Paraborniella Freeman, 1961

Cranston, Peter S., 2020, Life histories of Paucispinigera Freeman, Paraborniella Freeman and Paratendipes Kieffer (Diptera: Chironomidae) with phylogenetic considerations, Zootaxa 4853 (4), pp. 527-547 : 534

Paraborniella Freeman

( Figs 4–6 )

Paraborniella Freeman 1961: 717 .

Type species: Paraborniella tonnoiri Freeman, 1961: 717 , by original designation and monotypy.

Generic diagnosis. Male and female adults, as keyed by Freeman (1961), with unarmed fore-tibial apex, acrostichals in near double row starting from the front, mid- and hind-tibial combs separated, pulvilli absent and male genitalia with median volsella [as appendage 2a] ( Fig. 4E ). Freeman (1961) added this to the solitary spur on the posterior tibia to distinguish from similar genera ( Paucispinigera was not included).

Pupa ( Fig. 6 A–E). Cephalic area with frontal setae on well-developed tubercles. Thorax with 4 or 6 branched thoracic horn. Abdomen with large pedes spurii B on TII; with well-developed rectangular spinule areas on TII-V, somewhat hourglass–shaped spinule patch on TVI; no separated distinct band of stronger spinules on any segment; T1, VII, VIII with weak anterior spinulation. Hook row of TII with short median division by median hook–free discontinuity. Conjunctives IV with broad transverse spinule band narrowly separated from more anterior spinule area. All pleurae bare. L setae taeniate on V–VIII, 4, 4, 4, 4. Anal lobe with uni- biserial fringe and dorsal seta. Posterolateral corner of VIII with 8–12 modestly-developed spines forming diffuse ‘comb’.

Larva ( Fig. 6 E–I). Dorsal head with anteriorly-flared frontoclypeus with S3 seta on sclerite posterior to convex margin, labral sclerites highly fragmentary bearing S2 seta, labrum distinct with SI seta lying at midlateral margin. Antenna 6-segmented with Lauterborn organs located on apices of 2nd and 3rd segments. Labral SI on separated bases, broadly plumose; SII serrate on inner subapical margin, arising from well separated short tubercles. Pecten epipharyngis of three lobes each with 4–5 rounded teeth. Premandible with 2 teeth, with strong brush. Mandible with short pale dorsal tooth, larger rounded apical tooth and 2 inner teeth. Pecten mandibularis with 6–7 branches. Seta subdentalis well developed, reaching 2nd inner tooth. Mola smooth, inner margin with 1 weak spine. Seta interna densely plumose. Mentum with distinct ventromental component either with midmentum of 4, uneven-sized, slightly paler teeth and dorsomentum with first compound pair of large and small tooth and 4 darker teeth, or with 8 middle teeth of midmentum delimited as a ventromentum including part or all of the compound-paired teeth, with 4 dorsomental teeth. Ventromental plate fan-shaped, striae straight, narrow, numerous uniformly across plate.

Figures

FIGURE 4. Paraborniella tonnoiri Freeman, male. A. Wing; B. Antennal apex; C. Foretibial apex; D. Hind tibial inner comb; E. Male hypopygium (from Freeman 1961); F. Left side hypopygium, dorsal view; G. ventral view, right side (stylised); H. Superior volsella (dorsal); I. Median volsella.

FIGURE 5. Paraborniella tonnoiri Freeman, female. A. Antenna; B. Abdomen, dorsal; C. somewhat stylised ventral genitalia.

FIGURE 6. Paraborniella tonnoiri Freeman, pupa.A. Cephalic area; B. Abdomen, tergites; C. Sternite IV; D. Posterior of VIII (‘comb’). Larva: E. Anterior dorsal head; F. Antenna; G. Labrum; H. Mandible; I. Mentum and ventromental plates.