Paracacoxenus macai, Bächli & Vilela, 2020

Baechli, Gerhard & Vilela, Carlos R., 2020, On the identity of Paracacoxenus kaszabi Okada, with the formal description of a new closely related species (Diptera, Drosophilidae), Alpine Entomology 4, pp. 1-20 : 1

Paracacoxenus macai sp. nov.

Figures 23-28 , 29-34 , 35-38 , 39-45 , 46-48 , 49-55 , 56-59

Cacoxenus kaszabi (Okada, 1973): Máca and Barták (2001: 431) [distribution; misidentification].

Paracacoxenus kaszabi Okada, 1973: Máca (1980: 33) [description; misidentification]; Laštovka & Máca (1987: 218) [distribution; misidentification].

Cacoxenus (Paracacoxenus) kaszabi (Okada, 1973): Máca and Laštovka (1985: 282) [distribution; misidentification]; Máca and Laštovka (1986: 111) [distribution; misidentification]; Máca (1997: 86) [distribution; misidentification]; Máca (2009: 2) [distribution; misidentification].

Cacoxenus sp. nov. - Bächli (2008: 164) [distribution].

Paracacoxenus sp. aff. kaszabi sp. nov. - Bächli and Vilela (2011: 129) [description].

Type locality.

ITALY: Region of Trentino-Alto Adige [South Tirol], Province of Bolzano, Parco Nazionale dello Stelvio, Schmelz [46°36′42′′N, 10°34′36′′E], 940 m.

Type material.

