Lamispina gymnopapillata ( Hartmann-Schröder, 1965 ) Salazar-Vallejo, 2014

Salazar-Vallejo, Sergio I., 2014, Revision of Pherusa Oken, 1807 (Polychaeta: Flabelligeridae), Zootaxa 3886 (1), pp. 1-61 : 47-49

Lamispina gymnopapillata ( Hartmann-Schröder, 1965) n. comb.

Figure 20

Pherusa gymnopapillata Hartmann-Schröder 1965:228–229 , Figs 224–225.— Rozbaczylo, 1985:160; Rozbaczylo et al., 2006:75–77, Fig. 2a–h .

Type material. Southeastern Pacific Ocean. Holotype ( ZMH 14913), off Puerto Estero Cisne , Isla James (45.6° S, 74.1667° W), Los Chonos Archipelago, Chile, mussel bed, shallow water, 11 Jul. 1958, Stuardo, coll.

Additional material. Southwestern Atlantic Ocean. One specimen ( CENPAT), Puerto Deseado, Argentina, fouling, harbor, station 3E, 22 May 2007, E. Schwindt, coll. (complete, 26 mm long, 3.3 mm wide, cephalic 7.5 cage mm long, 54 chaetigers; anterior end exposed).

Description. Holotype (ZMH 14913) an anterior fragment, breaking in half ( Fig. 20A ), slightly damaged, pale brownish (colorless under strong illumination, Fig. 19B ); chaetae reddish brown. Body cylindrical, slightly tapered to end of fragment; 15 mm long, 2.5 mm wide, cephalic cage 7 mm long, 26 chaetigers. Body papillae with sediment particles, elongate, slightly capitate, forming globular sediment tubercles, larger dorsally, 4–5 irregular rows per segment dorsally ( Fig. 20C ), 5–6 ventrally ( Fig. 20D ).

Anterior end not exposed (observed in additional material, exposed, all appendages lost). Prostomium low cone; eyes dark red, anterior pair larger. Caruncle well defined, pale, lateral ridges greyish. Palps lost, size relationship with branchiae unknown. Lateral lips expanded, dorsal lip reduced, ventral lip with round lobes.

Branchiae lost; branchial scars arranged in two groups, four bases forming a continuous row, other bases into two lateral groups, each with two scars. Nephridial lobes lost, between proximal branchiae.

Cephalic cage chaetae about 3 x as long as body width (twice as long in additional specimen). Chaetigers 1–3 forming cephalic cage; chaetae arranged in short dorsolateral series. Chaetiger 1 with 9 noto- and 7 thicker neurochaetae, chaetigers 2–3 with 7 chaetae per ramus.

Anterior dorsal margin of first chaetiger rounded, papillated; papillae long, with sediment along their base and mid section, becoming bottle-shaped. Anterior chaetigers with long papillae on chaetal lobes. Chaetigers 1–3 slightly longer posteriorly. Chaetal transition from cephalic cage to body chaetae abrupt; anchylosed, falcate lamispines from chaetiger 4. Gonopodial lobes on chaetigers 5–6, each as a rounded low lobe close to neuropodium.

Parapodia poorly developed, chaetae emerge from body wall. Parapodia lateral; medial neuropodia ventrolateral. Noto- and neuropodial lobes low, 2–3 interramal papillae, 2–3 postchaetal papillae; all generally longer than dorsal papillae.

Medial notochaetae arranged in a È-pattern, transverse to body axis, directed dorsally; all notochaetae multiarticulated capillaries, brownish, with articles medium-sized basally, long medially and distally ( Fig. 20E ), about 10 per fascicle, as long as body width. Neurochaetae multiarticulated capillaries in chaetigers 1–3; lamispines from chaetiger 4, reddish brown, arranged in transverse series, 4 per row in chaetigers 4–13 ( Fig. 20F ), 5 per row in following chaetigers.

Posterior end unknown.

Remarks. Lamispina gymnopapillata ( Hartmann-Schröder, 1965) , n. comb., L. carrerai n. sp., and L. horsti

( Haswell, 1892) n. comb. form a group of species with body papillae stiff and lamispines subdistally widened, falcate. As stated above, L. carrerai can be separated from the other two species, which have a shorter cephalic cage, due to its very long cephalic cage (6x longer than body width as opposed to 2–3 x longer than body width). Lamispina gymnopapillata differs from L. horsti in the number of notochaetae per bundle, and transverse series of papillae per segment; in L. gymnopapillata there are 10 notochaetae per bundle, and 4–6 transverse series of papillae per segment, whereas in L. horsti there are less notochaetae (5–6), and slightly less series of papillae (3–5).

Distribution. Only known from subtidally (sand, mussel beds, to 167 m depth), in a few localities in Southern Chile. Also in fouling communities in southern Argentina.

Figures

FIGURE 2. Pherusa affinis (Leidy, 1855), paraneotypes (USNM 1251742). A. Anterior end, dorsal view. B. Same, ventral view. C. Non-type specimen (USNM 40214), anterior end, oblique dorsal view. D. Same, head, frontal view (branchiae and palps removed; BS: branchial scar, LL: lateral lip, PS: palp scar). E. Another paraneotype (USNM1251742), chaetiger 10, right notopodium (insets: basal and medial chaetal regions). F. Same, chaetiger 21, right neuropodium (insets: neurochaetal tips). Scale bars: A: 0.80 mm, B: 0.76 mm, C: 1.2 mm, D: 0.70 mm, E: 110 µm, F: 100 µm.

FIGURE 19. Lamispina falcata (Støp-Bowitz, 1948) n. comb. A. Syntypes (ZMUB 41784). B. Same, anterior fragments, dorsal view. C. Largest syntype, ventral view. D. Posterior fragment, right parapodium, posterior view (neuropodium at right). E. Same, notochaetal basal, medial and distal regions. F. Same, lamispine basal, medial and distal regions. Scale bars: A: 1.3 mm, B: 0.9 mm, C: 1 mm, D: 140 µm, E: 25 µm, F: 20 µm.

FIGURE 20. Lamispina gymnopapillata (Hartmann-Schröder, 1965) n. comb., holotype (ZMH 14913). A. Dorsal view, sunlight illumination. B. Same, microscope lamp illumination. C. Anterior end, dorsal view. D. Anterior end, right side, ventral view. E. Chaetiger 14, right parapodium, notochaetae (inset: medial regions). F. Chaetiger 9, right neuropodium, lamispines. Scale bars: A: 1.9 mm, B: 2 mm, C: 0.6 mm, D: 0.3 mm, E: 0.25 mm, F: 0.15 mm.