Plusiocampa (Plusiocampa) hoffmanni Sendra & Paragamian, 2020

Sendra, Alberto, Antić, Dragan, Barranco, Pablo, Borko, Špela, Christian, Erhard, Delić, Teo, Fadrique, Floren, Faille, Arnaud, Galli, Loris, Gasparo, Fulvio, Georgiev, Dilian, Giachino, Pier Mauro, Kovac, L'ubomír, Lukić, Marko, Marcia, Paolo, Miculinić, Kazimir, Nicolosi, Giuseppe, Palero, Ferran, Paragamian, Kaloust, Pérez, Toni, Polak, Slavko, Prieto, Carlos E., Turbanov, Ilya, Vailati, Dante & Reboleira, Ana Sofia P. S., 2020, Flourishing in subterranean ecosystems: Euro-Mediterranean Plusiocampinae and tachycampoids (Diplura, Campodeidae), European Journal of Taxonomy 591, pp. 1-138 : 54-62

publication ID	https://doi.org/ 10.5852/ejt.2020.591
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:5CB610DA-F9C9-4213-80E8-8A8901895A18
DOI	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3663903
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/7C4D40A0-3013-48A3-B3DF-529E78F99DDC
taxon LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:act:7C4D40A0-3013-48A3-B3DF-529E78F99DDC
treatment provided by	Plazi
scientific name	Plusiocampa (Plusiocampa) hoffmanni Sendra & Paragamian
status	sp. nov.

Treatment

Plusiocampa (Plusiocampa) hoffmanni Sendra & Paragamian sp. nov.

urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:7C4D40A0-3013-48A3-B3DF-529E78F99DDC

Figs 59–94 View Figs 59–64 View Figs 65–66 View Figs 67–70 View Figs 71–76 View Figs 77–82 View Figs 83–88 View Figs 89–94 , 204 View Figs 202–204. 202 ; Tables 6–8 View Table 6 View Table 7 View Table 8

Etymology

This species is named in honour of Luc Hoffmann (1923–2016), an extraordinary man, a naturalist and philanthropist, who helped create many international conservation organisations and supported conservation research and actions in the Mediterranean and elsewhere.

Material examined

Holotype

GREECE • ♀; Crete, Marathos nomos Iraklion, Spilaio Doxa (n. 1065); 490 m a.s.l.; 11 May 2005; Fulvio Gasparo leg.; MZB.

Paratypes

GREECE – Crete • 2 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀; same collection data as for holotype but 2 Jun. 2002; Coll. AS • 1 ♀; Zoniana nomos Rethymon, Spilaio Sfento Trypa (n. 701); 630 m a.s.l.; 11 Apr. 2003; Kaloust Paragamian leg.; Coll. AS • 6 ♀♀; Krousonas , Malevizi , Krousaniotiko Livadi , Varathro Stou Bokon ton Poro; 1Jul. 1990; Kaloust Paragamian leg.; Coll. AS • 1 ♀; Mylopotamos , Livadia, Varathro Sipouli; 24 Mar. 1990; Kaloust Paragamian leg.; Coll. AS • 1 ♂, 2 ♀♀; Malevizi , Gonies, Varathro Psistraki; 20 Nov. 2005; Kaloust Paragamian and S. Paragamian leg.; Coll. AS .

Description

BODY. Body length: 4.8 mm (juvenile), 4.7 and 5.4 mm (males from Spilio Doxa), 5.9 and 6.4 mm (females from Spilio Doxa), and 7.4 mm (male from Sfentoni Trypa). Epicuticle smooth under optical microscope, but reticulate at high magnification ( Figs 68–69 View Figs 67–70 ); body with thin, long clothing, smooth or with a few thin distal barbs on dorsal side and well barbed on ventral side, legs and urosternal appendages.

HEAD. Antennae with 44–53 antennomeres; central antennomeres 2.5–3× as long as wide, apical antennomere 2.5× as long as wide ( Fig. 61 View Figs 59–64 ). Large cupuliform organ occupying ¼ of total length of apical antennomere, with 8–10 complex olfactory chemoreceptors ( Figs 59–60 View Figs 59–64 ). Small coniform sensillum of third antennomere located in ventral position between c and d macrosetae. Thin and long gouge sensilla, 38–50 µm long, in a single distal whorl of 10–14 sensilla on each medial and distal antennomere ( Figs 62–64 View Figs 59–64 ). Protruding frontal process with tubercular setae and macrosetae with thin barbs. Three macrosetae along line of insertion of antennomere and x setae relatively long, covered from distal third to fourth ( Figs 65–66 View Figs 65–66 ).