Holotype, ♂. ITALY: labelled "Schmelz 940 m 2 / 31.V.-11.VI.2005 / Lange & Ziegler leg. // ITALY: Trentino / Prov. Bolzano / P. N. [Parco Nazionale] dello Stelvio // ♂ // [abdomen in plastic tube filled with glycerin and attached to the pin] // HOLOTYPE [large red label] // terminalia / illustrated and / photographed // Paracacoxenus / sp. aff. kaszabi sp. nov. / Bächli & Vilela det. / 2007 // 700697 [ZMUZ code] // Paracacoxenus / macai sp. nov. / Bächli & Vilela det. 2017" (ZMB). Paratypes, 9 ♂♂ 3 ♀♀. ITALY: 1 ♂, labelled "Schmelz 940 m 2 / 31.V.-11.VI.2005 2 / Lange & Ziegler leg. // ITALY: Trentino / Prov. Bolzano / P. N. [Parco Nazionale] dello Stelvio // ♂ // PARATYPE [large red label] \ Paracacoxenus / sp. aff. kaszabi sp. nov. / Bächli & Vilela det. / 2011 // 700698 [ZMUZ code] // Paracacoxenus / macai sp. nov. / Bächli & Vilela det. 2017" (ZMB). 2 ♂♂, labelled "Schmelz 940 m 4 / 27.VI.-4.VII.2005 4 / Lange & Ziegler leg. // ITALY: Trentino / Prov. Bolzano / P. N. [Parco Nazionale] dello Stelvio // ♂ // PARATYPE [large red label] // Paracacoxenus / sp. aff. kaszabi sp. nov. / Bächli & Vilela det. / 2011 // 700702 [resp. 700703, ZMUZ codes] // Paracacoxenus / macai sp. nov. / Bächli & Vilela det. 2017" (ZMB). [700703 was photomicrographed [Figs 23-28 ] in the present paper]. 1 ♂, labelled "Schmelz 940 m 5 / 4.-13.VII.2005 5 / Lange & Ziegler leg. // ITALY: Trentino / Prov. Bolzano / P. N. [Parco Nazionale] dello Stelvio // ♂ // PARATYPE [large red label] // Paracacoxenus / sp. aff. kaszabi sp. nov. / Bächli & Vilela det. / 2011 // 700704 [ZMUZ code] / Paracacoxenus / macai sp. nov. / Bächli & Vilela det. 2017" (ZMB). 1 ♂, labelled "Schmelz 940 m 6 / 13.-25.VII.2005 6 / Lange & Ziegler leg. // ITALY: Trentino / Prov. Bolzano / P. N. [Parco Nazionale] dello Stelvio // ♂ // PARATYPE [large red label] // Paracacoxenus / sp. aff. kaszabi sp. nov. / Bächli & Vilela det. / 2011 // 700705 [ZMUZ code] // Paracacoxenus / macai sp. nov. / Bächli & Vilela det. 2017" (ZMB). 3 ♂♂, labelled "Schmelz 940 m 2 / 31.V.-11.VI.2005 2 / Lange & Ziegler leg. // ITALY: Trentino / Prov. Bolzano / P. N. [Parco Nazionale] dello Stelvio // ♂ // PARATYPE [large red label] // Paracacoxenus / sp. aff. kaszabi sp. nov. / Bächli & Vilela det. / 2011 // 700699 [resp. 700700, 700701, ZMUZ codes] // Paracacoxenus / macai sp. nov. / Bächli & Vilela det. 2017" (ZMUZ). 1 ♂, labelled "Schmelz 940 m 7 / 25.VII.-1.VIII.2005 7 / Lange & Ziegler leg. // ITALY: Trentino / Prov. Bolzano / P. N. [Parco Nazionale] dello Stelvio // ♂ // PARATYPE [large red label] // Paracacoxenus / sp. aff. kaszabi sp. nov. / Bächli & Vilela det. / 2011 // 700706 [ZMUZ code] // Paracacoxenus / macai sp. nov. / Bächli & Vilela det. 2017" (ZMUZ). 1 ♀, labelled "Schmelz 940 m 1 / 21.-31.V.2005 1 / Lange & Ziegler leg. // ITALY: Trentino / Prov. Bolzano / P. N. [Parco Nazionale] dello Stelvio // ♀ // Paracacoxenus / sp. aff. kaszabi sp. nov. / Bächli & Vilela det. / 2011 // 700707 [ZMUZ code] // PARATYPE [large red label] // Paracacoxenus / macai sp. nov. / Bächli & Vilela det. 2017" (ZMB). 1 ♀, labelled "Schmelz 940 m 8 / 1.-8.VIII.2005 / Lange & Ziegler leg. // ITALY: Trentino / Prov. Bolzano / P. N. [Parco Nazionale] dello Stelvio // ♀ // PARATYPE [large red label] // Cacoxenus / sp. aff. kaszabi sp. nov. / Bächli & Vilela det. / 2011 // 700708 [ZMUZ code] // Paracacoxenus / macai sp. nov. / Bächli & Vilela det. 2017" (ZMUZ). SWITZERLAND: 1 ♀, labelled "Helv. ZH 650 m / Zürich-Zürichberg [47°22′N, 8°34′E] / 12.V.1998 / leg. B. MERZ // ♀ // Cacoxenus / exiguus D. / G. Bächli det. // PARATYPE [large red label] // Paracacoxenus / sp. aff. kaszabi sp. nov. / Bächli & Vilela det. / 2007" (MHNG).

Additional paratypes: 22 ♂♂; see Bächli and Vilela 2011 (ZMB).

Other specimens examined: CZECH REPUBLIC: 1 ♂, labelled "Bohemia mer. / Soběslav-okolí [49°16′N, 14°43′E]/ Jan Máca lgt. / Brachov - 20.5.99 [handwritten] // Paracacoxenus / macai sp. nov. / Bächli & Vilela det. 2017 // ♂" (PCJM) [Figs 29 - 38 ]. 1 ♂, labelled "Bohemia mer. / Soběslav-okolí / Jan Máca lgt. / 17.6.75 Žíšov [handwritten] // Paracacoxenus / macai sp. nov. / Bächli & Vilela det. 2017 // ♂" (PCJM) [Figs 39 - 48 ]. 1 ♂, labelled "Bohemia mer. / Soběslav-okolí / Jan Máca lgt. / 14 [17?].6.75 [handwritten] // ♂ Paracacoxenus [handwritten] // Paracacoxenus / macai sp. nov. / Bächli & Vilela det. 2017 // ♂" (PCJM) [Figs 49 - 59 ].

