Ancistrotropis serrana Snak, J.L.A. Moreira & A.M.G. Azevedo, 2014

Snak, Cristiane, Moreira, João Luiz De Arruda & Tozzi, Ana Maria Goulart De Azevedo, 2014, A new species of Ancistrotropis (Leguminosae, Papilionoideae, Phaseoleae) endemic to Brazil, Phytotaxa 172 (3), pp. 280-284 : 280-283

Ancistrotropis serrana Snak, J.L.A. Moreira & A.M.G. Azevedo , sp. nov. (Fig. 1)

Ancistrotropis serrana is morphologically similar to A. peduncularis (Fawcett & Rendle) A. Delgado , from which it differs by the leaflets homomorphic [heteromorphic, rarely homomorphic in A. peduncularis ], leaflets apex acuminate to acute [frequently obtuse to rounded, rarely acute in A. peduncularis ]; carinal teeth of calyx acuminate to acute [obtuse to rounded in A. peduncularis ], and standard (lamina and claw) at least (2.2–) 2.4 cm long [usually less than 1.6(–1.8) cm long in A. peduncularis ].

Type:— Brazil. São Paulo: Atibaia, Pedra Grande , 7 May 1997 (fl, fr), J . L . A. Moreira 835 (holotype UEC, isotypes K, NY, RB) .

FIGURE 1. Ancistrotropis serrana . A. Habit. B. Fruits. C. Stipels. D. Calyx. E. Standard. F. Wing. G. Keel petals. H-I. Androecium. J. Gynoecium. K. Stigma. (Drawn from J. Cordeiro 1129, MBM). DRAWN BY ROSANE QUINTELLA.

Twining herb with sparse to dense indumentum composed of appressed to inclinate, straight, slender, flexible and basally swollen hairs; stipules 2.1–3.5 × 0.8–1.4 mm, ovate, lanceolate or rarely oblong, acute or rarely obtuse. Leaves trifoliolate, pilose, rarely glabrous; petiole (2.8–)3.4–8.1(–10) cm; rachis (0.7–)0.9–2.3(–2.7) cm; leaflets membranaceous to chartaceous, slightly lobed, ovate, lanceolate or trullate, apex acuminate to acute, rarely aristate, base truncate, margin entire, ciliate or non-ciliate, lateral leaflets 3.8–7.7 × (1.9–) 2.3–6.4 cm, asymmetric, terminal leaflet 4.3–8 × (1.5–) 2.6–6 cm. Inflorescence an axillary nodose pseudoraceme, pilose, rarely glabrescent; peduncle 8.5–28(–32.5) cm; rachis 2.1–16(–18) cm; bracts caducous. Calyx pilose externally, campanulate; teeth 4, the upper one (2.7–)3–4 × (7–) 7.4–7.9 mm, bifid, the lower one (2.6–)3.7–4.7 × (2.6–) 2.9–3.3 mm, widely deltate to triangular, acuminate to acute, the lateral ones (2.6–)3–3.9 × 2.7–3.4 mm, deltate, rarely curved, acuminate to acute. Corolla predominantly violet; standard asymmetric, lamina ca. 22 × 22.8–25.7 mm, the apex retuse, claw ca. 2.5–2.7 mm long, the lamina with two basal transverse appendages 3–4.2 × 1.8–2.2 mm, ending internally in a curved longitudinal callosity 2.4–4.2 × 0.5–0.9 mm, and externally in a hook-shaped auricle 0.4–0.8 × 0.6–0.7 mm; wings with lamina 22.6–27.3 × 17.5–20 mm, sculptured, claw 4.2–5.2 mm, auricle 1, (0.6–)0.9–1.8 × 2.9–4.2 mm, rounded or truncate, rarely with undulate margins; keel petals laterally incurved, claws 3.9–4.4 mm long; staminal tube 1.1 × 1.3–2.7 mm, with 2 auricles at 2.5 mm from the base, apex obtuse to undulate, symmetric or asymmetric; vexillary stamen gibbous at 2.5 mm from the base; ovary 10.2–11.2 × 0.8–0.9 mm, 13–14 ovulate; style prolonged beyond the point of insertion of the stigma; stigma lateral. Fruit linear, dehiscent, valves twisting, 6–10.3 cm, pilose or glabrescent; seeds 11–13, in lateral view transversely oblong, (3.8–)4.9–5.8 × 2–2.1(–2.8) mm and 1.5–2.1(2.5) mm thick, brown.

Distribution and ecology:—The new species is endemic to Brazil and is known from southern, southeastern, midwestern and northeastern of the country, in Distrito Federal and the states of Bahia, Espírito Santo, Goiás, Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro, Paraná and São Paulo ( Fig. 2 ). It grows in different habitats such as grasslands, “campo rupestre”, “restinga”, “cerrado” and gallery forest.

Conservation status:— Ancistrotropis serrana is here assessed as Least Concern (LC) according to the criteria B1 (extent of occurrence) and B2 (area of occupancy) of the IUCN Red List ( IUCN 2012). It is known from several collections, most of them in protected areas.

