Zygoneura (Pharetratula) bidens ( Mamaev, 1968 )

Shah, Bismillah, Shao, Yisa, Du, Hong, Wang, Yang & Huang, Junhao, 2024, Taxonomy and DNA barcoding of the dark-winged fungus gnat genus Zygoneura Meigen (Diptera: Sciaridae) from China, with revision of the type materials, Zootaxa 5496 (3), pp. 377-400 : 384-385

Zygoneura (Pharetratula) bidens ( Mamaev, 1968)

( Figs 4A–C )

Pharetratula bidens Mamaev, 1968 [ Mamaev (1968): 610; Mamaev (1976): 138; Gerbachevskaya-Pavluchenko (1986): 56; Menzel & Mohrig (1997): 62; Yagi & Sawada (2000): 36].

Pharetratula sinica Zhang & Yang, 1990 [ Zhang & Yang (1990): 267].

Zygoneura (Pharetratula) bidens ( Mamaev, 1968) [ Menzel & Mohrig (2000): 585; Zhang et al. (2010): 42 ; Shin et al. (2014): 563; Huang et al. (2020): 360].

Material examined. 1♂, China, Inner Mongolia, Zhuozi, Baoan Linchang , 40°48’35.25’’ N, 112°16’51.11’’ E, 30.VIII.1987, leg. Chi-kun Yang [ ZAFUBS001 ] .

Remarks. Zhang & Yang (1990) identified Pharetratula sinica for the first and only time from China. Later, Menzel & Mohrig (2000) synonymized this species with Z. (Pharetratula) bidens (Mamaev) . The holotype of this species is in a very poor condition, making it difficult to identify ( Figs 4A–C ). However, the figure plates provided by Zhang & Yang (1990) show that the apex of gonostylus in this species is highly curved, hook-like as compared to the oval, faintly curved gonostylus of Z. bidens ( Zhang & Yang 1990: 268, Fig. 1E ). Therefore, we assume that this can be a different species. For the moment, we still regard this morphological difference as intraspecific variability and continue to treat Pharetratula sinica Zhang & Yang as a junior synonym of Z. (Pharetratula) bidens (Mamaev) until additional morphologically identical specimens are discovered.

Distribution. China: Inner Mongolia ( Zhang & Yang 1990; Zhang et al. 2010), Korea ( Shin et al. 2014), Russia ( Mamaev 1968).

Figures

FIGURE 1. Wing photograph of Zygoneura (Pharetratula) subdivergens (Mohrig & Mamaev) with vein nomenclature indicated. Abbreviations of veins, bM: base of vein M; Sc: subcostal vein; R: radius (radial vein); r-m: radial medial cross vein; Rs: radial sector; stM: fused first and second branch of media; R1: anterior branch of radius; C: costal vein; R 4+5: third branch of radius; c: distance between apex of R 4+5 and end of costal vein; w: distance between apex of R 4+5 and apex of M1; M1: first branch of media; M2: second branch of media; CuA1: first branch of anterior cubital vein; CuA2: second branch of anterior; an lb: anal lobe; stem CuA: fused first and second branch of anterior cubital vein.

FIGURE 4. Zygoneura (Pharetratula) bidens (Mamaev). i: slide, front side; ii: slide, flip side; A: habitus, lateral view; B: hypopygium, ventral view; C: antennal flagellomere.