Diagnosis.

See Bächli and Vilela (2011: 129) (under ' Paracacoxenus sp. aff. kaszabi sp. nov.'). Analysis of some male terminalia sclerites is required to tell this species apart from Paracacoxenus kaszabi . They are as follows: cerci wide and setose ( Bächli and Vilela 2011: 127 [Fig. 9A ]), aedeagus triangle-shaped in dorsal and ventral views ( Bächli and Vilela 2011: 135 [Fig. 14E ]), conspicuous heptabranched and strongly sclerotized inner paraphyses (Figs 33 , 37 , 38 , 48 ), and gonopods conspicuously warty ( Bächli and Vilela 2011: 129 [Fig. 10A ]).

Description and illustrations.

See Bächli and Vilela (2011: 129) (under the name ' Paracacoxenus sp. aff. kaszabi sp. nov.').

Complementary redescription.

The photomicrographs of the habitus of a male paratype (Figs 23-28 ) presented in this paper are intended to complement the original description of this species ( Bächli and Vilela 2011). Three analysed male specimens from South Bohemia (PCJM) cited above were illustrated (Figs 29 - 59 ) for the purposes of geographical distribution only, as they represent new records, and they are not considered as belonging to the type series of Paracacoxenus macai sp. nov.

Etymology.

Epithet: a genitive patronym to honour of our colleague Dr Jan Máca who first detected this species in Europe (Czech Republic).

Distribution.

Italy: Bächli and Vilela (2011: 131). Switzerland: Bächli and Vilela (2011: 131). Czech Republic (misidentified as P. kaszabi ): Máca (1980: 331): Veselí nad Lužnicí (South Bohemia); Máca and Barták (2001: 438): Bílina, Duchcov (northwestern Bohemia). Slovakia (localities not mentioned) (misidentified as P. kaszabi ): Máca and Laštovka (1985: 270); Máca and Laštovka (1986: 111); Laštovka and Máca (1987: 218); Máca (1997: 96).

Figures

Figures 23 - 28. Paracacoxenus macai sp. nov., ♂ paratype # 277, Schmelz (940 m), Trentino, Bolzano, Parco Nazionale dello Stelvio, Italy, 24. VI. - 4. VII. 2005, Lange and Ziegler leg. (ZMB) 23 Habitus, left lateral view 24 Habitus, oblique dorsal view 25 Habitus, dorsal view 26 Abdomen, dorsal view 27 Head and thorax, close-up, left lateral view 28 Abdomen and terminalia close-up, left lateral view. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (27, 28); 1.0 mm (23 - 26).

Figures 29 - 34. Paracacoxenus macai sp. nov., ♂ non-type specimen, Bohemia mer., Sobeslav-okoli, Czech Republic, 20.05.1999, J. Maca leg. (PCJM) 29 Habitus, left lateral view 30 Habitus, oblique dorsal view 31 Habitus, dorsal view 32 Abdomen, dorsal view: 33 Abdomen close-up, left lateral view [note partially extruded aedeagus and distal branch of inner paraphysis: compare with Baechli and Vilela (2011): p. 130, fig. 11 A] 34 Terminalia close-up, posterior view. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (33, 34); 1.0 mm (29 - 32).

Figures 35 - 38. Paracacoxenus macai sp. nov., ♂ non-type specimen, Bohemia mer., Sobeslav-okoli, Czech Republic, 20.05.1999, J. Maca leg. (PCJM) 35 Terminalia, left lateral view (in-focus: all sclerites, including ejaculatory apodeme) 36 Terminalia, dorsal view (in-focus: epandrium, surstyli, cerci and ejaculatory apodeme [lateral view]) 37 Terminalia, dorsal view (in focus: aedeagus, distal section of decasternum, inner paraphyses, aedeagal apodeme and ejaculatory apodeme [lateral view]) 38 Terminalia, dorsal view (in focus: outer paraphyses, anterior regions of hypandrium and of inner paraphyses). Scale bar: 0.1 mm.