THORAX. Thoracic macrosetal distribution ( Fig. 67 View Figs 67–70 ): pronotum with 1+1 ma, 4+4 la 1,2,3,4, 2+2 lp 2,3; mesonotum with 1+1 ma, 3+3 la 1,2,3, 2+2 lp 2,3, 1+1 mp; metanotum with 1+1 ma, 0+0, 0+1, 1+1, 1+2 la or 0+1, 1+1 sla, 2+2 lp 2,3, 1+1 mp. All medial posterior macrosetae in a forward position. All long, thin notal macrosetae with very thin barbs along distal third or half; marginal setae longer than clothing setae, covered by a few thin distal barbs. Legs elongated, metathoracic legs overpassing end of abdomen at beginning of tarsus. Tibia longest part of leg, 1.11–1.30× as long as tarsus and 1.21–1.37× as long as femur ( Table 7 View Table 7 ). Ratios between lengths of tibia, tarsus and femur seem more or less fixed ( Table 7 View Table 7 ). Femora II–III with one long, thin dorsal macroseta and one shorter ventral macroseta. Tibiae I–III with two or three ventral macrosetae surrounded by thin, short barbs. Calcars surrounded from base almost to tip by thin, short barbs. Metatarsus with a pseudo-articulation on distal third. Typical double rows of thick, completely barbed setae along ventral side of tarsus. Dorsal and lateral subapical tarsal setae completely covered by thin barbs nearly from base almost to tip. Subequal to slightly unequal claws (posterior claw 1.05–1.15× as long as anterior one), with large lateral crests well developed on posterior claw prolongated backwards. Ventral side of claws with longitudinal ridges separated by a surface of micro-hemispherical structures. Pretarsal processes setiform, with abundant, very short proximal barbs ( Figs 71–82 View Figs 71–76 View Figs 77–82 ).

ABDOMEN. Distribution of abdominal macrosetae on tergites: 1+1 post 1 on I–II; 1+1–0+0 la, 1+1 post 1 on III; 1+1 la, 3+3–4+4 post 1,2,4,5 on IV; 1+1 la, 5+5 post 1–5 on V–VII, 7+7 post on VIII; 8+8–9+9 post on abdominal segment IX. Urosternite I with 7+7–9+9, urosternites II–VII with 5+5–7+7, urosternite VIII with 2+2 macrosetae; all urosternal macrosetae robust, large, covered by long barbs along distal half to four-fifths ( Figs 87–88 View Figs 83–88 ). Stylus with subapical setae longer and more barbated, in fact completely surrounded by short, abundant barbs, more numerous on apical and ventromedial setae ( Figs 92–93 View Figs 89–94 ); large eversible vesicles ( Figs 92, 94 View Figs 89–94 ). Two complete cerci, 2.37 and 1.71× as long as body; this ratio higher in an incomplete 14.50 mm long cercus of 5.4 mm long male ( Table 8 View Table 8 ); up to 11 articles, covered with numerous disorganized, long, thin macrosetae with thin barbs along distal half, in addition to a distal whorl of longer, thicker macrosetae on each article plus an apical whorl of barbed, thin, short clothing setae ( Fig. 70 View Figs 67–70 ).

SECONDARY SEX CHARACTERS. Female urosternite I with subcylindrical appendages, each bearing up to 18 glandular a 1 setae in a distal area ( Figs 89–91 View Figs 89–94 ). Male urosternite I ( Figs 83–86 View Figs 83–88 ) with a posterior area of up to 160 glandular g 1 setae in larger male from Sfedoni Trypa (absent in smaller male); with thick, large, subcylindrical appendages, much thicker than female appendages, each bearing up to 100 glandular a 1 setae in a large distal area in two largest adults. Spermatozoid fascicles with a thick spiral filament.

Phyletic affinities, habitat and distribution

The presence of medial posterior macrosetae on the mesonotum and metanotum relates P. (P.) hoffmanni sp. nov. to almost half of the species in the subgenus Plusiocampa , all living in the European region, including most of the Mediterranean islands. Among them, P (P) festae is probably the closest related species due to the distribution pattern of their notal macrosetae; in spite of the fact that both species live in Crete ( Condé 1984a; Silvestri 1933a), they occupy different habitats, P. (P.) hoffmanni sp. nov. in deep subterranean habitats, P. (P.) festae in soil and subterranean superficial habitats. In addition to this ecological difference, there are several important features that allow them to be separated. Plusiocampa (P.) hoffmanni sp. nov. has troglomorphic traits, with longer appendages than P. (P.) festae and more antennomeres and cercal articles, with more complex and more numerous olfactory chemoreceptors within the cupuliform organ. In P. (P.) hoffmanni sp. nov., the claws are slightly unequal to subequal, but with large lateral crests and a backward prolongation of the posterior claws. Additionally, P. (P.) hoffmanni sp. nov. shows a protruding frontal process covered by tuberculated setae, 8+8 macrosetae on the first urosternite and 6+6 on the second to seventh urosternites. Some of these features also separate P. (P.) hoffmanni sp. nov. from P. (P.) rybaki , a poorly described troglomorphic species from the southern Balkan Peninsula ( Condé 1956). Plusiocampa (P.) hoffmanni sp. nov. has been collected from the deep zone of 14 caves in the numerous karst areas of Crete ( Fig. 204 View Figs 202–204. 202 ).