Phenology:—It has been collected in flower and fruit throughout the year.

Systematic position:—This species belongs to the genus Ancistrotropis because of the stipules without expansions, corolla violet, keel petals laterally incurved (S-form), style prolonged beyond the point of insertion of the stigma. It is morphologically similar to A. peduncularis ( kunth 1824:447–448) Delgado-Salinas (2011:1704) from which it differs by homomorphic leaflets, inflorescence rachis usually more than 4 cm long, up to 18 cm long, standard (lamina and claw) more than 2.5 cm long, with two conspicuous longitudinal callosities produced from the internal portion of the basal appendages.

Etymology:—The specific epithet alludes to mountain regions termed “serra” (Serras do Cabral, da Canastra, do Caraça, do Cipó, do Curral, do Esbarrancado, do Itabirito, do Japi, da Mutuca, da Piedade, de Ouro Branco, de Santana, São Luiz) where several specimens were collected.

Additional specimens examined (paratypes):— BRAZIL. Bahia: Lençóis, Mucugezinho , 22 July 2006 (fl, fr), Neves et al. 92 ( HUEFS) ; Mucugê , Chapada Diamantina, Serra do Esbarrancado , 15 September 2006 (fl, fr), Cardoso et al. 1379 ( HUEFS) ; Piatã , Cravadinha , Serra do Atalho , 5 July 1992 (fl), Ganev s.n. ( HUEFS 13725 ) . Distrito Federal: Brasília , ca. 10 km S of Brasília , 1100 m, 10 July 1976 (fl), Davis & Shepherd 60099 ( E) ; Reserva Ecológica do IBGE, 15 May 1978 (fl, fr), Heringer et al. 498 ( MO, NY) ; Reserva Ecológica do IBGE, 20 September 1983 (fl, fr), Pereira 779 ( VIC) ; in the area of the Córrego Cabeça de Veado , ca. 9.5 km SSE from Brasília TV Tower , 7 August 1976 (fl, fr), Ratter 3403 ( E, UEC) ; Brasilândia , Chapada da Contagem , ca. 20 km E of Brasília, 700–1000 m, 16 August 1964 (fl, fr), Irwin & Soderstrom 5196 ( B, F) . Espírito Santo: campos do Caparaó , 9 February 1890 (fl), Schwacke s.n. ( R 65091) . Vitória: Distrito de Vila Velha , Lagoa Vermelha , 4 February 1969 (fl), Sucre & Braga 4635 ( RB) . Goiás: Corumbá de Goiás, topo do pico dos Pireneus, Serra do Catingueiro , 6 km de Cocalzinho, 52°S, 30°W, 1380 m, 14 January 1981 (fl), Nogueira et al. 157 ( F, SP, UB) . Minas Gerais: Serra do Cipó, 50 km W of Morro do Pilar, on road to S. José de Almeida , 13 January 1959 (fl), Irwin 2443 ( F, R) ; ca. 18 km E of Diamantina , 1100 m, 19 March 1970 (fl), Irwin et al. 27889 ( F, GH, RB), Serra do Caraça , ca. 10 km W of Barão de Cocais, ca . 1400 m, 22 January 1971 (fl), Irwin et al. 28870 ( UB); Andradas, rodovia Andradas / Poços de Caldas , 17 May 1971 (fl, fr), Leitão Filho 1189 ( IAC) ; Belo Horizonte , Serra da Mutuca , BR 3 km 402, 18 June 1964 (fl, fr), Duarte 8115 ( RB) ; Serra do Curral , July 1949 (fl), Vidal s.n. ( R 131097 ) ; Caeté , Serra da Piedade , s.d., Warming 3097 ( C) ; Itabirito , Serra do Itabirito , ca. 55 km S. E. of Belo Horizonte , ca . 1500 m, 10 February 1968 (fl), Irwin et al. 19786 ( B, F, RB, SP, UB); Pico do Itabirito , 23 March 1994 (fl), Teixeira s.n. ( BHCB 23936 ) ; Jaboticatubas , 23 November 1995 (fl), Moreira et al. 469 ( UEC) ; Joaquim Felício , Serra do Cabral , 31 August 1995 (fl), Pirani et al. s.n. (SPF 39375, UEC 68356) ; Lagoa Santa, Serra do Espinhaço, ca. 30 km N of Serro on road ( MG 2 ) to Diamantina , 1200 m, 26 February 1968 (fl), Irwin et al. 20902 ( F, UB); s.d., Warming 3081 ( C) ; Ouro Branco, serra de Ouro Branco, 1 October 1988 (fl), Paiva s.n. ( BHCB 13921 ) ; 1 October 1988 (fl), Pereira s.n. ( BHCB 14152 ) ; Ouro preto, Pico do Itacolomi , ca. 3 km S of Ouro Preto, ca . 