Figures 39 - 45. Paracacoxenus macai sp. nov., ♂ non-type specimen, Bohemia mer., Sobeslav-okoli, Czech Republic, 17.06.1975, J. Maca leg. (PCJM) 39 Habitus, left lateral view 40 Habitus, dorsal view 41 Habitus, dorsal view 42 Head close-up, dorsal view: 43 Terminalia close-up, oblique posterior view 44 Terminalia close-up, posterior view [note membranous, triangle-shaped aedeagus] 45 Right wing, dorsal view. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (42 - 45); 1.0 mm (39 - 41).

Figures 46 - 48. Paracacoxenus macai sp. nov., ♂ non-type specimen, Bohemia mer., Sobeslav-okoli, Czech Republic, 17.06.1975, J. Maca leg. (PCJM) 46 Terminalia (including syntergite 6 + 7), left lateral view (in focus: all sclerites) 47 Terminalia, dorsal view (in focus: epandrium, cerci, syntergite 6 + 7, hypandrium, paraphyses [partially] and aedeagal apodeme) 48 Terminalia, dorsal view (in focus: hypandrium, inner paraphyses and median region of outer paraphyses). Scale bar: 0.1 mm.

Figures 49 - 55. Paracacoxenus macai sp. nov., ♂ non-type specimen, Bohemia mer., Sobeslav- okoli, Czech Republic, 17.06.1975, J. Maca leg. (PCJM) (left wing missing, head glued on the cardboard triangle) 49 Habitus, left lateral view (abdomen turned upwards) 50 Habitus, oblique dorsal view 51 Habitus, dorsal view 52 Abdomen, dorsal view: 53 Head close-up, anterior view 54 Terminalia close-up, posterior view [note membranous, triangle-shaped aedeagus] 55 Right wing, dorsal view. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (53 - 55); 1.0 mm (49 - 52).

Figures 56 - 59. Paracacoxenus macai sp. nov., ♂ non-type specimen, Bohemia mer. Sobeslav-okoli, Czech Republic, 17.06.1975, J. Maca leg. (PCJM) 56 Terminalia, left lateral view (in focus: all sclerites) 57 Terminalia, dorsal view (in focus: epandrium, cerci, hypandrium, paraphyses and aedeagal apodeme) 58 Syntergite 6 + 7, right lateral view 59 Syntergite 6 + 7, posterior view. Scale bars: 0.1 mm.

Figures 4 - 9. Paracacoxenus kaszabi Okada, ♂ paratype, Central aimak, Ulan-Baator, Nucht im Bogdo ul, Mongolia (HNHM) 4 Habitus, left lateral view 5 Habitus, oblique dorsal 6 Habitus, dorsal 7 Head close-up, left lateral 8 Head close-up, dorsal 9 Terminalia close-up, posterior. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (7 - 9); 1.0 mm (4 - 6).

Figures 13 - 16. Paracacoxenus kaszabi Okada, ♂ paratype, Central aimak, Ulan-Baator, Nucht im Bogdo ul, Mongolia (HNHM) 13 Terminalia, dorsal view (in-focus: epandrium, cerci, tips of aedeagus and inner paraphyses) 14 Terminalia, dorsal view (in-focus: all sclerites) 15 Terminalia, posterior view 16 Terminalia, anterior view. Scale bar: 0.1 mm.

Figures 10 - 12. Paracacoxenus kaszabi Okada, ♂ paratype, Central aimak, Ulan-Baator, Nucht im Bogdo ul, Mongolia (HNHM) 10 Terminalia, oblique dorsal view 11 Terminalia, left lateral view 12 Terminalia, oblique ventral view. Scale bar: 0.1 mm.