallic green, the base of femur yellow; tibia and tarsus yellow, with metallic green on outer surface of tibia and dorsal surface of tarsus. Antennomeres metallic green, yellow basally. Labrum metallic green; mandible metallic green and somewhat yellowish on medial part; maxilla yellow, with metallic green on outer face of stipes; maxillary palpomeres yellow, with some metallic green on dorsal side of palpomeres 2–4; labial palpomeres yellow and with somewhat metallic green on the dorsal side; mentum metallic green with yellowish fringe; submentum and gula metallic green.

Head. Clypeus, frons, and vertex densely punctate, and with the lowest density at middle of frontoclypeal suture; punctures fine and regular, distance between them less than their diameter. Eyes moderately large, slightly prominent, medial margin of eyes and frons almost on the same plane; two supraorbital setae presented. Vertex with one small impression at middle between posterior edges of eyes. Antennomeres 1–3 glabrous; antennomere 1 with one seta; antennomere 3 with 6 to 10 setae apically. Clypeus straight at apex. Labrum transverse, slightly convex in the middle, with six setigerous punctures near apex. Mandible triangular, faintly hooked at apex, with one seta in scrobe, dorsal face rugose with sparse fine punctures; molar tooth prominent and near apical part of ventral brush, basal retinacular tooth near base of mandible, apical retinacular tooth at middle of basal retinacular tooth and molar tooth, terebral tooth near molar tooth. Maxilla with three setae on outer face of stipes, with two setae on apical part of palpifer; maxillary palpomere 3 short, about half as long as palpomere 4; basal half of palpomere 3 distinctly slenderer than the apical half. Labial palpomere 1 short and bent at middle; palpomere 2 about twice as long as palpomere 1 and with two setae at inner margin; mentum with median tooth bifid, with one pair of setae near the base; glossal sclerite with two subapical setae; paraglossae distinct from glossal sclerite, with a lobe projected at middle of outer margin ( Fig.8 ). Gula impunctate, tempora coarsely rugose and punctate.

Pronotum densely punctate, punctures fine and regular as vertex, with small areas near middle of anterior and posterior fringe nearly impunctate; pronotum with one pair of submedial indistinct impressions; lateral margin strongly projected in the middle to form a distinct middle angle ( Fig.1 ); pronotum width distinctly greater than width of head across eyes; two setae present on each lateral margin, one at middle projected angle, another near hind angle. Prosternum densely punctate, sparsely pubescent, intercoxal process with 10– 25 setae at apex; proepisternum and proepimeron densely punctate. Procoxal cavities closed behind; mesocoxal cavities open (namely, mesoepimeron attaining the coxa). Scutellum triangular, with punctures sparser than on pronotum. Anterior half of mesosternum punctate; mesoepisternum and mesoepimeron punctate. Metasternum glabrous and impunctate in central area, punctate and pubescent in lateral and anterior areas and areas posterior to subposterior sulcus; metaepisternum regularly punctate and pubescent; metaepimeron very narrow.

Elytra distinctly punctate, density of punctures as on pronotum; two rows of mirrors well outlined on elytron, first row with four mirrors and second row with two or three; mirrors rectangular, main mirror evidently wider and longer than others; pits wide, distinctly punctate and slightly impressed.

Abdominal sterna III–VII with accessory setae restricted to medial area, but with these setae extended to lateral areas of sterna VI and VII in some specimens; lateral areas of sterna II and III punctate; lateral areas of sterna IV–VII impuncate or slightly punctate and rugose.

Foreleg with coxa sparsely punctate; femur with 60–80 setae; tibia with 20–40 setae, inner dorsal fringe of setae along 70% of tibial length, absent basally. Midleg with coxa bearing numerous setae; femur with about 60 setae; tibia with numerous setae. Hindleg with coxal surface densely setose (some specimen from Beijing glabrous in the middle); femur with 10–20 setae on ventral surface, and with 5–7 short setae on dorso-apical surface.

Male genitalia ( Figs.2–4 ). Apex of median lobe in ventral view edged and slightly twist; in lateral view round. Parameres ( Figs.5–6 ). Setae of parameres long; right paramere about three-fourths as wide as left paramere.

Female ovipositor ( Fig.7 ). Basal sclerite with fine setae present at apical half; apical sclerite with numerous stout setae on disc.

Distribution. North China: Beijing, Hebei, southeastern Inner Mongolia, Shandong, and Jiangsu. The range of this species overlaps that of Elaphrus comatus Goulet.

Habitat. The new species can be found near rivers or lakes, especially on organic muddy substrate or slightly polluted banks of reservoirs. They are usually found together with E. comatus . But, unlike E. comatus adults, which are seen running rapidly on the substrate during daytime, E. angulonotus n. sp. adults always hide under rocks on mud during daytime.

Etymology. From the Latin, angulus, meaning angular; and notos, meaning thorax, referring to the middle angle of the pronotum.

Figures

FIGURES 1–8. Elaphrus angulonotus n. sp. (holotype, Beijing). 1,habitus; 2–4, median lobe: 2 ventral view, 3 left lateral view, 4 dorsal view; 5–6, parameres (ventral view): 5 right paramere, 6 left paramere; 7, left ovipositor (ventral view); 8, glossal sclerite and left paraglossa (ventral view). Scales: A = 1.0mm (Fig.1); B = 1.0mm (Figs.2–6); C = 0.1mm (Figs.7–8).