Ipomoea bahiensis Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.

Wood, John R. I., Munoz-Rodriguez, Pablo, Williams, Bethany R. M. & Scotland, Robert W., 2020, A foundation monograph of Ipomoea (Convolvulaceae) in the New World, PhytoKeys 143, pp. 1-823 : 1

379. Ipomoea bahiensis Willd. ex Roem. & Schult. , Syst. Veg. 4: 769. 1819. (Roemer and Schultes 1819: 769)

Ipomoea salzmannii Choisy , Mém. Soc. Phys. Genève 8 (1): 59 [137]. 1838. (Choisy 1838: 59 [137]). Type. BRAZIL. Salzmann s.n. (lectotype M0184904, designated here).

Ipomoea salzmannii var. uniflora Choisy in A.P. de Candolle , Prodr. 9: 379. 1845. (Choisy 1845: 379). Type. BRAZIL. Minas Gerais, Salgodo, Martius s.n. (holotype M0184905).

Ipomoea bahiensis var. uniflora (Choisy) Meisn. in Martius et al. , Fl. Brasil. 7: 269. 1869. (Meisner 1869: 269).

Ipomoea bahiensis var. sagittifolia Meisn. in Martius et al. , Fl. Brasil. 7: 269. 1869. (Meisner 1869: 269). Type. BRAZIL. Rio São Francisco, Gardner 1359 (lectotype K000944834, designated here).

Quamoclit rochai Hoehne, Anexos Mem. Inst. Butantan , Bot. 1, fasc. 6: 79. 1922. (Hoehne 1922: 79). Type. BRAZIL. Ceará, da Rocha 4090 (holotype SP).

Ipomoea rochai nom. nud., in synon with Quamoclit rochai .

Type.

BRAZIL. T. Hoffmannsegg s.n. (holotype B-W 03753-010).

Description.

Trailing or climbing perennial herb to 1.5 cm, stems glabrous. Leaves petiolate, 3-8 × 0.8-5.5 cm, ovate-deltoid, acuminate and mucronate, base cordate with rounded to acute auricles, glabrous or puberulent, abaxially pale green; petioles 0.5-2 cm. Inflorescence of few-flowered, dense, pedunculate axillary cymes; peduncles 0.5-4(-12) cm long, often very short, puberulent or glabrous; bracteoles 1.5-6 × 0.5-1.5 mm, ovate, acute, scarious except for green midrib, caducous; pedicels 3-7 mm; sepals unequal, somewhat variable in structure, glabrous, fleshy, white or pale green with darker spots and green apex, abaxially often with a prominent tooth-like appendage; outer sepals 6-7 × 3 mm, obovate or elliptic, obtuse, inner 9-10 × 4 mm, suborbicular-obovate, rounded to truncate with prominent angles, margin scarious; corolla 4-5.5 cm long, white, lilac or pink, glabrous, funnel-shaped, limb c. 4 cm diam., unlobed. Capsules subglobose, 7-8 mm, shortly rostrate, glabrous; seeds 5 × 3 mm, lanate on margins, pubescent on faces.

Illustration.

Figures 2F , 9D ; 183 .

Distribution.

Ipomoea bahiensis is widespread in eastern Bolivia and Brazil and is typical of disturbed bushy places. It is especially common in NE Brazil but apparently absent south of about 18° latitude except in the Rio de Janeiro region. For an account of its mass flowering after fire in eastern Bolivia, see Wood (2019).

BRAZIL. Alagoas: G. Gardner 1359 (K). Amazonas: Itacoatiara, W.J. Lowe 4274 (K). Bahia: Feira de Santana, I.M. Fernandes 2 (K); Ibotirama, Upper São Francisco River, R.M. Harley et al. 22014 (K); Bom Jesus da Lapa, R.M. Harley et al. 21532 (K); Salvador, Itapoã, Bautista & Pinto 802 (K). Ceará: Drouet 2546 (S); Quixerí, Chapada do Apodi, M.A. Figueiredo et al. 626 (K); near limits with Pernambuco, L. Duarte & A. Castellanos 33393 (HB, K). Goiás: Minacu, G. Pereira-Silva 5373 (CEN). Mato Grosso: C.A.M. Lindman 3543 (S); Cáceres-Cuaibá, W. Werneck 64 (CEN, K); Xavantina-São Felix, R.R. de Santos et al. 1799 (K); Novo Mundo, G.S. Henicka et al. 22 (K). Pará: Serra do Piría, R.C. Forzza et al. 5867 (K); Nazaré de Para, R. Spruce 206 (K); Bragança-Viseu, G. Prance & T. Pennington 2074 (K). Paraíba: Santa Rita, M.F. Agra & G. Gois 647 (K). Pernambuco: B.J. Pickel 3622 (NY); Triunfo, F.V. Silva & A.M. Miranda 51 (HUEFS). Piauí: G. Gardner 2453 (K). Rio de Janeiro: D. Sucre 3965 (RB); Ilhas Cagarras, M.G. Bovini et al. 3635 (FHO, RB). Rio Grande do Norte: F. Colla 23 (UFRN). Sergipe: M.R. França 8 (ASE). Tocantins: Pedro Afonso, K.G. Kissmann (SP, K).

FRENCH GUIANA. Monts d’Arawa, J.-J. de Granville et al. 15048 (CAY, K).

BOLIVIA. Santa Cruz: Ángel Sandoval, Santo Corazón, A. Fuentes & C. Cabrera 1903 (USZ); Chiquitos, Santiago de Chiquitos, J.R.I. Wood & D. Soto 27327 (K, LPB, USZ); Germán Busch, Santa Ana-Carmen Rivero Torrez, J.R.I. Wood et al. 27893 (K, LPB, USZ); Ñuflo de Chávez, south of Concepción, J.R.I. Wood et al. 26205 (K, LPB, UB, USZ); Velasco, San Ignacio, J.R.I. Wood & B. Williams 27841 (K, LPB, USZ).

Note.

Ipomoea bahiensis has unique sepals. These are fleshy, very pale, spotted near the base and with prominent green tips, these often with a distinct tooth-like appendage. The exact structure appears to be rather variable and difficult to describe accurately even with the aid of photographs showing details. The compact, shortly pedunculate cymes are also distinctive.

Figures

Figure 2. Sepals of Ipomoea species. A I. setifera B I. dumetorum C I. aristolochiifolia D I. crinicalyx E I. plummerae F I. bahiensis G I. amnicola H I. appendiculata. Photographs of A (Wood et al. 27771) B (Wood et al. 27654) D (Wood et al. 27606) and G (Wood et al. 27706) by Beth Williams C (Wood 27926) H (Wood et al. 28024) by John Wood E by Mario Giorgetta F (Queiroz et al. 15950) by Hibert Huaylla.

Figure 9. Pollen of Ipomoea species. A I. hieronymi (Wood et al. 28055) B I. wolcottiana (Hughes et al. 1911) C I. bonariensis (Wood et al. 27871) D I. bahiensis (Queiroz 15975) E I. maurandioides (Krapovickas & Cristobal 1573) F I. corymbosa (Jurgensen 612) G I. sericosepala (Wood 28122) H I. tiliifolia (Beddome 5581). Photos by Robert Scotland.

Figure 183. Ipomoea bahiensis. A habit B calyx C outer sepal D inner sepal E corolla opened out to show stamens F ovary and style G seed. Drawn by Rosemary Wise A-F from Wood et al. 27797; G from Wood et al. 27893.