1750 m, 30 January 1971 (fl), Irwin et al. 29461 ( F, RB, UB); Poços de Caldas, mata do Retiro Branco , 2 December 1983 (fl), Martins 2150 ( UEC) ; 10 February 1984 (fl, fr), Martins & Rocha 2200 ( UEC) ; Santa Bárbara , 13 December 1978 (fl), Leitão Filho et al. 9615 ( BM) ; São Roque de Minas , PARNA Serra da Canastra , Chapadão do Diamante , 16 July 1995 (fl), Romero et al. 2469 ( HUFU, UEC) . Paraná: Between Itararé and Sengés , 10 December 1910 (fl, fr), Dusén 10942 ( S) ; Arapoti , Fazenda das Almas, 10 September 1960 (fl), G. Hatschbach 7244 ( MBM) ; Bocaiúva do Sul , 27 January 1970 (fl), Hatschbach & Guimarães 23415 ( C, MBM) ; Serra de Santana , 12 January 1994 (fl, fr), Cordeiro & Barbosa 1140 ( MBM) ; 28 April 1993 (fl), Poliquesi & Cordeiro 144 ( HUEFS) ; Serra da Bocaina , 16 January 2001 (fl), Ribas & Barbosa 3779 ( MBM) ; Estrada Bocaiúva do Sul – Tunas do Paraná BR476 , 16 May 1998 (fl), França & Melo 2535 ( HUEFS) ; Campo Magro, Morro da Palha , 22 January 2002 (fl), J. M. Silva et al 3557 ( MBM) ; Jaguariaíva, Vale do Codó , 13 July 2005 (fl) E. Barbosa et al. 1081 ( MBM) ; Rio Branco do Sul , Curiola , 12 March 1967 (fl), Hatschbach 16143 ( MBM) ; Itaperuçu , 8 August 1993 (fl) J. Cordeiro 1129 ( HUEFS, MBM) ; Itarerama , 22 November 1978 (fl), Hatschbach 41762 ( C, MBM) . Rio de Janeiro: Itatiaia , 6 March 1951 (fl), Bockermann 43 ( SP) ; Parque Nacional de Itatiaia , 16 April 1967 (fl, fr), Lindeman & Haas 5150 ( U) ; October 1913 (fl), Lutz 575 ( R) ; Nova Friburgo , Pedra do Cônico , 14 April 1895 (fl, fr), Ule s.n. ( R 66307) ; Rio de Janeiro, Jacarepaguá , via 11, 5 September 1972 (fl), Sucre 9581 ( RB) ; 27 June 1961 (fl, fr), Duarte 5865 ( RB) ; Pedra da Gávea, entre a praça da Bandeira e o Amplo da Caneca , 26 February 1977 (fl, fr), Carauta & Conceição 2333 ( RB) ; Pedra da Itaúna , 16 August 1975 (fl), Carijó 3 ( RB) ; 4 December 1978 (fl), Guimarães et al. 15 ( RB) ; Recreio dos Bandeirantes , 20 June 1946 (fl), Rosa 33 ( R) ; 21 August 1947 (fl, fr), Hans 163 ( R) ; 9 January 1949 (fl, fr), Palácios et al. 4089 ( R) ; 4 April 1964 (fl), W. Hoehne 5709 ( UEC) ; 14 July 1964 (fl, fr), W. Hoehne 5779 ( NY, UEC) ; Serra do Itatiaia , 1600 m, 5 January 1896 (fl, fr), Ule 608 ( R) ; 1850 m, 21 May 1902 (fl), Dusén 120 ( R) . São Paulo: Atibaia, fazenda Grota Funda , 14 September 1987 (fl), Tamashiro et al. 21271 ( UEC) ; Pedra Grande , October 1910 (fl), Duarte 221 ( SP) ; 3 June 1936 (fl, fr), Kuhlmann s.n. ( SP 35601 , UEC 69334) ; 6 September 1939 (fl), Gehrt s.n. ( SP 41646 , UEC 69337) ; 14 November 1995 (fl), Tozzi et al. 95-121 ( UEC) ; Caieiras , 22 August 1945 (fl, fr), F. Hoehne s.n. ( UEC 68364) ; Cunha , 7 March 1939 (fl, fr), Kiehl & Normanha s.n. ( IAC 3503 , SP 41902 , UEC 69335) ; Itararé , 26 April 1911 (fl), Dusén s.n. ( S) ; Jundiaí, Serra do Japi , 22 September 1983 (fl, fr), Chiea 336 ( SP) ; 22 September 1983 (fl), Sugiyama & Chiea 15558 ( UEC) ; São José do Barreiro, campos da Bocaina , 29 May 1958 (fl), Kuhlmann 4411 ( SP) ; São Paulo, Butantã , 17 March 1919 (fl), F. Hoehne s.n. ( SP 3074 ) ; Reserva Florestal da Bocaina , 7 May 1968 (fl, fr), Sucre et al. 2938 ( RB) .

Figures

FIGURE 2. Distribution map of Ancistrotropis serrana (BA = Bahia; DF = Distrito Federal; ES = Espírito Santo; GO = Goiás; MG = Minas Gerais; MS = Mato Grosso do Sul; MT = Mato Grosso; PR = Paraná; RJ = Rio de Janeiro; SP = São Paulo; TO = Tocantins).