Polyschides wareni, Scarabino, 2008

Scarabino, Victor, 2008, New species and new records of scaphopods from New Caledonia, Mémoires du Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle 196, pp. 215-268 : 253-255

Polyschides wareni n. sp.

Figs 3e, 4b, 5c-d

TYPE MATERIAL. — Holotype (lv) MNHN 20109 and 8 paratypes (4 lv, 4 dd) MNHN 20110-20111 .

TYPE LOCALITY. — New Caledonia, Chenal au nord-est du Banc de Touho , 20°44’S 165°11’E, 25-28 m [EXPÉDITION MONTROUZIER: stn 1257] .

MATERIAL EXAMINED. — New Caledonia proper. Touho. MNHN 20110 ); stn 1260, 20°44’S, 165°14’E, 49-59 m, 3 lv, 5 EXPÉDITION MONTROUZIER: stn 1257, 20°44’S, 165°11’E, dd (4 paratypes MNHN 20111 ); stn 1275, 20°49’S, 165°17’E, 25-28 m, 2 lv, 3 dd (holotype MNHN 20109 and 4 paratypes 50-62 m, 5 dd.

DISTRIBUTION. — East coast of New Caledonia: Touho, live in 28-49 m.

DESCRIPTION. — Shell up to 8 mm long, translucent, shiny, smooth. Maximum diameter at anterior 1/3 of shell, tapering to anterior aperture. Apex wide, slightly dorsoventrally compressed, with 4 notches creating 4 high lobes. Dorsal and ventral lobes each bear a shallow notch, deeper on the dorsal side than the ventral side. Preapical callus prominent, lumen circular. Oral aperture circular, slightly oblique.

Measurements of holotype: L 8, W 1.2, mouth 0.9, w 0.5.

FIG. 4. a, Pulsellum stoliczkai n. sp., holotype MNHN 20102 (6 mm), New Caledonia, BATHUS 4 stn DW 883, shell, apex and oral sections. b, Polyschides wareni n. sp., holotype MNHN 20109 (8 mm), New Caledonia, EXPÉDITION MONTROUZIER stn 1257, shell, apex details and apex section. c, Polyschides cayrei n. sp., holotype MNHN 20106 (12 mm), New Caledonia,EXPÉDITION MONTROUZIER stn 1313,shell and apex section. d, Dischides montrouzieri n. sp., holotype MNHN 20117 (8.4 mm), New Caledonia, EXPÉDITION MONTROUZIER stn 1255, shell, apex and oral sections. e, Dischides celeciai n. sp., holotype MNHN 20115 (7.4 mm), New Caledonia, BATHUS 4 stn DW 941, shell, and apex details. f, Dischides belenae n. sp., holotype MNHN 20112 (5.1 mm), New Caledonia, EXPÉDITION MONTROUZIER stn 1345, shell, apex detail, apex and oral sections. g, Cadulus rocroii n. sp., holotype MNHN 20137 (3 mm), New Caledonia,BATHUS 1 stn DE 705, shell, apex and oral sections. h, Cadulus deverdensis n. sp., holotype MNHN 20123 (4.2 mm), New Caledonia,EXPÉDITION MONTROUZIER stn 1321, shell, apex and oral sections. i, Cadulus deschampsi n. sp., holotype MNHN 20120 (5.7 mm), Norfolk Ridge, BATHUS 3 stn DW 824,shell,apex and oral sections. j, Cadulus loyaltyensis n. sp., holotype MNHN 20132 (2.53 mm), Loyalty Ridge,BATHUS 3 stn DW 790,shell,apex and oral sections. k, Gadila hysteraulax n. sp., holotype MNHN 20143 (4.1 mm), New Caledonia, BATHUS 2 stn DW 754, shell, apex detail, apex and oral sections. l, Gadila lozoueti n. sp., holotype MNHN 20146 (3.6 mm), Norfolk Ridge, SMIB 8 stns DW 146-147, shell, apex and oral sections. m, Gadila delphinae n. sp., holotype MNHN 20142 (11.2 mm), New Caledonia, BATHUS 2 stn DW 739. n, Gen.sp. indet MNHN (3.2 mm), New Caledonia, BATHUS 2 stn DW 715, shell and apex details. o, Compressidens hienghenensis n. sp., holotype MNHN 20155 (5 mm), New Caledonia,BATHUS 1 stn DW 696,shell,apex and oral sections. p, Compressidens (?) caecum n. sp., holotype MNHN 20152 (3.9 mm), Norfolk Ridge, BIOCAL stn DW 44, shell, apex detail, apex and oral sections.

FIG. 5. a, Omniglypta cerina (Pilsbry, 1905) , off Taiwan, TAIWAN 2000 stn CP 61, rachidial and lateral teeth. b, Calliodentalium crocinum (Dall, 1907) , New Caledonia,BATHUS 4 stn DW 898,subrachidial,rachidial,lateral and marginal teeth. c, d, Polyschides wareni n. sp., holotype MNHN 20109,New Caledonia, EXPÉDITION MONTROUZIER stn 1257, radulae. e, Polyschides cayrei n. sp., paratype MNHN 20107, New Caledonia, EXPÉDITION MONTROUZIER stn 1313, radula.

REMARKS. — Polyschides wareni most closely resembles P. fausta Kuroda & Habe, 1971 , but the former is slender and tapers rapidly to the posterior aperture, and has a narrower apex. Compared with P. cayrei , descibed above, the present species is shorter, less curved, wider, the apical callous thicker, and the apical section not circular.

ETYMOLOGY. — Named in honour of Anders Warén (SMNH) for his continuous contribution to the MNHN and IRD Expeditions in the West Pacific Ocean.

GENERAL REMARKS on Polyschides . — These two new species represent the first records of Polyschides for New Caledonia. Polyschides species are small to medium in size, with the maximum diameter located about 1/3 of the length from the aperture or in the mouth area. The main shell character is the detail of the apex, which has 4 deep notches and 4 lobes, 2 lateral, 1 dorsal and 1 ventral; the dorsal and ventral lobes can be sharp or may each have a shallow notch. The rachidian teeth are subpyramidal, with the anterior border smooth and lateral sides broad; lateral teeth have 3 sharp cusps on their inner surface and a pronounced keel to their base; marginals are short and irregular (Figs 5c-d). The other genus with a similar radula is Dischides , with which Polyschides shares its general shell outline, but the former has only 2 apical notches, and consequently 2 lobes, one dorsal and the other ventral. Most species of both genera seem to prefer shallow water.

I am currently revising the gadilid fauna of the tropical Pacific and suggest that among the nine species currently included in Polyschides for the region, only four should be assigned to this genus. These are: Polyschides arnaudi Scarabino, 1995 ( Madagascar, Réunion, 40-980 m), P. pelamidae Chistikov, 1979 ( Vietnam to Indonesia, 31-150 m), P. fausta Kuroda & Habe, 1971 ( Japan, 50-100 m), and P. sakuraii Kuroda & Habe in Habe, 1961 ( Japan, 100-1400 m). The other five species should be treated as follows: Gadila andersoni (Lamprell & Healy, 1998) (southeastern Australia, 153- 1555 m), G. gibbosa (Verco, 1911) ( Australia, 17-2780 m, depth range probably erroneous), G. kaiyomaruae (Okutani, 1975) (northwest Pacific, 6200 m), G. vietnamica (Chistikov, 1979) ( Indonesia, China, Vietnam, Philippines, Borneo, 8-13 m), Siphonodentalium sutherlandi (Lamprell & Healy, 1998) (northern and eastern Australia, 243-1764 m).